면, 점, 선 그리고 연결망 = Surface, Point, Line and Network

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In recent archaeological research, a close relation between material and human beings has been newly theorised and alternative hypotheses on the formation of ethnic groups and human migration has been suggested with dramatic developments of analytic technology in the natural sciences, such as archaeogenetics and bioinformatics, which has replaced megatheories which led hitherto archaeological theory and paradigm shifts in it. Social Network Theory, adopted first in social science, was introduced to archaeological research and enabled the finding of important archaeological phenomena that had been ignored or unrecognised thus far.
Nevertheless network analysis was not simply developed and introduced from the outside; there already existed some similar ideas and discussions with network analysis within archaeology. The ways of understanding objects through their contextual relation in Phenomenology and Analytic Philosophy are also closely related with network analysis. Therefore, network analysis was developed in other disciplines but was considered and ‘domesticated’ within archaeological thought and context, rather than just simply being adopted into archaeology. This fact suggests that the interpretation of results drawn from network analysis on actual data is not enough as long as it is limited to a simple description of visible patterns.
Rather it can be clearly shown that the results should be significantly and sensitively interpreted when analysis is carried out within an archaeological context.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근의 고고학 연구는 1990년대까지 성행했던 과정고고학과 후기과정고고학의경우처럼 고고학연구의 이론과 방법론과 관련된 거대담론 대신 이론적 측면에서 인간과 물질 사이의 관계를 새롭게 규정하거나 비약적으로 발전하고 있는 동위원소 분석이나 고유전체 분석을 비롯한 자연과학적 분석의 적극적 도입을 바탕으로 인간 집단의 형성과 이주 등에 대한 새로운 가설을 제시하고 있다. 수학의 그래프이론에서 발전하여 사회과학적 분석에 도입되었던 연결망 분석 역시 고고학 연구에 도입되어 종래 무시되거나 염두에 두지 않았던 새로운 고고학적 현상을 확인할 수 있게 되었다. 고고학의 연결망 분석은 단순히 외부에서 개발되어 고고학에 새롭게 도입된 것이 아니라 이미 이와 유사한 아이디어 혹은 논의들이 고고학 연구에서 주목받은 바가 있으며 기본적으로 현상학과 분석철학에서 논의된 바와 같이 관계를 통해 대상을 이해하고자 하는 방식과도 유사한 측면이 있다. 비록 연결망 분석이 고고학이 아닌 분야에서 개발되어 적용되었지만‘단순한 공식의 적용’이 아니라 고고학적 사유와 맥락 안에서 충분히 고민되고 ‘길들여질 수 있다’고 할 수 있다. 이러한 사실은 실제 연결망 분석 사례를 통해 도출되는 결과의 해석이 연결망 분석에서 가시적으로 드러나는 특징을 기술하는 것만으로는 충분하지않으며 결국 고고학적 맥락 안에서 재해석될 때 보다 의미있는 결론을 도출할 수 있다는점을 통해서도 잘 드러난다고 할 수 있다.

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