Capturing Perceived Characteristics of the Built Environment Using Artificial Intelligence and Urban Big Data

화이 한양대학교 대학원 2025 국내박사

Urban expansion is accelerating worldwide, with two-thirds of the global population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, implying that the urban built environment will affect the majority of humanity. This rapid transformation has profound implications for mental and emotional well-being, as the prioritization of economic growth over sustainability has degraded urban quality, creating dense, chaotic environments that heighten stress, anxiety, and other psychological health risks. Traditional urban analytics tools struggle to address the complexity of modern cities, limiting planners' ability to design responsive and inclusive urban spaces. Insufficient scientific frameworks to assess how the built environment influences mental and emotional health further exacerbate this challenge, often resulting in designs that neglect the psychological needs of urban dwellers. Against this backdrop, this dissertation investigates the perceived characteristics of the built environment and their impact on psychological well-being in urban contexts. It addresses two primary questions: (1) How do individuals perceive various aspects of urban environments? and (2) What is the relationship between these perceptions and mental health outcomes? Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates quantitative urban big data analysis with qualitative community survey insights to enhance understanding of the interaction between urban environments and psychological experiences. Leveraging advances in urban big data and artificial intelligence (AI), this work introduces an AI-based framework emphasizing mental and emotional responses, including perceived stress and place perception. Key contributions include: 1. ML-Based Stress Assessment: A machine learning approach for assessing perceived stress imposed by macro and micro urban features, utilizing open-source data to support planning in data-scarce regions like developing countries. 2. Enhanced Place Perception Framework: A conceptual framework integrating multisensory data and transfer learning to address visual bias and limited model generalizability in existing practices. 3. Exploration of Spatial Correlations: The first known analysis of spatial correlations between positive and negative place perceptions and perceived stress, revealing the intricate interplay between the built environment and psychological responses. This research provides actionable insights for urban planners, policymakers, and environmental psychologists, enabling them to better evaluate how the built environment shapes psychological experiences. By identifying critical gaps in current practices and advocating for data-driven, community-focused strategies, the study underscores the need for a paradigm shift in urban planning that prioritizes psychological well-being and enhances urban quality of life.

Fabrication and characterization of organic sensors and their application to environment-interactive OLED lighting

