대안영화로서의 제인 캠피온의 <피아노> = Jane Campion`s Piano as an Alternative Cinema

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The dominance of Hollywood`s film industry all thorough the world functions to diminish the film production of third worlds including independent and feminist film productions. This essay discusses the suppressive impact of mainstream Hollywood films on female and minority values and then thereby suggests the necessity of an alternative cinema. Hollywood films have idealized the obedient and, at the same time, sexually attractive female figures for the masculine desire. The critique of capitalistic and patriarchic Hollywood cinemas leads to seek for the production of alternative cinemas in which the values of women and minorities are not endangered. Produced by a third world, namely Australia, woman director Jane Campion, The Piano can be read as an alternative cinema to Hollywood films. Ada, the heroine of the film, does not have a speaking voice. Her communication with the world and other people is done through her body. The bodily communication without a speaking voice is a struggle to defend femininity in opposition to the dominant masculine order constructed by the male centered language as the Lacan`s notion of the name of the father suggests. The candid presentation of female and male bodies in the film meticulously undermines the ways of the sexual presentation of human bodies in Hollywood films. In the historical context of the film in the 19th century colonial world of Australia, the presentation of a trade privileging use values over exchange values is a critique of the Western capitalistic colonialism that has threatened the harmonious unity of man and nature in the indigenous society of Australian Aborigines.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 험, 메기, "페미니즘 이론 사전" 삼신각 1995

2 임현주, "코라:모성적 공간 In: 페미니즘과 정신분석" 여이언 2003

3 이진경, "자본을 넘어선 자본" 그린비 2004

4 마르크스, 칼, "자본론" 비봉출판사 2006

5 헤이워드, 수잔, "영화사전" 한나래 2007

6 양현미, "영화 <피아노> 다시 읽기: 『폭풍의 언덕』의 변형과 수용" 1 (1): 91-109, 2000

7 멀비, 로라, "시각적 쾌락과 내러티브 영화 In: 모더니즘 이후, 미술의 화두" 눈빛 429-447, 2004ㄴ

8 벨튼, 존, "미국 영화 미국 문화" 경문사 2003

9 박성아, "각색영화연구:『여자, 정혜』와『스캔들-조선남녀상열지사』를 중심으로" 동국 대학교 2007

10 ks, bell, "The Oppositional Gaze: Black Female Spectators In: Reading Images" Palgrave 2001

11 Bihlmeyer, Jaime, "The (Un)Speakable FEMINITY in Mainstream Movies: Jane Campion's The Piano" 44 (44): 68-88, 2005

12 Žižek, Slavoj, "Pornography, Nostalgia, Montage: A Triad of the Gaze, In: Reading Images" Palgrave 148-157, 2001

13 Lauretis, Teresa de, "Imaging In: Reading Images" Palgrave 102-108, 2001

14 Belton, John, "American Cinema American Culture" McGraw-Hill 2005

15 Ray, Robert B., "A Certain Tendency of the Hollywood Cinema 1930-1980" Princeton UP 1985