The effects of egocentric and allocentric representations on presence and perceived realism: Tested in stereoscopic 3D games

Bae, S.,Lee, H.,Park, H.,Cho, H.,Park, J.,Kim, J. Butterworths ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 INTERACTING WITH COMPUTERS Vol.24 No.4

Recently, stereoscopic 3D technologies have come to be used widely in various applications including movies and computer games. Stereoscopic 3D is defined as that which provides visual depth and details by exploiting the stereoscopic vision of the eyes caused by binocular disparity. Prior studies proposed important system features of stereoscopic 3D that may increase the user's sense of presence. However, few studies, either theoretical or empirical, have investigated how these perceived system features affect the user's sense of presence. This study aims to construct a theoretical model that explains the perceived effects of stereoscopic 3D features on sense of presence, and to verify the validity of the model in the 3D computer game domain. The study focuses on spatial representation and perceived realism as important mediating factors between the perceived system features and sense of presence. According to the Dual Mode Model (DMM), two types of spatial representation are crucial for perceived realism and presence: egocentric representation and allocentric representation. Egocentric representation implies representing locations with respect to the particular perspective of the perceiver, while allocentric representation locates reference points outside of the perceiver, regardless of his or her position. Research questions in this study are: How strongly do perceived expression and manipulation features of stereoscopic 3D systems influence spatial representation? How does spatial representation influence perceived realism and presence in a stereoscopic 3D environment? In order to answer these research questions an empirical study was conducted in a controlled lab environment. A total number of 257 users participated in the study and collected data was analyzed by using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS2.0. The findings are as follows: First, both the perceived expression and manipulation features of the stereoscopic 3D system influenced spatial representation, but the perceived expression features had stronger effects than the perceived manipulation features. Second, both egocentric and allocentric representation were found to affect presence. In addition, egocentric representation was found to affect sense of presence both directly and indirectly through perceived realism, whereas allocentric representation contributed a sense of presence only indirectly through perceived realism. This paper concludes by discussing the study's limitations and implications.

Graphical Representation of the Instantaneous Compensation Power Flow for Single-Phase Active Power Filters

정영국 대한전기학회 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.6

The conventional graphical representation of the instantaneous compensation power flow for single-phase active power filters(APFs) simply represents the active power flow and the reactive power flow which flowing between the power source and the active filter / the load. But, this method does not provide the information about the rectification mode and the compensation mode of APFs,especially, the loss for each mode was not considered at all. This is very important to understand the compensation operation characteristics of APFs. Therefore, this paper proposes the graphical representation of the instantaneous compensation power flow for single-phase APFs considering the instantaneous rectification mode and the instantaneous inversion mode. Three cases are verified in this paper - without compensation, with compensation of the active power ‘p’ and the fundamental reactive power ‘q’, and with compensation of only the distorted power ‘h’. To ensure the validity of the proposed approach, PSIM simulation is achieved. As a result, we could confirm that the proposed approach was easy to explain the instantaneous compensation power flow considering the instantaneous rectification mode and the instantaneous inversion mode of APFs, also, Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)/Power Factor (P.F) and Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) analysis were compared for each case.

Graphical Representation of the Instantaneous Compensation Power Flow for Single-Phase Active Power Filters

Jung, Young-Gook The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.6

The conventional graphical representation of the instantaneous compensation power flow for single-phase active power filters(APFs) simply represents the active power flow and the reactive power flow which flowing between the power source and the active filter / the load. But, this method does not provide the information about the rectification mode and the compensation mode of APFs, especially, the loss for each mode was not considered at all. This is very important to understand the compensation operation characteristics of APFs. Therefore, this paper proposes the graphical representation of the instantaneous compensation power flow for single-phase APFs considering the instantaneous rectification mode and the instantaneous inversion mode. Three cases are verified in this paper - without compensation, with compensation of the active power 'p' and the fundamental reactive power 'q', and with compensation of only the distorted power 'h'. To ensure the validity of the proposed approach, PSIM simulation is achieved. As a result, we could confirm that the proposed approach was easy to explain the instantaneous compensation power flow considering the instantaneous rectification mode and the instantaneous inversion mode of APFs, also, Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)/Power Factor (P.F) and Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) analysis were compared for each case.

