18세기 상업의 사회－프랑스의 해상무역과 상인들의 세계－ = Socioeconomic Historiography of Eighteenth-Century French Maritime Commerce

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Eighteenth-century French commerce provides us with a window onto thepotentials of socioeconomic history in the context of the rise of ‘global history’.
With a view to offering such a window, this study puts forth an overview ofthe socioeconomic historiography of French overseas commerce by looking atthe most significant port cities of the century: Nantes, Bordeaux, La Rochelle,Marseille and more. The prime focus of this story is the entrepreneurs andworkers at sea involved in maritime commerce including slave trade. Ofparticular importance are their business strategies and their reactions to thechallenges brought about by the French revolutionary wars and the abolition ofslave trade at the end of the century. Moving beyond the Atlantic to cover theMediterranean and the Indian oceans and the North Sea, this study puts thedynamic forces of eighteenth-century French economy on view.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

18세기 프랑스의 상업은 “전구사/지구사(global history)”의 부흥과 함께 재도약을준비하는 사회경제사의 잠재력과 가능성을 잘 보여주는 주제다. 이에 본 연구는 낭트(Nantes), 보르도(Bordeaux), 라로셸(La Rochelle), 마르세유(Marseille) 등 주요항구도시를 기점으로 프랑스 상업이 진출한 대양 지역들의 사회경제사를 개괄한다. 18세기 해상무역, 특히 노예무역을 포함하는 식민지 무역에 종사한 상인들이 이 서사의주인공이 될 것이며, 그들의 사업 전략과 삶의 양식뿐 아니라 그들이 프랑스혁명기의전쟁과 노예제 폐지라는 충격파에 어떻게 대처했는지 또한 중점적으로 부각시킬 것이다. 또한 본 연구는 18세기 해상무역의 초점을 대서양에서 확장하여, 지중해ㆍ인도양ㆍ북해 무역의 함의를 고찰할 것이다. 이러한 상업 연구는 생산물 유통과 거래, 그에수반되는 온갖 경제활동, 그리고 그것에 참여하는 인간들의 생생한 모습을 통해 18세기 프랑스 경제의 역동성을 보여준다.

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