정진욱 Graduate School, Korea University 2011 국내박사

The environment-interactive lighting has recently attracted a great deal of attention for application in emotional engineering because bright light is capable of increasing the body’s production of certain hormones which control our alertness. These hormones increase our mental alertness and have a positive influence on our mental state, improving our mood without causing stress. Bringing sunlight into a human place lets us feel a more natural environment as the color temperature of the lighting changes as time passes during the day, similar to the light of sunrise, daylight, and sunset. The environment-interactive lighting done by changing lighting levels and color temperature increases the stimulating capacity of the environment. Good lighting can enhance pleasant and attractive surroundings, all the while influencing behavior in a positive way. Typical light sources include lasers, lamps, and inorganic light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Such excitation sources are either bulky and/or costly, cannot be integrated with the other components due to size, geometrical, or operational constraints, or require intricate integration procedures for their incorporation in a structurally integrated, compact device. Recently, Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) have been introduced as a promising light source for lighting or PL-based sensing applications. OLEDs are very power efficient and they can be made very thin. An OLED light bulb is actually a thin film of material that emits bright white light. Because OLEDs can be flexible, or even transparent, exciting new OLED lamp designs are possible. In contrast to the typical excitation sources, the structural integration of an OLED with a sensing component is uniquely simple. Thus, the sensing components have attracted great interest in recent years. Such sensors, which are usually utilized for monitoring a single analyte, are sensitive, reliable, and suitable for a wide range of applications, such as medical, biological (including biodefense), environmental, and industrial. Here, organic photo sensors (OPSs) and organic thin-films transistors (OTFTs) sensors can be used for changing the lighting levels and color temperature of the OLEDs used by environment-interactive sensors. Light reflection can seriously degrade the contrast of an OLED display under a strong lighting environment, since even in the off state the device will still exhibit some brightness due to ambient-light reflection. Here, photon energies under a strong lighting environment are generated which may be recycled by placing a photovoltaic cell in the back or at the side of an OLED. Thus, such a feature of energy recycling may be of significance and could be used for portable/mobile electronics, for such devices typically have high power awareness characteristics. The OLED-based platform would drastically simplify the fabrication and application of environment-interactive lighting. Therefore, considering its application to environment-interactive lighting based on organic semiconductors with low cost and simple method, new concept environment-interactive lighting are required. This dissertation focuses on the fabrication and characterization of environment sensors based on organic semiconductors and its application to environment-interactive OLED lighting. For environment-interactive OLED lighting, environment sensors was proposed and fabricated such as an organic photo sensor based on organic semiconductors, environment sensor based on organic thin-films transistor and the integrated OLED with environment sensor for environment-interactive lighting application. Details on the results of this dissertation are summarized as follows. Firstly, the photo sensors based on organic semiconductors will be presented, and it studies the electrical characteristics of solution-processed OPSs made from organic materials of poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), with four-type of interdigitated electrodes for achieving high photo-sensing performances. The thin layers of organic material are deposited by spin-coating methods. The current of the OPSs through the semiconductor organic films is measured under light intensities ranging from dark to 300 mW/cm2. At 10 V bias and 300 mW/cm2 illumination, the currents obtained from pristine P3HT and blended P3HT/PCBM, both spin-coated, are 6.910-5 mA, and 3.610-5 mA, respectively. Finally, in order to evaluate the response characteristics under illumination, the current characteristics of the OPS are measured as a function of time and results confirm good reproducibility and fast response times of