Power extraction efficiency optimization of horizontal-axis wind turbines through optimizing control parameters of yaw control systems using an intelligent method

Song, Dongran,Fan, Xinyu,Yang, Jian,Liu, Anfeng,Chen, Sifan,Joo, Young Hoon Elsevier 2018 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.224 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To optimize the power extraction from the wind, horizontal-axis wind turbines are normally manipulated by the yaw control system to track the wind direction. How is the potential power extraction efficiency of such wind turbines related to the parameter optimization of a yaw control system? We intend to answer this question in this study. First, we develop two control systems, a direct measurement-based conventional logic control (Control system 1), and a soft measurement-based advanced model predictive control (Control system 2). Then, a multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization-based method is introduced to optimize control parameters and search for the Pareto Front, which represents different potential performance. On this basis, result investigation and analysis are carried out on an electrical yaw system of China Ming Yang 1.5 MW wind turbines based on three wind directions with different variations. Experimental results show that, under a large wind direction variation and with a 14% yaw actuator usage, 0.32% and 0.8% more power extraction efficiency are gained by Control system 1 and 2, respectively, after optimization. The achievable power extraction efficiency for the two yaw control systems goes down when the allowable yaw actuator usage is reduced. For instance, when the yaw actuator usage is 14%, 4.9% and 2%, the efficiency is 97.19%, 96.76% and 96.37% for Control system 1, and is 97.73%, 96.76% and 95.45% for Control system 2, respectively. Therefore, Control system 2 takes precedence over Control system 1 for having higher efficiency when the allowable yaw actuator usage is more than 4.9%. We also find that the potential power extraction efficiency of the two control systems is significantly influenced by the wind direction variation, that is, the optimized efficiency under small wind direction variation is 1.5% higher than that under large wind direction variation. In addition, the parameters of Control system 1 need to be re-optimized according to the wind condition, whereas the ones of Control system 2 may not. Finally, a novel yaw control strategy employing the optimized parameters as the query tables is suggested for the real applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Two favorable yaw control systems are developed and optimized. </LI> <LI> Intelligent optimization method is proposed to optimize the potential performance. </LI> <LI> Power extraction efficiency is optimized by 0.32% and 0.8% for two control systems. </LI> <LI> Optimized efficiency under small wind variation is 1.5% more than the large variation one. </LI> <LI> Novel yaw control strategy employing optimized parameters is suggested. </LI> </UL> </P>

PSO-PID를 이용한 시소 시스템의 위치제어기 구현

손용두(Yong Doo Son),방상우(Sang Woo Bang),손준익(Jun Ik Son),임영도(Young Do Lim) 한국정보기술학회 2009 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2009 No.-

본 논문에서는 PSO-PID를 이용하여 시소 시스템의 균형을 위한 PID 위치 제어기를 설계하고자 한다. 시소시스템은(Seesaw System) 선박 및 항공 역학, 도립진자, 각종 분석, 로봇 시스템 등의 해석에 광범위하게 응용되는 시스템이자 현대 제어 시스템의 이론과 각종 응용문제를 취급할 수 있는 장치이다. 또한 비선형성이 강한 제어 대상이므로 시스템의 이해와 해석, 그리고 파라미터의 정확한 선정이 필수요소이다. 본 논문에서 사용할 시스템 제어 알고리즘으로는 간단하고 안정성이 보장된 PID 제어와 정확하고 빠른 PID 파라미터 동조에 필요한 연산 최적화 알고리즘인 PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization) 통해 외란이나 제어기의 변화에 빠르게 적응할 수 있도록 하여 성능과 안정성을 보장한다. In this paper, Position Controller for balance of Seesaw System design using PID Algorithm. Seesaw System is that it's system use widely to analyze of ship or flight dynamics, Inverted Pendulum and, Robot System, manage system for theory of modern control system and all sorts of analysis. In case of Seesaw System, it's necessity that understand and analysis of system and correct selection of parameter because the system is strong nonlinear control system. It guarantees efficiency and stability to adapt quickly for disturbance or change of controller from PID Algorithm of guarantee safe from simple and long history and PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization) that sort of metaheuristic optimization that need to accuracy and fast PID parameter tuning.