Graphical Representation of the Instantaneous Compensation Power Flow for Single-Phase Active Power Filters

Young-Gook Jung 대한전기학회 2013 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.8 No.6

The conventional graphical representation of the instantaneous compensation power flow for single-phase active power filters(APFs) simply represents the active power flow and the reactive power flow which flowing between the power source and the active filter / the load. But, this method does not provide the information about the rectification mode and the compensation mode of APFs, especially, the loss for each mode was not considered at all. This is very important to understand the compensation operation characteristics of APFs. Therefore, this paper proposes the graphical representation of the instantaneous compensation power flow for single-phase APFs considering the instantaneous rectification mode and the instantaneous inversion mode. Three cases are verified in this paper - without compensation, with compensation of the active power ‘p’ and the fundamental reactive power ‘q’, and with compensation of only the distorted power ‘h’. To ensure the validity of the proposed approach, PSIM simulation is achieved. As a result, we could confirm that the proposed approach was easy to explain the instantaneous compensation power flow considering the instantaneous rectification mode and the instantaneous inversion mode of APFs, also, Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)/Power Factor (P.F) and Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) analysis were compared for each case.

『리어왕』에 나타난 재현 방식의 파라고네와 상호작용

오수진 한국중세근세영문학회 2014 고전·르네상스 영문학 Vol.23 No.2

In Shakespeare’s plays, Shakespeare often sets up the paragone two mimetic representations-the relationship between a visual and a verbal representation or drama and narrative. Shakespeare’s plays often imply drama’ superiority to narrative as a mode of representation while they expose drama’s reliance upon and affinity with narrative. This article explores the paragone and interplay between visual and verbal modes of representation in King Lear. Through Edmund and Edgar, Shakespeare comes to examine different modes of representation and even suggests that the modes are not as different as they appear to be, especially in presenting his own artistry. In the first of the play, Edmund uses a forged letter so that his father may believe that Edgar tries to assassinate him. Edmund’s forged letter and his false report generate the illusion of a real and enable Edmund to succeed in tricking Gloucester as well as Edgar. Moreover Edmund’s blood with the visual immediacy has an immense effect on persuading Gloucester, which means visual signs in the theatre can be false. In Act 4 Scene 6, Edgar constructs the fake Dover cliff on the bare stage to prevent Gloucester’s suicide, where his deceptive narrative is much more elaborate than Edmund’s visual and verbal false. Though Edgar’s verbal description on the absent Dover cliff is an illusion, it is possible that Gloucester and even audience(or readers) allow themselves to be seduced by the narrative. Blind Gloucester should rely upon Edgar’s vivid narrative and audience should imagine the scene in the mind’ eye. In King Lear, Shakespeare experiences different modes of representation, which does not demonstrate one is better than the other. Shakespeare stubbornly explores the interplay between visual and verbal modes of representation and blurs the distinction between them in his plays and requires his spectators and readers to imagine this extraordinary different modes of verisimilitude.

심포지엄 : 미학에 있어서 재현의 문제 ; 재현의 기호학적 이해와 형상적 미술론

신항식 ( Hang Sik Shin ) 한국미학예술학회 2005 미학예술학연구 Vol.22 No.-

The actual critical questions of representation are associated with the crisis of political power of the American logical positivists. Their philosophy became weakened in every social sphere and developed by themselves its critical post modern trends without notice. The reason is very simple; their demoniac and imprudent vision of the world. Their main purpose of researching the social facts is not to show a probable or real relationship of the method to these facts, but is to pursue their own profits and desires to the world society. This contradiction between the representational logic and their anti-representational, that is to say, auto generative behaviors comes down to develop some self-deceiving visions in everyday life and in scientific area. Informal opinions dominate naturally formal ones in the governmental and economical Administration, Universities etc. As a pretext, formal opinion pass softly by. The contemporary arts are the results of self-deceiving visions of the American logical positivists. The former accepted the reality-represented that the latter displaced as a fraud, whereas refused real realities to have to represent. This is the reason why comtemporary arts have their own auto generative rules exactly as is in the American logical positivists. To refuse and to fake the reality are a same attitude and divide equally same desire; to possess the world in their pocket. The crisis of representation is not a crisis of the world or of the Man but the one of the American logical positivists` mind. And I give the same conclusion for the American contemporary arts as I described in a similar manner for this one. Some defiant acts are necessary today for the purpose of overcoming this auto generative logic of representation shared by American scientific attitude as well as their contemporary arts trends.

