멕시코시티 대기오염 저감 정책과 대기측정망의 대기오염물질특성 연구 = A Study of Reducing Policy of Air Pollution and Characteristics of Air Pollutants Using an Air Pollution monitoring Network in Mexico city

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This converged research deals with atmosphere quality and character investigation with scientificapproach in Mexico City and focuses on what kinds of air pollution reduction policy has introducedand developed for Mexican Government since the early of 1980s. Through many policies introductionand its operation with adopted reduction programmes, this research also find out improvement resultsthrough scientific research method and analysis in depth, especially by using of ‘receptor model’accepted with the atmospheric materials from 25 monitoring posts with RAMA system and 13monitoring posts with REDMA networks. As a receptor model, this paper made the best use ofPrincipal Component Analysis(PCA) and Cluster Analysis(CA) as well. According to fieldmeasurement data accumulated by gas materials since the year of 1986, air pollution concentrationwith SO2(87%) and CO(80%) are sharply reduced respectively and the concentration of NO2 alsoidentify drop of 18%. After operation of RAMA system, the cases of O3 and PM10 also decreased39% and 22% respectively, however, the data shows a little bit fluctuation since the year of 2008.
The results of cluster analysis showed that the sites of RAMA system covered three and five groupsfor NO2 and SO2, respectively. For the spatial distribution, the concentrations of NO2 and SO2 werehigher in the Central and Northern Mexico city, respectively while O3 was higher in the Southernregion of the Mexico city. Finally, as a converged manner, this research identified the current limitsand challenges of air pollution reduction policy and environmental governance in Mexico.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 멕시코의 수도인 멕시코시티(Mexico City)의 대기질 특성과 대기오염의 심각성이해 및 멕시코 정부의 대기오염 저감을 위한 정책적 노력을 이해하기 위해 연구되었다. 특히대기질 특성 이해를 위해 수용모델을 적용하여 25개의 대기자동측정망(RAMA)과 13개의 기상자동측정망(REDMA) 자료를 분석하였으며 동시에 1980년대 이후 멕시코 정부의 다양한대기오염 저감 정책을 살펴보았다. 수용모델로는 주성분 분석과 군집 분석을 활용하였다.
1986년부터 축적된 기체상 물질의 측정 자료에 따르면 이산화황(SO2)과 일산화탄소(CO) 성분의 대기 농도는 각각 87%와 80%씩 급감하였고 이산화질소(NO2) 성분도 18% 감소하였다.
오존(O3)과 미세입자상물질(PM10)은 대기자동측정망 운영 이후 약 39%와 22%가 감소하였지만, 2008년 이후에는 증감을 반복하였다. 수용모델에서는 각 성분에 따라 대기자동측정소별유사성이 다른 것으로 평가되었다. 주성분 분석에서는 SO2와 NO2가 오염원에 따라 각각 5개와 3개 인자로 분류되었으며, 군집 분석에서는 O3과 PM10 그리고 CO 성분이 4∼6개의 그룹을 형성하였다. 기상자료의 군집 분석에서는 풍속과 풍향 또한 대기오염물질 증감에 기여하는것으로 평가되었다. 공간 분석 결과 북서지역과 중앙 지역은 각각 SO2와 NO2 성분의 분포율이 많았으며, 남서부지역은 O3의 농도가 높게 분포하였다.

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