BIM 기반 협업설계 개선을 위한 통합설계환경 = An Integrated Design Environment for BIM-based Design Collaboration

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 건설 프로젝트가 점차 복잡화, 대형화되면서 요구되는 정보의 양 또한 방대해져 각 참여주체간의 협업 및 정보교류의 어려움 등 여러 문제가 발생되고 있다. BIM의 도입은 이러한 건설산업의 환경변화에 맞춰 효율적 협업환경을 제공할 수 있는 기반이 되었다. 하지만 아직까지 설계에 사용되는 BIM 기반 소프트웨어의 차이로 인하여 데이터 손실, 의사소통의 어려움, 비효율적 업무 등의 문제가 발생되는 등 협업설계의 업무수행에 여러 제약이 따르고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 BIM 기반 협업설계과정에서 나타나는 문제들을 개선하기 위한 방법으로 통합설계환경을 제시하였다. 먼저, 기존 BIM 기반 협업설계에 대한 분석을 통하여 문제점을 도출하였으며, 다양한 통합의 방법론에 대한 고찰을 바탕으로 이러한 문제들을 해결할 수 있는 BIM 기반 통합설계환경의 개념을 정립하였다. 제안한 통합설계환경을 제공하기 위하여 소프트웨어 시스템을 개발하였으며 실제 협업설계 사례를 적용하여 이를 검증하였다.
BIM 기반 협업설계환경의 분석을 통하여 설계단계별 업무수행에 필요한 기능요구사항을 정의하였고, 도출된 요구사항을 중심으로 협업설계 과정에서의 상용 BIM 소프트웨어가 가진 문제점을 도출하였다. 분석을 통하여 도출된 문제점들은 다음과 같다: 1) 기존 BIM 기반 소프트웨어는 협업설계업무수행을 위한 통합된 기능을 제공하기 어려움, 2) 협업업무수행을 위해 이종 소프트웨어를 사용하기 때문에 정보의 손실로 통합된 정보를 사용하지 못하고 있음, 3) 정보의 손실로 인하여 중복된 설계작업 및 불필요한 설계프로세스 등의 문제가 발생되어 설계업무의 통합된 프로세스를 제공하지 못하고 있음.
이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 통합의 개념을 기반으로 하는 통합설계환경을 제시하였다. 제시된 통합설계환경은 ‘기능의 통합’, ‘정보의 통합’, ‘프로세스의 통합’을 기반으로 하고 있다. 기능의 통합은 ‘BIM 기반 협업설계의 업무수행을 위한 기능의 통합 제공’을 의미하며, 정보의 통합은 ‘BIM 기반 협업설계에서 발생되는 모든 정보를 통합하여 관리하고 공유 하는 것’을 의미한다. 또한 프로세스의 통합은 ‘협업설계업무 수행을 위한 프로세스의 통합 지원’을 뜻한다. 본연구에서는 정의된 통합의 개념을 통한 통합설계환경을 구축하기 위하여 통합 개념을 바탕으로 하는 통합설계시스템을 구현하였다. 통합설계시스템은 BIM Modeler,BIM Checker, BIM Server 등 3개 모듈의 조합을 통하여 구현되었다. BIM Modeler는 데이터의 생성과 산출물을 작성하는 기능을 제공하며, BIM Checker는 BIM Modeler에서 생성된 BIM 데이터의 품질검토를 위한 기능을 제공한다. 또한 BIM Server는 BIM Modeler와 BIM Checker에서 수행된 설계 산출물 및 데이터를 관리하는 기능을 제공하며, 이들 모듈은 상호연계를 통하여 제공되기 때문에 정보의 손실이 없으며, 일관된 프로세스를 제공할 수 있다. 따라서 기존의 BIM 기반 협업설계에서 발생되었던 ‘통합된 기능 제공 문제’, ‘정보 손실 문제’, ‘일관되지 못한 설계프로세스의 문제’를 해결할 수 있었다.
