조선시대 목판재료 자작목(自作木)의실체와 명칭 변화 = The True Identity and Name Change of Jajak-mok, the Wood Species for Woodblock Printing in the Joseon Dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the royal publishing process of the Joseon Dynasty, the main species of wood used for woodblock printing was recorded as Jajak-mok. Although the name Jajak-mok may suggest Jajak-namu(white birch), it is presumed to refer to a different type of wood than Jajak-namu based on its recorded habitat and usage in historical documents.
The aim of this paper is to clarify that during the Joseon Dynasty, the term Jajak-mok referred to Geojesu-namu (Korean birch), while Jajak-namu was called Hwa-mok(樺木). Additionally, this paper explores how the term Jajak-mok eventually became the name of white birch, Jajak-namu, used today.
In the mid-18th century, Japan used the character 樺(hwa) to refer to Beot-namu(Sargent cherry). As Japanese encyclopedias entered Joseon, the term Hwa-mok began to refer to both Beot-namu and Jajak-namu, which is also called Bot-namu. Since the pronunciation of Boet-namu and Bot-namu are similar, the two trees were eventually unified under the name Boet-namu.
In the 20th century, the official names of three trees were established. According to notifications issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce of the Korean Empire in 1910 and the Governor-General of Chosen in 1912, Hwa-mok(white birch) was renamed as Jajak-namu. In 1968, Beot-namu(Sargent cherry) retained its original name, and Jajak-mok(Korean birch) was remained .
In modern Chinese character dictionaries, the meaning of 樺(hwa) is listed as “1. Beot-namu(Sargent cherry), 2. Jajak-namu(white birch).” From this, we can infer the historical background in which the names of these three trees were mixed up.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 박재현, "한글생활사 자료총서 명물기략" 학고재 135-, 2015

2 하영삼, "한국역대자전총서2. 자류주석" 도서출판3 2017

3 "조선총독부고시 제18호(1912.09.02.)"

4 "조선시대 대일외교 용어사전 누리집"

5 서유구, "임원경제지: 만학지" 소와당 116-118, 2010

6 최공호, "시각문화의 전통과 해석" 예경 370-, 2007

7 "서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 누리집"

8 박상진, "문화와 역사로 만나는 우리나무의 세계 2" 김영사 413-, 2011

9 박상진, "동아시아의 목판인쇄" 한국국학진흥원 382-, 2008

10 "대한제국농상공부고시 제9호(1910.05.31.)"

11 "국가생물다양성정보공유체계 누리집"

12 "高麗史"

13 "靑莊館全書"

14 "譯語類解"

15 "訓蒙字會"

16 "萬機要覽"

17 "璿源譜略修正儀軌"

18 "物名攷(柳僖)"

19 "桑韓唱和塤篪集"

20 "東醫寶鑑"

21 "本草綱目"

22 "朝鮮王朝實錄"

23 朝鮮博物硏究會, "朝鮮森林植物圖說" 96-97, 1943

24 "新增東國輿地勝覽"

25 "承政院日記"

26 "度支準折"

27 "字典釋要"

28 "國朝寶鑑監印廳儀軌"

29 "四聲通解"

30 "和漢三才圖會"

31 "五洲衍文長箋散稿"

32 김진경, "『桑韓唱和塤篪集』에 관한 연구" 한국한문고전학회 23 (23): 241-263, 2011