한국 근대 사회의 형성에서 전통과 근대 -가족과 여성 관념을 중심으로 = Tradition and Modernity in Modem Korean Society: The Formation of Ideas on the Family and Women

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examines how the ideas of the family and women have been formed from the beginning of Korea``s modernization to 1945. Observing the formative process of these concepts, I found that the family and women should not be regarded as separate entities: Rather, they should be analyzed as an ensemble. The issue of tradition and modernity is somewhat relevant to the understanding of them. Among various ideas of women, two currents is discerned in the first stage(the 1880s~the 191Os) . One was the vindication of women``s right and equality for the sake of family and motherhood, which ultimately aimed at the restoration of the nation. The other was the awakening of women``s self-consciousness. Though the two were radically different in content, they could not have been differentiated in the age of the national trial. ``New Women`` in the next stage (the 1920s~ntiddle of the 1930s) was the offspring of women``s self-consciousness acquired in the first period. Their arrival in the early 1920s should be understood in the broad context of Koreans`` ardent searching for the modern, formal education being one element of it. They were radical liberalists, in the sense they challenged the tradition itself. Soon they were succeeded by typical liberalists who were adaptive to the existing society and individualistic in their orientation. With their emergence, women``s role in the family moved to the good wife, rather than the wise mother. Critics on the reckless pursuit of the modem and the depreciation of. the tradition led to the replacement of ``New Women`` by ``Modern Women`` in the third period(the late 1930s-1945). ``Modern Women,`` however, were transient and precarious, for it was to be drifted into the mass mobilization of women during the Japan``s invasion of China and the Pacific War. Family and motherhood were again emphasized for the purpose of the war. Though there were critical differences, women thereby became a prisoner of the regime dominated by men as were in the first period