the OPSs. Secondly, the design, fabrication and characterization of environment sensor based on organic photodiodes will be presented. Organic photodiodes studies the effect of the annealing process on the performance of P3HT/PCBM photovoltaic devices, in terms of their efficiencies. The basic photovoltaic devices are annealed on a hot-plate, at a temperature of 150 ˚C for 10 minutes in air. For comparison, the thermal annealing of photovoltaic devices is carried out using rapid thermal annealing (RTA) equipment, at a temperature of 150 ˚C for 10 minutes in different environments such as in vacuum, in nitrogen and in argon, individually. The light conversion efficiency (Eff) of the resulting photovoltaic devices increases from 2.29 % (hot-plate annealing) to 2.77 % after annealing in a vacuum environment. As a result, the organic photovoltaic devices, annealed in a vacuum show enhanced efficiencies compared with those annealed in different gas environments. Thirdly, environment sensors studies the response characteristics of a gas sensor for OTFTs, made from spin-coated P3HT on a thermally grown SiO2/Si wafer. The gas response characteristics of OTFT sensors are observed from the change in the drain-source current, as a function of time, when the P3HT-based OTFT sensors of different channel widths are exposed to cycles of exposure to and the evacuation of NH3 gas, with concentration ranging from 10 to 100 ppm at room temperature in normal atmosphere. The measured drain-source current decreases rapidly with time after exposure to NH3 gas and the response characteristics of the drain-source current are seen to be higher for larger values of NH3 gas concentration. The response characteristics of the OTFT sensor show that there is a shift in the threshold-voltage as well as a change in mobility after exposure to NH3 gas. And, the OTFT sensor measures the odorous gases generated by 2-mercaptoethanol and 3-methylindole liquids. The gas response characteristics are observed from a change in the drain current over time when the P3HT-based OTFT sensor is exposed to 2-mercaptoethanol and 3-methylindole etch gas concentrations ranging from 0.1 mol to 1 mol at room temperature in ambient air. The multi-parametric sensing properties of the OTFT show that there is a shift in the threshold voltage as well as a change in mobility with the gate bias. Also, the we report on the photo-response characteristics of flexible sensor-transistor circuits (ST-circuits) made with P3HT/PCBM bulk heterojunction polymer and pentacene-based OTFT which are stacked via poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) on the plastic substrate. The results indicate that the anode-source current, including the induced photocurrent and drain current of the OTFT, is variable because of both the charge separation of the photogenerated excitons and the accumulated charges at the OTFT channel layer. The light dependent photo response (ΔI/I0) is modulated from 0.47 to 1.9 by the gate-source voltage at the fixed anode-source voltage of the ST-circuits. Finally, this dissertation reports on a study of the emission properties of OLEDs controlled by an OPS based on P3HT and PCBM for environment-interactive lighting applications. The emission characteristics exhibit the changes in the current and luminance of an OLED as a function of time when different illumination levels are exposed to the OPS. The luminance of the OLED increases from 283.4 cd/m2 to 1134 cd/m2 when the OPS is exposed to different illumination levels from full dark to 500 mW/cm2 using a xenon lamp. Thus, an integrated OLED with an OPS can be applied to high-contrast displays as well as environment-interactive lighting applications. Through this research, since it is easy to fabricate OTFT-based gas sensors on a variety of substrates using defined electrodes, arrays of multi-parametric gas sensors can be designed to detect various gases simultaneously. Moreover, the devices have the potential advantages of structural flexibility, low cost, and versatility in the sensor technologies used. Such sensors can also be considered for other applications, such as wearable electronics, e-textiles, and e-skins for robots. Also, the electrical effect of the organic photodiode (OPD) increases the luminance for the advanced current density of the OLED because of the dark current of the OPD under strong ambient illumination. The present recycling efficiency appears modest, yet it should be noted that the integrated OLED with OPD is simply for demonstration purposes; there is plenty of room for the further raising of the recycling efficiency via more efficient OLED lighting and OPD structures, such as similar solar cells.

