인공지능과 로봇기술의 노동시장 파급효과 분석을 위한 일자리 대체가능성 지수의 개발 = Developing an AI Job Replacement Index for Analyzing Labor Market Disruptions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The impact of artificial intelligence and the Fourth Industrial Revolution on employment is projected to be profound. These technologies are distinguished by their ability to automate not only routine and non-cognitive tasks but also cognitive and non-routine tasks. However, existing research has predominantly focused on the automation of routine non-cognitive tasks. This study aims to address the limitations of prior research by offering a more comprehensive analysis of the future labor market taking into account the combined effects of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies.
To achieve this, the study utilizes ONET data from the United States. This outlines the abilities and skills required for various job roles and additionally incorporates expert survey evaluations of how robotics and artificial intelligence can replace these skills and abilities, thereby deriving an AI job replacement index for each occupation. The study analyzes the anticipated changes and current status of the labor market in South Korea as well as potential future impacts based on this index.
The analysis reveals that over half of the jobs in the South Korean labor market are at risk of being replaced. Furthermore, there has been a declining trend in the proportion of jobs with high replacement potential over the past decade. Conversely, while jobs that are difficult to replace represent the smallest share of the labor market, their proportion has gradually increased. The findings of this study highlight the importance of policy efforts to mitigate labor market imbalances between occupations and facilitate job transitions, such as strengthening mechanisms that ease occupational shifts.

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