공기 압력에 대한 초등영재 학생들의 과학그리기 및 과학글쓰기에서 구성된 과학적 설명과 어포던스 분석 - 다중모드적 표상의 교육적 활용 -

장진아,박준형,박지선 한국초등과학교육학회 2023 초등과학교육 Vol.42 No.1

Scientific explanation is composed of various representations such as texts, diagrams, and graphs, and each representation contributes to expanding scientific meaning by connecting similar but slightly different meanings as a ‘mode’. Based on this perspective of social semiotics, we aimed to identify the characteristics of meaning formation demonstrated in students’ science writing (verbal mode) and science drawing (visual mode) and to discuss the pedagogical use of multimodal representations. To that end, 18 science drawings and 18 scientific writings constructed by science-gifted elementary students on air pressure were collected. The characteristics of the drawn and written explanations were then analyzed from the affordance perspective in social semiotics. In science drawing, students showed a tendency to use the affordance of the visual mode to infer concrete changes from the particle view, such as the movement of air particles, the number of air particles, and the collision of particles. In science writing, students used the affordance of the verbal mode mainly to infer the causal relationship between the concept of air pressure and other related factors at an abstract level. Based on those results, we discuss the educational implications and provide concrete examples of how to use the unique affordances of each form to complement one another.

Variation of Global Coherence on Propagation in Coherent Mode Representation

Kim, Ki-Sik,Park, Dae-Yoon Optical Society of Korea 2006 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.10 No.4

The variation of global coherence on propagation plane by plane is examined in the framework of coherent mode representation. It is explained through concrete examples that the global coherence may in general be enhanced, may be reduced, or may not change. When the mode functions form a complete set and the corresponding eigenvalues are in nitely degenerate, there necessarily develops a certain amount of global coherence on propagation, which is the essence of van Cittert-Zernike theorem. The propagation generates a certain pattern of the eigenvalue spectrum from the initial flat one and this is shown to be related to the non-unitarity of the propagation kernel.

초등 1∼2학년군 교과서 음악제재에서 표상양식별 학습 관련성 분석

함희주(Ham, Heeju) 공주교육대학교 글로벌인재교육센터 2019 교육실습연구 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구는 표상양식별 음악학습의 필요성과 초등학교 통합교과 교과서의 음악 제재에서 표상양식의 활용을 분석한 것이다. 연구 내용은 첫째, 표상양식별 음악학습 이론과 초등 학습에서의 필요성, 둘째, 초등 1∼2학년의 음악 교수 ․ 학습 방식, 셋째, 통합교과 교과서의 음악활동 분석을 통해본 표상양식별 학습의 적용현황, 넷째, 연구결과가 교사교육과정과 교육실습에 주는 시사점 제시이다. 연구 결과, 초등 음악 학습에서 표상양식별 학습은 효과적인 것이며, 통합 교과 교과서에 수록된 음악 학습제재에서 표상양식의 활용은 영상적, 상징적, 작동적 양식의 순으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 초등 저학년 단계에서 표상적 학습은 초등학습에서 음악 지식의 구조를 이해시키기 위한 적절한 방법으로 좀 더 다양하게 적용하는 것이 필요하다. 이 결과를 실행하기 위해서는 교사의 역할이 중요하다는 점을 인식하여 교사교육과정에서 전문적 교수이론을 적용시키기 위해 교육실습을 잘 활용해야 함을 시사한다. This study is to examine the necessity of the generative learning theory for teaching music and analyze the ‘pleasant life school textbooks which are the elementary school integrated textbooks. These integrated textbooks are considered to be appropriate for examining the application of this theory. The analysis of the study is focused on the following three aspects with consideration of the generative learning theory for the first and second graders. Firstly, this study is focused on the investigation of the generative music learning theory and its necessity for learning music. Secondly, the music teaching and learning styles of the elementary first and second graders are analyzed. Thirdly, the present status of the generative learning applied in these textbooks is examined. The major result of the study shows that most used modes of representation in presenting music learning materials in the textbooks were in the order of visual, symbolic, and operational modes.

Dryden’s Topographical Imagination in Marriage à la Mode: Spacing, Privacy and Theatricality

최재민 한국중세근세영문학회 2010 고전·르네상스 영문학 Vol.19 No.1

In an attempt to challenge the conventional understanding of Restoration tragicomedy, this paper explores discursive and spatial constructions of privacy in John Dryden’s Marriage à la Mode. Noting the uneasy juxtaposition of the two concepts of privacy in Dryden’s comedy, this paper calls attention to Restoration court culture of 1670s in which Dryden had to strike an uneasy balance act between the receding pastoral world and the emerging libertinism. By placing pastoral lovers and libertine couples in the same royal court, Dryden vividly captures the precarious cohabitation of two opposing (private) worlds. To illustrate the significance of this topographical structure, this paper draws upon Freudian reading of human psyche, in which the ego has to put a rein on two unruly assertions both from the superego and the unconscious. While trying not to lose sight of the fact that Dryden was apparently unfavorable to the emergence of libertinism and its subversive use of pastoral/heroic language, this paper concludes that the significance of Dryden’s Marriage à la Mode lies in its faithful dramatization of the historical moment in which the private started to establish its association with the sexual.