작물의 생육환경 다지점 모니터링을 위한 공간보간법 기반 환경 예측 및 시각화

조현상 서울과학기술대학교 2024 국내석사

다층 선반에서 작물을 재배하는 스마트 식물공장과 스마트 온실에서는 작물에 적합한 생육환경 유지와 더불어 공간 전체에 균일한 생육환경을 유지해야 한다. 생육환경을 확인하기 위해 센서 모니터링을 수행하지만, 센서가 없는 지점은 생육환경 정보를 알 수 없다. 가장 정확한 모니터링을 수행하기 위해서는 작물의 재배 공간 모든 지점에 센서를 설치하여 관측 데이터를 수집해야 한다. 하지만, 물리적인 공간의 한계와 센서의 비용으로 인한 경제적인 한계로 인해 현실적으로 불가능하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 한계점을 극복하고자 공간보간법을 통해 센서 미관측지점에서의 작물의 생육환경을 예측하였다. 또한 예측값들을 시각화하여 작물의 생육환경 분포를 직관적으로 확인하였다. 본 연구는 다지점 모니터링을 구현할 수 있도록 다섯 단계로 이루어진 방법론을 통해 연구를 수행하였다. 첫째, 모니터링 수행 단계로 모니터링 대상 공간에 대해 분석하고 모니터링을 수행한다. 둘째, 공간적 범위와 시간적 범위를 정의하고 그에 따른 관측 데이터 수집 및 공간보간법을 적용할 수 있도록 데이터를 전처리하는 단계이다. 셋째, 공간보간법을 적용하여 센서 미관측지점에 대한 작물의 생육환경을 예측하는 단계이다. 넷째, 예측값의 정확도를 확인하고자 공간보간법의 성능을 검증하는 단계이다. 다섯째, 공간보간 결과를 시각화하여 작물의 생육환경 분포를 직관적으로 확인하고 진단하는 단계이다. 위 방법론을 통해 스마트 식물공장과 스마트 온실 두 대상에 대해 각각 연구를 수행하였다. 식물공장의 경우 실내공기온도, 상대습도, CO2 농도에 대해 공간보간법을 적용하였다. 공간보간법 성능 검증 단계에서, 3개의 실내환경질 요인 모두 역거리가중법(k=2)이 가장 잘 예측하였다. 방사기저함수 보간법 내에서는 RBFMQ가 적절하게 예측하였다. 시각화 결과를 통해 식물공장 내 실내공기온도, 상대습도, CO2 농도 모두 불균일한 상태임을 알 수 있었다. 스마트 온실의 경우 실내공기온도와 상대습도에 대해 공간보간법을 적용하였다. 공간보간법 성능 검증 단계에서, 2개의 실내환경질 요인 모두 역거리가중법(k=2)가 가장 잘 예측하였다. 방사기저함수 보간법 내에 서는 실내공기온도의 경우 RBFMQ, 상대습도의 경우 RBFIMQ가 적절하게 예측하였다. 시각화 결과를 통해 스마트 온실의 실내공기온도와 상대습도가 불균일한 상태임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 다음과 같이 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 1. 경제성 확보: 최소한의 센서 수로 스마트 식물공장과 스마트 온실 내 작물의 생육환경을 정밀하게 모니터링 할 수 있다. 2. 시각화를 통한 직관적 분석: 공간보간법 예측 결과를 시각화하여 공간 전체의 생육환경을 직관적으로 파악할 수 있다. 이는 관리자가 균일한 생육환경을 만들기 위해 설비의 운용 시 의사결정(decision making)에 있어 기초자료로 사용할 수 있다. 3. 연구방법론의 적용 대상 확장성: 본 연구의 방법론은 스마트 식물공장과 스마트 온실뿐만 아니라 클린룸이나 음압병동 등 정밀 모니터링이 필요한 건물을 대상에도 적용 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Smart plant factories and smart greenhouses that grow crops on multi-layered shelves must maintain a uniform growth environment throughout the space, along with maintaining a growth environment suitable for the crop. Sensor monitoring is performed to check the growth environment, but growth environment information is not known at points where there is no sensor. To perform the most accurate monitoring, sensors should be installed at all points in the crop cultivation space to collect observation data. However, it is practically impossible due to the limitations of physical space and economic limitations due to the cost of the sensor. Therefore, in this study, to overcome these limitations, the growth environment of crops at unobserved points was predicted through spatial interpolation. In addition, by visualizing the predicted values, the distribution of the growth environment of the crop was intuitively confirmed. This study was conducted through a methodology consisting of five steps to implement multi-point monitoring. First, as a monitoring performance step, the space to be monitored is analyzed and monitored. Second, it is a step of defining the spatial and temporal ranges, collecting observed data accordingly, and preprocessing the data so that the spatial interpolation method can be applied. Third, it is a step of predicting the growth environment of crops for unobserved points by applying the spatial interpolation method. Fourth, it is a step of verifying the performance of the spatial interpolation method to confirm the accuracy of the predicted value. Fifth, it is a step of intuitively checking and diagnosing the distribution of the growth environment of crops by visualizing the spatial interpolation results. Using this methodology, studies were conducted on the smart plant factory and the smart greenhouse. In the case of the plant factory, the spatial interpolation method was applied to indoor air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration. In the spatial interpolation method performance validation step, the inverse distance weighting method (k=2) predicted all three indoor environmental factors best. Within the radial basis function interpolation method, RBFMQ predicted appropriately. Through the visualization results, it was found that the indoor air temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration in the plant factory were all in a non-uniform state. For the smart greenhouse, the spatial interpolation method was applied to indoor air temperature and relative humidity. In the spatial interpolation method performance validation step, the inverse distance weighting method (k=2) predicted both indoor environmental factors best. Within the radial basis function interpolation, RBFMQ predicted indoor air temperature well and RBFIMQ predicted relative humidity well. Through the visualization results, it was confirmed that the indoor air temperature and relative humidity of the smart greenhouse were in a non-uniform state. Through this, this study is expected to contribute as follows. 1. Economic feasibility: The growth environment of crops in smart plant factories and smart greenhouses can be precisely monitored with a minimum number of sensors. 2. Intuitive analysis through visualization: By visualizing the prediction results of the spatial interpolation method, it is possible to intuitively grasp the growth environment of the entire space. This can be used as basis data for decision-making when the manager operates the facility to create a uniform growth environment. 3. Scalability of application of research methodology: It is expected that the methodology of this study can be applied not only to smart plant factories and smart greenhouses but also to buildings that require precise monitoring such as clean rooms or negative pressure isolation rooms.

