In this study for Ulsan, we considered synthetically the process of urban change and development, and analyze the influences of those on formation of present urban space with the view of urban History.
The main objects to analyze are road improvement...
In this study for Ulsan, we considered synthetically the process of urban change and development, and analyze the influences of those on formation of present urban space with the view of urban History.
The main objects to analyze are road improvement, water supplies and sewerages, and infrastructures of electricity, telephone, and communication related to urban planning in the period of Japanese Occupation. Periodical coverage of objects of this study is from 1912 (initial period of land assessment) to 1945 (initial time of liberation from Japan), and is divided into two periods that consist of the former term and the latter term in accordance with time difference between before and after raise of a Eup at 1931. And Spatial coverage includes total 7 Dongs which is Gyo-dong, Bukjeong-dong, Boksan-dong, Seongnam-dong, Okgyo-dong, Haksan-dong, and Hakseong-dong in Jung-gu Division, the Old Downtown of Ulsan. We also analyzed the physical transformation process of Ulsan-Eup with several data which were compiled by authorities, such as 'the streets and sewage state aid papers at 1936' which was made during Japanese Occupation, as the main analyzed Objects.
Through this study, we could find that there was not synthetical city planning for development of city but the city development plan accordance with several single projects including planning project in Ulsan during Japanese Occupation. In the former term of urban planning of Ulsan, widening of roads and conversion of straight line were carried out by influence of instruction about urban planning that was instructed on 1912. In the latter term of urban planning of Ulsan, the infrastructure maintenances of urban planning and sewerage constructions were carried out because of acception of demand from the Ulsan-Eup authority to the superior office in accordance with raise of a Eup and close of Ulsan Airfield. And through the southern urban-space sprawl, we could find the settlement of 'Hakseongno', 'principal roads to the direction of east and west', because of development of east part of existing urban district, have capacity of development, was promoted such as a moving of Ulsan Station to eastward in which there is a lot of available site because of blocking by Taehwa river. We could find the significant difference between Japanese and Korean in land compensation in accordance with road construction. I think this mean that the object of Ulsan urban planning is only for the Japanese economy into the Korean Peninsula and benefit of Japanese. Then, because of construction of station at former term and latter term of urban planning, urban district and road system were expanded with formation of scope of station around the Station.
As stated above, the present urban structure of the Old Downtown of Ulsan has taken shape in Period of Japanese Occupation, and the urban structure formed in this period has only expanded and increased in Size.
The results from this study are as follows :
First, urban planning work was carried out by demand from closing of air field.
Second, urban planning was discontinued due to budgetary problem, so early 'old-plan' was ended with plan step. The construction of Hakseongno, 'new-plan', was carried out after change of planning.
Third, it took total 30,000 won at the construction of first section of Hakseongno of which total length is 720m. The construction of a sewer system was carried out with construction of road of which width is 15m. Then, a loan were made up for construction financial resources. This a loan was set up as 'a special tax', and that was planed to refund of equalize for 15years.
Forth, there are significant difference between Japanese and Korean in land compensation price in accordance with road construction.
Lastly, the road system and the urban district were expanded toward eastern part of existing urban district by formation of station scope because of construction of Station.