하이브리드 중간층 지진 격리 시스템과 빌딩 구조물의 동시 최적화

강주원,김현수 한국공간구조학회 2019 한국공간구조학회지 Vol.19 No.3

A hybrid mid-story seismic isolation system with a smart damper has been proposed to mitigate seismic responses of tall buildings. Based on previous research, a hybrid mid-story seismic isolation system can provide effective control performance for reduction of seismic responses of tall buildings. Structural design of the hybrid mid-story seismic isolation system is generally performed after completion of structural design of a building structure. This design concept is called as an iterative design which is a general design process for structures and control devices. In the iterative design process, optimal design solution for the structure and control system is changed at each design stage. To solve this problem, the integrated optimal design method for the hybrid mid-story seismic isolation system and building structure was proposed in this study. An existing building with mid-story isolation system, i.e. Shiodome Sumitomo Building, was selected as an example structure for more realistic study. The hybrid mid-story isolation system in this study was composed of MR (magnetorheological) dampers. The stiffnessess and damping coefficients of the example building, maximum capacity of MR damper, and stiffness of isolation bearing were simultaneously optimized. Multi-objective genetic optimization method was employed for the simultaneous optimization of the example structure and the mid-story seismic isolation system. The optimization results show that the simultaneous optimization method can provide better control performance than the passive mid-story isolation system with reduction of structural materials.

Research on the Enterprise Performance Management Information System Development and Robustness Optimization based on Data Regression Analysis and Mathematical Optimization Theory

Lei Liu,Hua Yang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.4

Performance management is core part of enterprise human resources management, for any organization or enterprise a good, the secret to its success lies in the effective performance management. Through the enterprise performance management, it can motivate employees, improve employee satisfaction, will help the staff's personal goals combined with enterprise strategy, realize the goal of the enterprise and the balance of personal development, promote enterprise realize sustainable development. In this paper, we conduct research on enterprise performance management information system development and the robustness optimization based on data regression analysis and mathematical optimization theory. We firstly review the modern regression analysis approaches for large-scale data with the introduction of our proposed revised regression model for enterprises. Later, we summarize the state-of-the-art mathematical optimization models to select the most feasible one to serve as the tool for our system. Then, we analyze the performance of the current existing performance management information system and adopt the prior knowledge to optimize the system. The experimental result proves the feasibility and effectiveness of our system. The performance evaluation accuracy is enhanced from 86.7% to 93.5% and the system robustness is enhanced as well.

자가적응 화음탐색 알고리즘을 이용한 복합형 최적 구조제어 시스템 설계

박원석 한국전산구조공학회 2018 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.31 No.6

이 논문에서는 다중 재난을 고려한 복합 구조제어 시스템의 최적 설계방법을 제시한다. 한 가지 유형의 위험에 대해 하나의 시스템이 설계되는 전형적인 구조제어 시스템과는 달리, 구조물의 지진 및 바람에 의한 진동응답을 저감하기 위해 능동 및 수동제어 시스템에 대한 동시 최적 설계방법을 제안하였다. 수치 예로서, 30층 빌딩 구조물에 설치된 30개의 점성 댐퍼와 복합형 질량 감쇠기에 대한 최적 설계문제를 보였다. 최적화 문제를 풀기 위해 자체적응 화음탐색(harmony search, HS)알고리즘을 채택하였다. 화음탐색 알고리즘은 사람이 연주하는 악기의 튜닝 과정을 모방한 전역 최적화를 위한 메타 휴리스틱 진화 연산방법의 하나이다. 또한 전역 탐색 및 빠른 수렴을 위해 자가적응적이고 동적인 매개변수 조정 알고리즘을 도입하였다. 최적화 설계 결과, 능동 및 수동 시스템이 독립적으로 최적화된 표준적인 복합제어 시스템에 비해 제안한 동시 최적제어 시스템의 성능과 효율성이 우수함을 보였다. This paper presents an optimal design method of a hybrid structural control system considering multi-hazard. Unlike a typical structural control system in which one system is designed for one specific type of hazard, a simultaneous optimal design method for both active and passive control systems is proposed for the mitigation of seismic and wind induced vibration responses of structures. As a numerical example, an optimal design problem is illustrated for a hybrid mass damper(HMD) and 30 viscous dampers which are installed on a 30 story building structure. In order to solve the optimization problem, a self-adaptive Harmony Search(HS) algorithm is adopted. Harmony Search algorithm is one of the meta-heuristic evolutionary methods for the global optimization, which mimics the human player's tuning process of musical instruments. A self-adaptive, dynamic parameter adjustment algorithm is also utilized for the purpose of broad search and fast convergence. The optimization results shows that the performance and effectiveness of the proposed system is superior with respect to a reference hybrid system in which the active and passive systems are independently optimized.