충북지역 학교급식 영양(교)사의 친환경 식재료에 대한 이용실태 및 인식

정상희 충북대학교 2015 국내석사

Since interest in environment-friendly food service for creating the good quality school food service environment is increasing in recent years, this study was to identify their perception and opinion on environment-friendly ingredients targeting 202 school food service nutritionists (nutrition teachers) in Chungbuk Province and prepare the requirement for environment-friendly food service system improvement and purchasing process improvement plan. The results obtained in this study are as follows : First, according to the results of food service satisfaction influence factor path analysis, both school food services and environment-friendly support fund had a significant impact on all of ingredients, food, menu, dessert, food service quality and elementary school students and schools receiving high support fund were investigated to perceive significantly investigted food service quality more positively than middle school students and schools receiving low support fund, respectively. Students in schools using more than 10% of environment-friendly ingredients were investigated to perceive ingredients, menu more positively than those in school using less than 10% and the fact that the degree of environment-friendly use had a significant impact on food service satisfaction suggests that there are other factors mediating for the degree of environment-friendly use to influence food service satisfaction other than ingredients, food, menu, dessert examined in this study. The development of cooking methods using environment-friendly ingredients should be realized. Second, looking at the actual use of environment-friendly ingredients, in the case of agricultural products, mixed grains appeared most frequently, 58.9% and environment-friendly agricultural products they want to use the most appeared in the order of fruit, vegetables, indicating that safer needs are reflected on ingredients eaten raw. In the case of livestock products, eggs were used the most frequently, 36.6% and porks were found to be the livestock product they want to use the most, 40.8%, showing demand for antibiotic-free pork is high. In marine products, the frequency of never used appeared the most, 81.7% and fish were shown to be the marine product they want to use the most, 54.5% but environment-friendly fish being currently supplied in Korea are halibut and rainbow trout and are considered to have a lot of difficulty in applying them to food service in terms of unit price. Third, in the selection criteria of environment-friendly agricultural products, freshness was assessed to be the highest, 4.32 points and the importance of the quality evaluation items was found to be in the order of ‘environment-friendly certification status’ and ‘supply capacity’. For the delivery capability of environment-friendly ingredients suppliers, agricultural·livestock products were perceived to be moderate and marine products to be low. In addition, the delivery capability of suppliers was highly evaluated in schools receiving a lot of support for environment-friendly ingredients, indicating that the more experienced on environment-friendly ingredients, communication between the school and its supplier is made well and systematic distribution is made. Fourth, in the environment-friendly ingredients inspection method, agricultural products were found to be inspected by the attached mark, livestock products and marine products by environment-friendly certification document, processed food by the attached mark and the most common opinion was that at least pesticide-free products must be delivered. In awareness of environment-friendly ingredients and quality perception, a high measure was shown for the concept of agricultural·livestock products but lower scores were shown in the supply and education level. It was found that they feel a lack of data when creating food services and supply level in marine products. Fifth, in the administrative aspect of environment-friendly food service system improvement plans, the demand for securing reliable suppliers was the most, 4.3 and in the delivery process, the demand for the exact history in environment-friendly ingredients distribution process was very high, 4.4. Given the above findings, in order to activate the use of environment-friendly ingredients in school food services, research on production methods of environment-friendly agricultural·livestock ·marine products and ensuring production, the exact history of distribution channels and regulation and supervision of the certification body, environment-friendly support fund expansion measures need to be prepared at the national level. Also, education on actual production and distribution process for environment-friendly ingredients targeting nutritionists (nutrition teachers) and producers turned out to be required and this study is expected to be used as its basic materials.

