W.A. Mozart 피아노 소나타의 시기별 특징 연구 = (A) study on the periodical characteristics of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's piano sonatas

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the 18th century when the classic music was at the height of prosperity, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) united a variety of musical styles in Europe, and composed great musical works of instrumental, religious, operatic, piano music.
This paper attempled to examine the composition year, the composition place, the work background and the characteristics of all of Mozart's piano sonatas depending upon his musical era.
During the early years, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart learned music from his father, Leopold Mozart and made a recital tour in Europe. At that time his music showed various kinds of musical styles, and was especially influenced by Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750), Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (1714-1788) and Franz Joseph Haydn(1732-1809), expressing the gallant style and emotional expression style.
In the first term, there are six piano sonatas, including K.279 (189d) C major, K280 (189e) F major, K.281 (189f) B^(b) major, K.282 (189g) E^(b) major, K.283 (189h) G major and K284 (205b) D major which were composed in Salburg and Munich.
The first movement follows a sonata form, and the second movement follows either a sonata form or a ternary form, and the third movement follows either a sonata form or a rondo form. In the first term, most of the works shows the typical type of tonality arrangement.
The exposition of the sonata form has not only a short length of subject but also a insufficient contrast between both subjects. On the other hand, the development has a short length, while the recopitulation recopies the exposition's contents as it is.
The melody has perfect cadences as well as regular phrases.
The harmony often adopted a simple harmony construction that is mainly composed of simple triadic elements.
The piano sonata often adopted musical techniques, such as ornaments, arpeggios, broken chords and Alberti Basses, etc, and also showed a great contrast in dynamics.
During the second term, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was much influenced by "Mannheimer schule", a turkish musical form based on an exotic Oriental culture that was popular at that time. Being free from the gallant form gradually, Mozart expanded sonata form to develop his own musical form.
In the second term, there are seven piano sonatas, including two works of K.309(284b) C major and K.311(284c) D major which were composed at Mannheim in Germany in 1777, K.310(300d) A minor which was composed at Paris in 1778, K.330(300h) C major, K.331(284c) A major and K332(300k) F major which were composed between 1781 and 1783, and K.333(315c) B^(b) major, which was composed between 1783 and 1784.
The first movement follows a sonata form, and the second movement follows either a ternary form or a sonata form, and the third movement follows a rondo form. A modulation shows parallel keys being much close to the original key and the related minor key of the original key by a diatonic scale and a chromatic scale.
The exposition of the sonata form shows a contrast between the first subject and the second subject, and both the development and the coda were expanded to make a variety of free modulation and harmony. The recopitulation often changes in harmony and accompaniment form rather than recopying the exposition.
The melody is technically accomplished and subjects shows a conjunct motion
Triadic elements were mainly used for harmony, and both the diminished 7th chord and the secondary 7th chord were used to progress in a chromatic scale.
A variety of musical techniques, for instance, delicate emotional expression, ornaments, pedal tones, obvious contrasts between both subjects, unison, orchestra effects and a contrast in dynamics, etc were adopted.
During the third term, Mozart was influenced by C.P.E. Bach, Georg Friedrich Handel (1685-1759) which result in polyphonic musical features. The third term musical works showed Mozart's mature musicianship and often composition skills based on a counterpoint.
In the third term, six piano sonatas were composed in Vienna, for instance, K.457 c minor was composed in 1784, K.533 F major was composed in 1786, K.545 C major was composed in 1788, K.A135(547a) F major was arranged by another musical works, K.570 B^(b) major was composed in 1789 and K.576 D major.
The first movement follows a sonata form, and the second one follows either a sonata form or a ternary form, and the third one follows a rondo form: All of the three movements have a typical Mozart type of the movement construction.
The exposition of the sonata form has a distinct contrast between subjects, while the development makes use of wide register to expand it and shows a lot of modulations
In the melody, each movement has a regular progress in the unit of 4-8 phrases to show a perfect cadence.
Mozart often made use of triadic elements and a secondary chord, a continuous secondary chord, the diminished 7th chord, It.6 chord and Ger.6 chord, etc that have a chromatic scale and colorful chord.
Mozart made use of musical techniques, for instance, distinct contrasts between both subjects, chromatic scales and counterpoints in order to achieve complete form and structures and rich expression.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• Ⅱ. 본론 = 3
• 1. 고전주의의 시대적 배경 = 3
• 2. 소나타의 발전단계와 고전주의 소나타형식의 특징 = 7
• 가. 소나타의 기원과 발전 = 7
• 나. 바로크 소나타 = 7
• 다. 전 고전주의 소나타 = 8
• 라. 고전주의 소나타 = 11
• 3. 모차르트 음악의 특징 = 15
• 4. 피아노 소나타에 나타난 시기별 특성 = 17
• 가. 제 1기 소나타 = 20
• 나. 제2기 소나타 = 45
• 다. 제3기 소나타 = 70
• 5. 시기별 대표 악곡 분석 = 89
• 가. 제1기 : K.283 = 89
• 나. 제2기 : K.333 = 104
• 다. 제3기 : K.576 = 125
• Ⅲ. 결론 = 145
• 참고문헌 = 147
• 영문초록 = 149