동사이동과 do-support = Verb Movement and do-support

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this paper I describe the change of Verb Movement in English and the diachronic development of Modern English(MnE) periphrastic do. In Old and Middle English, the main verb raised to INFL or C, but English lost its overt V-raising ability in Early Modern English (EMnE).The scope of Verb Movement is determined by morphological properties of INFL. Weak INFL cannot attract a heavy element such as a main verb, though it can attract a light element such as an auxiliary, while strong INFL attracts any element. INFL is argued to be strong only if there are plural markings overt and different from singular ones.
The loss of V-raising resulted from the changes of morphological features. INFL in OE is rich enough morphologically to attract a heavy element such as main verb. Strong features of OE INFL remained unchanged in Middle English (ME). In ME the system of verb morphology was affected by the same changes that affected uoun morphology. However, the distinction between singular and plural was retained in ME, although there was a good deal of leveling in the verb paradigms.
Therefore, the inflectional system in ME was still rich enough morphologically to attract a "heavy" element.
Early in the 16th century, the plural marking disappeared in English verb morphology and INFL became weak. Consequently, V-raising disappeared gradually in the EMnE period. We have argued that the development of do as an auxiliary is closely related to the less of v-raising. After the loss of v-raising, optional do developed as MnE auxiliary do for negatives, emphatics, and questions.
In case there is no auxiliary verb, do is inserted under T to support the feature[+Neg]. It is argued that there is no NegP in English. Inserted of NegP, the feature [+Neg] is assumed under T. The emphatic do is also introduced in the EMnE after the loss of v-raising. When the verb cannot move to T, do must be EMnE to support the emphatic feature.
The [+Q] feature of T must move to C in questions, but it cannot move without being supported by an overt element. A carrier is needed for a feature to move. Our basic assumption is that no feature can move alone without being supported by an overt element. In case there is no modal or aspectual auxiliary, do must be inserted under T as the "last resort" in order to support a feature of T, e.g.[+Neg],or[+Emp]