The Causal Relationship between Tourism and the Environment

Verances, Jennifer Baylon Kangwon National University 2010 국내석사

The view taken in this study is that tourism and the environment have a unique relationship force towards to the impact of its both development to the area and to the industry. According to this view, tourism impact the environment positively or negatively. However, if the tourism impact to the environment, there might be a possibility that environment impact to tourism, in the same way as environment impact to the tourism or vise versa. Based on this view, the purpose of this study was to (1) to examine whether tourism led environmental impact, (2) to investigate whether environment driven tourism impact, (3) to find out whether tourism and the environment have symbiotic relationship, or (4) to find out whether tourism and the environment may have no symbiotic relationship. In order to gather some information regarding to the need for the purpose to answer, a quarterly secondary data was collected to some department who are responsible in collecting and storing data of the said variables. the data was collected through the use of official website of South Korea where the area of study is conducted. Analysis of data was performed in the programed name Stata of which the statistics and data analysis were combined or (portmanteau). In the analysis there are three test that were conducted in the study: (1) unit root test, in this test the stationarity of each variables are being tested to used in the final model. (2) cointegration test, this is only performed if some of the variable is non-stationary. And last is the (3) Granger's causality test, which is the main model used to test the causal relationship of tourism and the environment in the research study. The results shows that one variable provide non-stationarity among all the variables. Therefore the second test were performed which is the cointegration test. It is to find out the significance of two variables between the non-stationary and stationary variables. The result shows that all variables are significant which are Particulate Matter(PM10), Carbon Monoxide(CO), Salinity(Salt), Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD), Total Suspend Solids(TSS), and Chlorophyll. All of the variables provide a one way relationship except Chlorophyll. In the final test of Granger's causality test, the result shows that only Chlorophyll have symbiotic relationship between tourism and the environment. In conclusion, it is true that there is a causal relationship between tourism and the environment. However, the impact that brought about tourism to the environment is heavier and rapid than the environment impact to tourism. Because environment will take a longer time to have reaction due to its natural processes. Therefore in order to achieve substantiable development in tourism, it is better to consider first the causal relationship of tourism and the environment. Due to the rapid impact of tourism to the environment, a further research is needed to check the variables in a more longer time than quarterly basis. Monthly basis and a more longer years is highly recommended in the future study. It is also highly recommended for the policy makers and tourism field to take consider and give importance to the causal relationship between tourism and the environment.

Impact of Environment-friendly Characteristics on Green Consumption Behavior : Mediating Effect of Environmental Responsibility and Moderating Effect of Green Self-efficacy-

유분 목원대학교 대학원 2025 국내박사

In recent years, global environmental issues have become increasingly severe, with climate change, biodiversity loss, and the excessive consumption of natural resources emerging as critical challenges that constrain sustainable development. At present, China’s economic and social development has entered a stage characterized by high-quality development that emphasizes green and low-carbon transformation. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has placed ecological civilization at the forefront of national governance. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee emphasized the need to focus on building a “Beautiful China,” accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and promote Chinese-style modernization that achieves harmony between humanity and nature. As a key component of the comprehensive green transformation of development, green consumption not only directly contributes to resource conservation but also plays a significant role in improving environmental quality and creating reverse pressure on enterprises to adopt green production practices. However, despite the relatively high level of environmental awareness among consumers, actual pro-environmental behaviors remain limited, resulting in the widely acknowledged “value–action gap” in green consumption. Thus, promoting consumer engagement in green consumption has become an urgent practical issue. Meanwhile, due to the differing emphases of domestic and international research, as well as significant differences in economic systems, market environments, cultural backgrounds, and consumption habits across countries, existing findings cannot be universally applied to the Chinese context. Accordingly, investigating the factors and mechanisms that influence green consumption behavior is both urgent and of great importance for advancing the green transformation of consumption patterns. Grounded in environmental psychology and consumer behavior theory, this study explores the influence of individual psychological traits and moral-emotional factors on green consumption behavior. Specifically, it examines the impact of three dimensions of environment-friendly characteristics—namely, environmental sensitivity, environmental indebtedness, and empathy with nature—on green consumption behavior. Through a systematic review of existing literature and rigorous theoretical analysis, five hypotheses were proposed, covering the positive influence of environment-friendly characteristics on green consumption behavior, the mediating role of environmental responsibility between environment-friendly characteristics and green consumption behavior, and the moderating role of green self-efficacy between environmental responsibility and green consumption behavior. Based on these hypotheses, a comprehensive conceptual model was developed to guide the subsequent empirical analysis. A total of 1,727 valid responses are collected via an online questionnaire survey. The data are analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Descriptive statistical analysis, reliability and validity testing, and correlation analysis etc. statistical methods are conducted to verify the proposed hypotheses. The key empirical findings are as follows: environment-friendly characteristics positively influence green consumption behavior; environmental responsibility mediates the relationship between environment-friendly characteristics and green consumption behavior; and green self-efficacy moderates the relationship between environmental responsibility and green consumption behavior. Theoretically, this study expands the emotional dimension of green consumption behavior research by emphasizing the role of affective and moral drivers. It also refines and extends the conceptualization and structural dimensions of environmental responsibility as a core mediating variable. Moreover, the study deepens our understanding of the moderating mechanism of green self-efficacy within the pathway of green consumption behavior. In practical terms, the empirical results provide valuable insights for enterprise-level green marketing strategies, government policy formulation, and public initiatives aimed at promoting green consumption. The study thereby contributes both theoretical enrichment and practical guidance to the advancement of sustainable consumption in the Chinese context.

