4차 산업혁명시대에 인공지능과 바른 목회 : homo deus와 ‘하나님의 영광’이라는 극과극의 두 모티프를 중심으로 = Artificial Intelligence and Sound Pastoring in the 4^th Industrial Revolution Era : Two Bipolar Motifs of “Glory of God” and homo deus

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Technological Singularitarians predict that by 2045 － the year that they point out for technological singularity － AI will be able to create more intelligent one than itself. They insist that, by repeating this self-evolution procedures, Super Artificial Intelligence, which has more intelligence than the sum of the entire humanity, will advent. If this is true, it must be almost impossible to distinguish humans from AI machines and vice versa. Thus, homo ex machina(human from machine) and homo est machina(human becoming machine) might come true. Singularitarians do not be hesitant to go further to argue that “if we have mechanical bodies, we can live forever, and finally become like gods.” By this deus ex machina, homo deus(human becomes god) is actualized.
In the era that prospects two extreme inevitable versions of the future either utopian or dystopian with regard to AI, how do we have to see this AI in the perspectives of pastoring and theology? If AI Pastor is invented, would it contribute to the inland pastoring and abroad missions? If so, would AI be advantageous or disadvantageous for pastoring and doing theology? This is the research question that underlies at the bottom of this article.
The arguments that technological singularitarians insist, with regard to AI, can be summarized mainly into three points. First, they argue that AI can have mind. This means AI not only can have thought and mind like humans but human existence and consciousness can be also moved to AI since it can hold human mind. Secondly, singularitarians assert that people can live forever by the help of the development of AI. Due to the progression of medical technology, as people replace parts of their vehicles, they could reinstate the parts of their bodies with the organs that have been cultivated by the somatic cell nuclear transfer, or with nano-robots that are engineered by nano-technology. Furthermore, they insist that even human brain can be replaced with machine. Thirdly, for the exponential development of AI, while claiming that the 2^nd law of thermodynamics can not be applied to our open system universe, we all residing in AI will be like gods. In sum, for atheists singularitarians, “there is no God, but they will all become like gods by the help of machines.” It is, however, denied in this article for two reasons: Frist of all, Moore’s law, which is the core theory to insist technological singularity, is recently expired. Second of all, their arguments are against the 2^nd law of thermodynamics for the universe is a closed system according to most of renowned physicists.
To argue this, it is firstly examined that homo deus is improbable to be achieved scientifically. And then, it is argued that pastoring is, intrinsically, to pursue “the glory of God” not “self-glorification” or “self-deification,” as it is shown that homo deus is in along with violated pastoring of many heretic cults. Lastly, by the assessment regarding AI as “cyber-gnosticism” or “mind-body dualism” is not appropriate, the utility and feasibility of application of AI to pastoring for “glory of God” is dealt. It is to clarify that in the forthcoming, or even already came, the 4^th Industrial Revolution, if AI is rightly used as medicine － of course, it could be poison if it is misused or abused － it can be a precious tool for the Kingdom of God.

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