일자리사업 참여 노인의 인식과 만족에 따른 생활변화에 관한 연구 = A Study on Changes of Elderly Citizen's Life Based on Their Recognition and Satisfaction from Participating

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 일자리사업 참여 노인들을 대상으로 인식과 만족도에 따른 생활변화를 살펴봄으로써 개선방안을 제시하여 노인일자리사업 발전에 기여하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 대구광역시에서 수행하는 노인 일자리사업에 참여하고 있는 60세 이상 노인 245명을 조사 대상으로 하여, 분석·고찰한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다.
첫째, 참여에 따른 특성에서 참여이유는 돈이 필요해서가 참여경로는 복지관 및 공공기관의 소개가 가장 높게 나타났다. 참여유형에는 공익형이, 사업참여 횟수는 3회, 4회가, 참여시간은 3-4시간이 가장 높게 나타났다. 참여기간은 7개월 이하가, 희망 참여기간은 건강이 허락 할 때까지가 가장 높게 나타났다. 월평균 소득은 20만원이, 희망 월평균 소득은 30만원 이상 ~ 40만원 미만이 가장 많이 나타났다. 일에 대한 난이도는 쉽다가, 참여에 대한 가족의 생각은 찬성한다가, 추후 참여의사는 참여한다가, 희망 직종은 참여기간이 긴 직종이 가장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 일자리 참여 노인의 인식, 참여만족 및 생활변화에서 일에 대한 인식은 근면과 성공이 가장 높게 나타났고, 참여만족은 기관의 직원이 가장 높게, 소득이 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 노인일자리사업 참여 이후 생활변화정도가 높게 나타났으며, 근로의욕 증진이 가장 높게 건강회복이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 셋째, 일자리사업 참여 노인의 인식과 만족이 생활변화에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
본 연구결과를 바탕으로 노인일자리사업의 개선방안을 제시하면 다음과 같다.
첫째, 활동적 고령화에 대한 인식 개선 및 홍보를 통해 노인일자리사업 참여의 확대로 삶의 질과 정신적·육체적 안녕을 도모하게 한다. 둘째, 노인들의 실질적 소득에 기여하는 일자리 마련과 노인 고용을 활성화를 위한 적합한 직종이 개발되어야 하며 노인일자리사업이 연간사업으로 확장 되어야 한다. 셋째, 노인일자리사업의 전문화를 위한 교육 및 훈련을 제공하여 고령근로자에게 고용가능성과 근로가능성을 제고하여야 한다. 끝으로, 추후에는 65세 ㅅ이상 노인들이 어떤 형태로든 다른 일자리엥 참여하고 있는지에 대한 분석과 일자리 개발을 통해 활동적 고령화를 이루어 가야하겠다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of the Job Promotion Project by looking at the life changes of elderly citizens based on their recognitions and satisfactions on/from their participation in the business. Also, this research intends to contribute to the development of the project, by suggesting an alternative for improvement to come up with an effective project model for the employment of elderly citizens. To reach these goals, an investigation on the elderly above 60 years old who are now in the project of work place promotion in Daegu was conducted. The subject group consists of 245 those elderly citizens. The results of the investigation are as following.
First, in the observation of characteristics seen through the project, need of money was highest on the list of reasons for the participation, and the introductions from welfare centers and other public institutions was the most prominent channel of participation. For the types of participation, first ranked was the public interest, and 3 and 4 times were the most frequently answered to the question regarding the participation times. In the hours of participation, 3-4 hours were dominant. When they answered 'below 7 months' the most to the question for the period of, which explains the fact that the project covers 7 month period. To the question about the desired participation period, most frequently answered is ‘as long as they are healthy enough' and for the average monthly income, ￦300,000-400,000 was dominant. The most people answered ‘easy' to the question for difficulties of the work, and ‘agree' was placed the highest in the answer list to the question for families' opinion. To the question for ‘whether to come again', the more answered ‘yes' and for the occupational field, they prefer the most ‘the field that involves the longest period'.
Second, in terms of elderly's recognition, satisfaction from the participation and life changes, the recognition on the work marked high. Industriousness and success was answered the most in their responses followed by the job itself and independence. For the participational satisfaction, the most satisfying was institutional job followed by the work that can be done with their colleagues, a job that covers the whole project, the work in the institution that they visit, the services that the institution provides, and the job that involves a good quality, appropriate working hours and favorable environment. The least chosen was the job with a good wage. After finishing the project of job participation, the life among the elderly citizens showed high changes, especially including the improvement of work motivation that was the most prevalent followed by relations between family members and recovery of self-esteem with the health recovery the least prominent.
Third, the recognition and satisfaction factors influenced the elderly's changes in their lives. For the influences that the recognition impose on the family relationships and sense of happiness, independence was in the list. Work itself and industriousness were the biggest effect on the motivation to work and for the influences of recognition for the job on the recovery of self-esteem, independence, industriousness and success were in the list and for the recovery of health, industriousness and success.
For the influences of satisfying participation on the family relationships and sense of happiness, the entire project, working environment, and satisfying relationship between colleagues were among the factors. For the improvement of motivation to work, the working environment and relationship between colleague were in the list of influencing factors. In respect to the influences of the degree of satisfaction from the participation on the self-esteem recovery, the whole project and working environment were the affecting factors. And the entire project was affecting their recovery of health.
On the basis of the results from this study, I suggest the solution for improvement of the project for elderly's job promotion as following.
First, we should expand the participation in the elderly's job project by enlightening the public for the active aging and promoting to secure the quality life and mental, physical wellness of the elderly citizens.
Second, there should be development of jobs to practically contribute to the elderly's income and appropriate job fields to help the employment of the old widespread. And, also this project need to be included in the annual government project.
Third, a variety of education and training services should provided for the specialization of the elderly's job project and secure the opportunities to be employed and work in favor of the aged job seekers.
Finally, this study was conducted on the participants in Elderly Citizens' Job project launched by Daegu Metropolitan city. However, this project should not end here but be linked to the analyses about whether the participants are engaging in any jobs in any way as well as development of jobs for the goal of proactive aging.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 문제제기 = 1
• 2. 연구의 의의 및 목적 = 4
• 3. 연구의 문제 = 6
• 4. 연구의 한계 = 6
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 7
• 1. 선행연구 동향 = 7
• 2. 활동적 고령화와 노인인력 활용의 필요성 = 10
• 3. 노인일자리사업 = 14
• 4. 일자리사업 참여 노인의 인식, 참여만족 및 생활변화 = 18
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 = 26
• 1. 조사대상 = 26
• 2. 조사도구 = 26
• 3. 자료수집 = 29
• 4. 자료 분석방법 = 30
• Ⅳ. 조사결과 = 31
• 1. 노인일자리 사업 참여자의 특성 = 31
• 2. 일자리사업 참여 노인의 일에 대한 인식, 참여만족 및 생활변화 = 36
• 3. 일자리사업 참여 노인의 인식과 만족이 생활변화에 미치는 영향 = 40
• Ⅴ. 고찰 = 53
• 1. 노인일자리사업 참여자의 특성 = 53
• 2. 일자리사업 참여 노인의 인식, 참여만족 및 생활변화 = 54
• 3. 일자리사업 참여 노인의 인식과 만족이 생활변화에 미치는 영향 = 56
• 4. 노인일자리사업의 개선방안 = 59
• Ⅵ. 결론 = 63
• 참고문헌 = 65
• (Abstract) = 69
• 부록 = 72