When to Look at Maps in Navigation: Metacognitive Control in Environment Learning

Dai, Ruizhi ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Tufts University 2020 해외박사(DDOD)

Environment learning is usually achieved through direct experience with an environment and/or through map study. Further, research suggests that different perspectives taken while learning an environment influence the type of knowledge acquired. After all, route (e.g. by navigation) and survey (e.g. by map study) perspectives emphasize different environment information. The choice between direct experience and map use, or between route and survey perspectives, suggests a role of metacognitive control. That is, when in a new environment, learners may exercise metacognitive control by selectively choosing and implementing specific strategies, such as primarily focusing on one perspective over the other or switching between perspectives. While metacognitive control may be crucial for real-world environment learning and navigation, research on metacognitive control in environment learning is largely absent. To fill in the gap in the literature, this dissertation explores, in a series of 3 experiments, how people implement metacognitive control in environment learning, and how metacognitive control affects the learning of environments. Results of this dissertation suggest that participants exercise control during environment learning by switching between different spatial perspectives and gather different spatial information. Findings from Experiment 1 and 2 indicated that people may use different strategies when metacognitive control was implicit (in the form of eye movements) versus explicit (deliberately pressing a key). Experiment 3 examined the effectiveness of control as well as the strategies chosen, and found that the strategy used under explicit control was more effective among the two. Such explorations provide important and useful insights into how people study environments. Further, the type of strategies used when learning the environment have implications for navigational aids design and facilitation of real-world environment learning.