제시된 통합설계환경의 검증에는 지상 5층과 지하 4층을 가진 병원건물을 대상으로 한 협업설계 사례가 활용되었다. 검증결과, 협업설계의 업무수행을 위한 통합기능의 제공으로 모델링 및 도면 생성, 설계검토, 법규검토 등 설계단계별 요구되는 업무를 수행할 수 있었으며, 통합설계시스템을 구성하는 핵심 모듈간의 연계를 통하여 개선된 정보의 운용능력을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 공종별 설계참여자, 설계단계별 업무 수행자 등 협업설계의 참여자들은 협업설계의 업무수행을 위한 통합설계환경을 제공받을 수 있어 일관된 협업설계프로세스를 구축할 수 있었다.
이와 같이 통합의 관점으로 구현된 통합설계환경은 협업설계에 필요한 다양한 요소들을 통합적으로 제공함으로써 기존 BIM 기반 설계환경에서 나타나는 문제점을 개선할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제시하는 통합설계환경은 설계의 품질과 생산성을 향상할 수 있을 것으로 예상한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As recent construction projects have been increasingly complicated and growing their scale, many problems have arisen due to difficulty of collaborating and exchanging information between the project participants. To cope with these problems, BIM have been utilized in the Building Life Cycle for effective collaboration. However, using different types of BIM-based software between different participants has caused many problems such as data loss, difficulties in communication, and inefficient project management. Therefore, this study proposed an Integrated Design Environment (IDE) to improve BIM-based collaborative design. Its concept was developed on the analysis of system and software integration methodologies. In order to verify the IDE, a practical design case was tested.
The requirements of the proposed IDE were derived from an analysis on the problems of the current BIM-based design collaboration. We indentified the following problems: 1) previous BIM based software is difficult to provide integrated function for Collaboration Design Task Performance. 2) Using different types of software for Collaboration Design Task Performance results loss of information which eventually disables the use of integrated information. 3) Loss of information causes problems such as duplicated designing and unnecessary design process.
To resolve the above problems, we developed three conceptual requirements of the proposed IDE: ‘functional integration’, ‘informational integration’, and 'process integration'. These three requirements were archived by the combination of thee software modules: BIM Modeler, BIM Checker, and BIM Server. BIM Modeler produces BIM data and design documents, BIM Checker evaluates the quality of BIM data, and BIM Server manages the transmission of BIM data.
For the verification of IDE, we used a hospital building project. The building was composed of 5 floors above ground and 4 floors underground. This test revealed that IDE could improve 3D modeling, 2D drawing eneration, design review, and other collaborative design works. Furthermore, improved information management was possible through the interaction among the 3 core modules. Therefore, the proposed IDE is expected to improve design quality and productivity.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1장 서 론 ······················································································································1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 및 목적·········································································································1
• 1.2 연구의 범위 및 방법·········································································································3
• 제 2장 이론 및 문헌 고찰 ·····························································································6
• 2.1 이론 고찰·····························································································································6
• 2.1.1 BIM의 개념················································································································6
• 2.1.2 BIM 기반 협업설계··································································································7
• 2.2 문헌 고찰···························································································································10
• 2.2.1 소프트웨어 및 시스템 통합 관련 연구······························································10
• 2.2.2 BIM 기반 통합 관련 연구 ····················································································13
• 제 3장 현황분석 및 통합설계환경 정의 ··································································16
• 3.1 BIM 기반 협업설계 현황분석·······················································································16
• 3.1.1 분석 개요··················································································································16
• 3.1.2 BIM 기반 협업설계 분석······················································································17
• 3.2 통합설계환경 정의 ···········································································································28
• 3.3 통합설계환경 제안 ···········································································································30
• 제 4장 통합설계환경 구축 ···························································································31
• 4.1 통합설계환경 구축 개요 ·································································································31
• 4.2 BIM Modeler 구축 ··········································································································32
• 4.2.1 공종별 객체 정의····································································································32
• 4.2.2 객체 속성 정의········································································································34
• 4.2.3 GUI ·····························································································································38
• 4.3 BIM Checker 구축 ··········································································································41
• 4.3.1 BIM 데이터의 분석 기능 ····················································································41
• 4.3.2 법규 검토 기능········································································································43
• 4.3.3 GUI ····································································