경찰신뢰에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A Study on the Factors Influencing Police Trust - Including both Individual-level and Country-level Variables - Park, Jung-Ho Advisor : Prof. Choi Sun-Woo, Ph.D. Department of Police ‧ Law ‧ Administration Graduate School of Gwangju University This dissertation investigates individual- and c-level factors influencing trust in the police and offers actionable policy recommendations to enhance such trust. Trust in the police is a critical component of public safety, the legitimacy of security operations, government trust, and social stability. Despite its importance, police trust is not solely determined by individual experiences or specific events but is shaped by a complex interplay of personal, societal, and structural factors. Utilizing data from the World Values Survey and the Fragile States Index, this research applies hierarchical linear modeling to examine the independent and interactive effects of individual- and country-level variables on police trust. At the individual level, variables such as gender, age, education, social class, direct and indirect experiences of crime victimization, and fear of crime were found to significantly influence police trust. Higher fear of crime and experiences of victimization were associated with lower levels of trust in the police. Notably, males exhibited higher trust compared to females, lower social classes showed greater trust than higher social classes, and higher education levels corresponded to increased trust. At the country level, democratic immaturity, inadequate public services, and human rights violations emerged as significant determinants of police trust. In particular, individuals in countries with insufficient public services reported higher trust in the police, whereas those in nations characterized by immature democracies or frequent human rights violations exhibited lower trust levels. Furthermore, significant interaction effects were identified. For example, in countries with low-quality public services, the negative impact of individual fear of crime on police trust was more pronounced. These findings underscore the multidimensional and interactive nature of police trust, highlighting its role in fostering trust within communities and governments. Policy implications include providing robust support for crime victims, enhancing communication between the police and the public, and improving security services for disadvantaged groups. On a broader scale, promoting democratic systems, enhancing public service quality, and cultivating a culture of respect for human rights are essential. Furthermore, designing community-specific policies in tandem with addressing systemic country issues is imperative. This research contributes to the academic understanding of police trust and offers practical insights for formulating policies aimed at strengthening the relationship between communities and the police, thereby advancing societal stability. Keywords: Police trust, Linear hieralchial model, State legitimacy, Public services, Human rights

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 1
• 제1절 연구의 목적 1
• 제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 4
• 1. 연구의 범위 4
• 2. 연구의 방법 5
• 제2장 연구의 이론적 배경 7
• 제1절 경찰신뢰에 관한 논의· 7
• 1. 경찰신뢰의 개념 7
• 2. 경찰신뢰의 중요성 9
• 제2절 경찰신뢰 관련 이론 11
• 1. 개인수준 접근 이론· 11
• 2. 국가수준 접근 이론· 23
• 제3절 선행연구의 검토 32
• 제3장 연구의 설계 및 방법· 34
• 제1절 연구의 설계 34
• 1. 연구의 모형 34
• 2. 연구의 가설 35
• 제2절 연구자료 및 연구대상 37
• 1. 연구자료 37
• 2. 연구대상 39
• 제3절 변수의 조작적 정의와 측정· 40
• 1. 준거변수 40
• 2. 예측변수 41
• 제4절 분석방법 45
• 1. 기술통계분석과 상관관계 분석 45
• 2. 독립표본 T-검정과 ANOVA(일원배치분산) 분석· 45
• 3. 위계적 선형모형(HLM) 분석 45
• 제4장 연구결과의 분석 및 논의 49
• 제1절 주요변수의 기술통계 및 특성 49
• 1. 인구통계학적 특성 분석 50
• 2. 개인수준 예측변수의 일반적 특성 53
• 3. 국가수준 예측변수의 일반적 특성 59
• 4. 상관관계 분석 65
• 제2절 위계적 선형모형(HLM) 분석· 67
• 1. 기초모형 분석결과 67
• 2. 중간모형 : 개인수준 모형 분석결과· 68
• 3. 결합모형 : 개인 및 국가수준 모형 분석결과 70
• 제3절 분석결과의 논의 76
• 1. 연구대상자의 경찰신뢰· 76
• 2. 집단별 경찰신뢰의 차이 76
• 3. 개인수준의 변수가 경찰신뢰에 미치는 영향 77
• 4. 국가수준의 변수가 경찰신뢰에 미치는 영향 79
• 제4절 가설 채택 여부의 검증 80
• 제5장 결 론 82
• 참고문헌 93
• 부록 103