Roles of Sugars in Controlling Flowering Time

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Flowering time is influenced by environmentalfactors such as photosynthesis, temperature, nutrition, andwater. The main products of photosynthesis are sugars thatare mobilized to sink tissues to support plant growth anddifferentiation. They also function as signals to controlvarious types of metabolism and developmental processes.
One of the most important transitions in the plant life cycleis from the vegetative to reproductive phase. During thattransition, sucrose levels rise rapidly but transiently in thephloem and shoot apexes. For several species, the addition ofexogenous sucrose promotes flowering, possibly by acting asa main signal. Although other sugars, including glucose, alsoappear to be involved in this transition, evidence for theirroles in flowering is limited. In Arabidopsis thaliana,trehalose-6-phosphate serves as a signal to induce flowering.
However, its roles in other plants have not been reported.
Sucrose seems to function primarily in the leaf phloem toenhance the generation of florigens such as Flowering LocusT (FT) while trehalose-6-phosphate functions in the shootapical meristem to promote the flowering signal pathwaydownstream of those florigens.

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