150㎾급 열병합발전 하이브리드 시스템 최적화 연구

최재준(Jaejoon Choi),김혁주(Hyukjoo Kim),정대헌(Daeheon Jung),박화춘(Hwa-Choon Park) 대한설비공학회 2008 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.2

The importance of the more efficient cogeneration system is emphasized. Also the more clean energy is needed at recent energy system. The cogeneration system using Lean burn engine is more preferred to the system using Rich burn engine because of the electrical efficiency. Although the cogeneration system using Lean burn engine is economically preferred, because of the NOx emission level, the system using Rich burn engine with 3-way catalyst can only be used in Korea. The NOx regulation level is 50ppm at oxygen level 13%. The cogeneration hybrid system using Lean burn engine is up to be optimized because of the large amount of the extra-fuel at the after-burner system. The after-burner system at different concept was applied. The reduction time for the activation temperature of the DeNOx catalyst was achieved by making a hole between the combustor and boiler. Because of the lowered fuel consumption, the lowered temperature level was optimized by blocking the hole of the boiler The optimized cogeneration hybrid system consumes 76Nm³/h LNG to produce 150㎾ electricity compared to before optimization 103Nm³/h LNG. The system was accurately evaluated and the result is following ; 90% total efficiency, below 10 ppm NOx, 50ppm CO, 25ppm HC. The cogeneration hybrid system can meet the current NOx level and exhaust gas regulation. It can achieve the clean combustion gas and efficient cogeneration system.

시스템다이내믹스 시뮬레이션에서의 동적 최적화에 관한 연구

남광식,문성암 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2022 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.23 No.4

For the optimization of system dynamics simulation, only one optimal policy has been calculated through simulation by applying static optimization. This method does not reflect the reality that the policy changes depending on the point of time, so it may not be the optimal value at a specific point in time. Therefore, this study proposes a method to calculate the optimal policy for each time point by using dynamic optimization in the system dynamics simulation. For the simulation, a fixed order quantity inventory management model was built using the system dynamics software (Vensim). Dynamic optimization was limited in implementation in Vensim, so the optimal reorder point (ROP) was calculated at each time point using data analysis software (Python). This study is meaningful in that it presented a method to apply dynamic optimization in system dynamics simulation by linking Vensim and Python. It is expected that it will be used as a tool to support real-time policy making in public institutions and the private sector in the future.

반고정식 PV 시스템의 운영 스케줄 도출 및 그에 따른 발전 효율 변화 고찰

곽인규,문선혜,허정호 한국태양에너지학회 2017 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.37 No.6

The amount of solar irradiation obtained by a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel is the major factor determining the power generated by a PV system, and the array tilt angle is critical for maximizing panel radiation acquisition. There are three types of PV systems based on the manner of setting the array tilt angle: fixed, semi-fixed, and tracking systems. A fixed system cannot respond to seasonal solar altitude angle changes, and therefore cannot absorb the maximum available solar radiation. The tracking system continually adjusts the tilt angle to absorb the maximum available radiation, but requires additional cost for equipment, installation, operation, and maintenance. The semi-fixed system is only adjusted periodically (usually seasonally) to obtain more energy than a fixed system at an overall cost that is less than a tracking system. To maximize semi-fixed system efficiency, determining the optimal tilt angle adjustment schedule are required. In this research, we conducted a simulation to derive an optimal operation schedule for a semi-fixed system in Seoul, Korea (latitude 37.5˚). We implemented a solar radiation acquisition model and PV genereation model on MATLAB. The optimal operation schedule was derived by changing the number of tilt angle adjustments throughout a year using a Dynamic Algorithm. The results show that adjusting the tilt angle 4 times a year was the most appropriate. and then, generation amount of PV system increased 2.80% compared with the fixed system. This corresponds to 99% compared to daily adjustment m