환경그림책을 활용한 주제 환상극 놀이가 환경친화적 태도와 친사회적 행동에 미치는 영향

정의정 위덕대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사

본 연구는 환경그림책을 활용한 주제 환상극 놀이를 통해 유아의 환경친화적 태도와 친사회적 행동에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 이와 같은 연구의 목적을 위해 다음과 같은 연구문제를 선정하였다. 1) 환경그림책을 활용한 주제 환상극 놀이가 유아의 환경친화적 태도에 미치는 영향은 어떠한가? 2) 환경그림책을 활용한 주제 환상극 놀이가 유아의 친사회적 행동에 미치는 영향은 어떠한가? 본 연구의 대상은 U시에 소재한 H유치원의 만 5세 유아 2개 반 유아 60명을 실험집단 30명과 비교집단 30명으로 배정하였다. 실험은 12주 동안 일주일에 1회씩 총12회를 실시하였다. 12편의 환경그림책을 활용하여 실험집단은 환경그림책을 활용한 주제 환상극 놀이를, 비교집단은 환경그림책을 담임선생님이 읽어 주는 활동을 실시하였다. 유아의 환경친화적 태도는 Musser와 Diamond(1999)가 제작한 CATES -PV(The Children's Attitudes Toward the Environment Scale-Preschool version)를 허윤정(2001)이 번안하고 수정한 18개 문항의 검사 도구를 사용하여 측정하였다. 유아의 친사회적 행동측정은 김영옥(2003)이 개발한 유아의 친사회적 행동 평가 척도(PBSYC)를 사용하였다. 사전검사와 사후검사를 통하여 수집된 자료는 SPSS PC+ 21.0 통계 프로그램을 사용하여 공분산으로 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 환경그림책을 활용한 주제 환상극놀이를 실시한 실험집단이 환경그림책듣기를 실시한 비교집단 보다 환경 친화적 태도에 있어서 통계적으로 더 높은 점수를 획득하였다. 환경 친화적 태도의 하위 요인 중 환경보전태도는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 그러나 자연친화적 태도는 통계적으로 유의미하였다. 둘째, 환경그림책을 활용한 주제 환상극놀이를 실시한 실험집단이 환경그림책듣기를 실시한 비교집단 보다 친사회적 행동에 있어서 통계적으로 더 높은 점수를 획득하였다. 친사회적 행동의 하위요인 모두에서도 실험집단이 비교집단에 비해 통계적으로 더 높은 점수를 획득하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 볼 때 환경그림책을 활용한 주제 환상극 놀이는 유아의 환경친화적 태도와 친사회적 행동의 증진을 위해 적합하고 의미 있는 교수-학습방법으로 유아의 교육현장에 활용해 볼 가치가 있음을 시사 한다고 하겠다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dramatic play through environment illustrated books on young children's environ ment-friendly Attitude and the children's social-friendly Activities. For this purpose two research questions were established as follows: 1. What are the effects of dramatic play through Environment illustrat ed books on young children's environment-friendly Attitude? 2. What are the effects of dramatic play through environment illustra ted books on young children's social-friendly Activities? The subjects of this study were a total of 60 children at age 5 from 2 classes at 'U' City and they were divided into a experiment group and a control group. The experiment was performed once a week, total 12 times during 12 week period. After listening to environment illustrated book stories, the experiment group performed dramatic play activities and the control group performed listening activities. Environment-friendly Attitude is used as a test tool. To measure environment friendly attitude, CATES-PV(The children's Attitudes Toward the Environment Scale-Preschool version) produced by Musser and Diamond(1999), and subsequently modified and adapted by Yun-Jeong Huh(2001) has been used an the environment friendly attitude test tool. “Rating Scale(PBSYC) of Prosocal Behavior of Children” written by Young-Ok Kim(2003) was used to evaluate the children’s prosocial behavior. Finally, the collected results were analyzed by using ANCOVA of SPSS 21.0 statistics program. The results of this study are as follows: First, the experiment group that performed dramatic play using environment illustrated books obtained a statistically higher point in the environment-friendly attitude test than the control group that performed listening activity using environment illustrated books. In the sub-factor of 'environment preservation attitude', there was no statistically significant difference although the experiment group obtained point than the control group. However, in the sub-factors including 'nature friendly attitude' the experiment group obtained statistically higher significant points than the control group. Second, the experiment group obtained a higher point statistically in the social-friendly activities than the control group. In all of the sub-factors of social-friendly activities `leadership', `helping', `communication', `initiative consideration', `approaching', `sharing', `empathy and emotional control', the experiment group also obtained statistically higher points than the control group. The results of this study imply that activities of dramatic play using environment illustrated books are worth utilizing at early childhood education programs as an appropriate and meaningful teaching method to improve children's environment-friendly attitude and the children's social-friendly activities.

Environment-Aware Extreme MIMO for 6G: CDI Management and Configured Scheduling

Kim, Jonghyun 연세대학교 일반대학원 2026 국내박사

Environment-Agnostic Architecture for Heterogeneous Multi-Environment Reinforcement Learning

Kukjin Kim 고려대학교 대학원 2024 국내석사

In new environments, training a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent from scratch can prove to be inefficient. The computational and temporal costs can be significantly reduced if the agent is capable of learning across diverse environments and effectively engaging in transfer learning. However, achieving learning across multiple environments is challenging due to the varying state and action spaces inherent in different RL problems. A naive parameter sharing with environment-specific layers for different state-action spaces does not effectively facilitate transfer learning. In this work, we present a flexible and environment-agnostic architecture designed to facilitate learning across multiple environments simultaneously, while enabling efficient transfer learning for new environments. We also develop training algorithms within the proposed architecture to facilitate both online and offline RL. Our experiments demonstrate that multi-environment training with one agent is possible in heterogeneous environments and parameter sharing is not effective in transfer learning.