유치원 교사의 발달 단계 이론에 따른 현직교육의 방향 = Stages of teachers’ careers and implications for professional development.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Like other professionals, educators typically advance from novice to expert during their careers (see Hall, 1966, for the career stages in medicine). Along the path, their personal and professional needs and characteristics change continuously.
Various models of teacher career stages have been suggested. Among others, Katz (1972) developed the Developmental Stages of Preschool Teachers model. Her framework includes four stages of the teacher career cycle: survival stage, consolidation stage, renewal stage, and maturity stage.
In this paper, Katz's four stages and its' implication for professional development was examined with the consideration of models of other researchers such as Fuller(1975), Fessler(1985), Berliner(1988), and Steffy and Wolfe(1997).
Since "survival is utmost in the mind" for teachers in the survival stage it is necessary that "professional development is linked directly to immediate use in the classroom" (Fessler & Christensen, 1992, p.57).
Teachers in the consolidation stage grow in their confidence and become secure in their role as an educators. Hence teachers in this stage need a plenty of opportunities to learn about new materials, methods, and strategies.
For teachers in renewal stage, their professional development needs can be fulfilled via journal readings, conferences, and peer interactions rather than through regular professional development programs.
For teachers in the maturity stage, participating academic conferences, taking graduate courses, and reading professional journals can be efficient options for professional development.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

교사의 발달 단계에 대한 이론은 그 시작부터 교사 교육에 대한 관심에서 시작하였다. 바람직하고 효율적인 교사 교육이 이루어지기 위해서는, 교사의 발달에 대한 이해가 선행되어야 하고 그 발달 단계에 맞추어서 교육을 해야 할 필요가 있다. 본 고에서는 직선적‧순차적 모형의 초기 이론 가운데 하나이며, 유치원 교사의 발달 단계를 고찰한 이론인 카츠(Katz)의 이론을 중심으로 다른 교사발달 단계 이론을 살펴보았다. 또한 각 단계별로 교사의 요구가 어떻게 변화하는지, 그리고 교사를 대상으로 한 교육 프로그램에서 교사의 요구 변화를 어떻게 수용해야하는 가에 관해 고찰하였다.