다단계 목표계획법을 이용한 복합구조제어시스템의 통합최적설계

박관순,고현무,옥승용 한국지진공학회 2003 한국지진공학회논문집 Vol.7 No.5

이 연구에서는 지진하중을 받는 빌딩구조물에 대한 복합구조제어시스템의 최적설계방법을 제시한다. 복합구조제어시스템의 설계는 구조물의 부재뿐만 아니라 수동제어시스템 및 능동제어시스템의 용량 및 위치 최적화 과정으로 정의된다. 최적설계는 이 연구에서 제안된 다단계 목표계획법(Multi-Stage Goal Programming)을 이용하여 최적화문제를 정식화하고 목표갱신 유전자알고리즘(Goal-Updating Genetic Algorithm을 적용하여 합리적인 최적화를 진행해가는 과정으로 구성된다. 다단계 목표계획법에서는 구조물의 층간 상대변위와 제어시스템의 용량에 대한 설계목표를 여러 단계로 선정하고, 각 물리량과 설계목표간의 정규화된 거리 합으로서 목적함수를 정의한다. 목표갱신 유전자알고리즘은 각 단계별 설계목표를 만족하는 최적해를 검색하고, 현 단계의 모든 설계목표를 만족하는 최적해가 존재할 경우 설계목표를 순차적으로 갱신함으로써 보다 상위수준의 설계목표로 접근해 나아간다. 지진하중을 받는 9층의 빌딩구조물에 대한 수치 예를 통하여 복합구조제어시스템의 통합최적설계 과정을 기술하였고, 구조부재, 수동 및 능동제어시스템이 균등분포된 구조물과 최적 설계결과를 비교하여 제시하는 방법의 효율성을 검증하였다. An optimal design method for hybrid structural control system of building structures subject to earthquake excitation is presented in this paper. Designing a hybrid structural control system may be defined as a process that optimizes the capacities and configuration of passive and active control systems as well as structural members. The optimal design proceeds by formulating the optimization problem via a multi-stage goal programming technique and, then, by finding reasonable solution to the optimization problem by means of a goal-updating genetic algorithm. In the multi-stage goal programming, design targets(or goals) are at first selected too correspond too several stages and the objective function is th n defined as the sum of the normalized distances between these design goals and each of the physical values, that is, the inter-story drifts and the capacities of the control system. Finally, the goal-updating genetic algorithm searches for optimal solutions satisfying each stage of design goals and, if a solution exists, the levels of design goals are consecutively updated to approach the global optimal solution closest too the higher level of desired goals. The process of the integrated optimization design is illustrated by a numerical simulation of a nine-story building structure subject to earthquake excitation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by comparing the optimally designed results with those of a hybrid structural control system where structural members, passive and active control systems are uniformly distributed.

Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy Power System for Remote Installations: Case Studies for Mountain and Island

BHANDARIBINAYAK,안성훈,안태봉 한국정밀공학회 2016 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.17 No.6

Various efforts are in progress to curb global warming and climate change. One of the solutions is to cut emission of CO2 from power plants. Decentralized power from renewable energy sources are ideal solution. This paper provides detail optimization procedure based on linear programming; for minimizing operation cost by utilizing maximum potential of REPS, and taking into consideration monthly fluctuation on generation and electricity demand. Hybrid system consisting of Hydropower, Photovoltaic and, Wind systems were taken into consideration for the optimization. Optimizations were performed for two cases, first being a remote mountainous Thingan village in Nepal and second a fairly large Ulleungdo island in South Korea. The two cases differ in demand scale, energy use, renewable energy potential, and geographic location. The optimization result show that for the HRES in Thingan, the Hydro power, Wind Power and PV power system should be 26.85 kW, 2.11 kW and 3.48 kW respectively. Similarly for Ulleungdo, optimized result for Hydro power, Wind Power and PV power was found to be 825 kW, 1291 kW and 1107 kW respectively. The optimization results indicate that the optimized hybrid system can help to completely switch from current fossil fuel dependence power system to renewable energy based power system in wide geography.