Reliability and Validity of a Force-Sensing Resistor for the Measurement of Static Hindlimb Weight Distribution in Beagle Dogs

허수영,정희준,정재민,정성목,이해범 한국임상수의학회 2018 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.35 No.5

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Force-Sensing Resistor (FSR)for measurement of static hindlimb weight distribution in beagle dogs and to compare these results to a Digital WeighingScale (DWS). Nine healthy beagle dogs were recruited for this study. Static weight distribution was evaluated fourtimes at intervals of 5 days with each device and two observers to calculate the intra- and interobserver reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values of the FSR for intraobserver reliability were moderate to good (0.74). The results for the DWS showed poor to moderate (0.56) ICC values for intraobserver reliability. The ICC valuesfor interobserver reliability were 0.53 and 0.61 for FSR and DWS, respectively, indicating poor to moderate agreement. Our findings suggest that the Force-Sensing Resistor can be used to measure static weight distribution in veterinarymedicine. However, caution should be taken when comparing measured values of static weight distribution obtainedutilizing both the FSR and DWS due to their low positive correlation (R = 0.41, p < 0.01).

A Noble Technique a Using Force-sensing Resistor for Immobilization-device Quality Assurance: A Feasibility Study

Min-Seok Cho,Tae-Ho Kim,Seong-Hee Kang,Dong-Su Kim,Kyeong-Hyeon Kim,Dong-Seok Shin,Yu-Yun Noh,Hyun-Jae Koo,Geum Seong Cheon,서태석,Siyong Kim 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.68 No.6

Many studies have reported that a patient can move even when an immobilization device is used. Researchers have developed an immobilization-device quality-assurance (QA) system that evaluates the validity of immobilization devices. The QA system consists of force-sensing-resistor (FSR) sensor units, an electric circuit, a signal conditioning device, and a control personal computer (PC) with in-house software. The QA system is designed to measure the force between an immobilization device and a patient’s skin by using the FSR sensor unit. This preliminary study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using the QA system in radiation-exposure situations. When the FSR sensor unit was irradiated with a computed tomography (CT) beam and a treatment beam from a linear accelerator (LINAC), the stability of the output signal, the image artifact on the CT image, and changing the variation on the patient’s dose were tested. The results of this study demonstrate that this system is promising in that it performed within the error range (signal variation on CT beam < 0.30 kPa, root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the two CT images according to presence or absence of the FSR sensor unit < 15 HU, signal variation on the treatment beam < 0.15 kPa, and dose difference between the presence and the absence of the FSR sensor unit < 0.02%). Based on the obtained results, we will volunteer tests to investigate the clinical feasibility of the QA system.

Force Sensing Resistor를 이용한 인체압력중심 변화 분석

박철(Cheol Park),박신석(Shinsuk Park),김충현(Choong Hyun Kim) 대한전기학회 2014 전기학회논문지 Vol.63 No.12

An experimental investigation of COP(center of pressure) was performed using FSR(force sensing resistor) and force plate. The FSR sensor system is used as effective device to detect the movement of human body in activities of daily living. It has been shown that the FSR provides the trajectories of COP with repeatability and reliability.

보행보조로봇을 위한 다중 생체/역학 센서의 신호 분석 및 사용자 의도 감지

장은혜,전병태,지수영,이재연,조영조 한국로봇학회 2010 로봇학회 논문지 Vol.5 No.4

In order to produce a convenient robot for the aged and the lower limb disabled, it is needed for the research detecting implicit walking intention and controlling robot by a user's intention. In this study, we developed sensor module system to control the walking- assist robot using FSR sensor and tilt sensor, and analyzed the signals being acquired from two sensors. The sensor module system consisted of the assist device control unit, communication unit by wire/wireless, information collection unit, information operation unit, and information processing PC which handles integrated processing of assist device control. The FSR sensors attached user's the palm and the soles of foot are sensing force/pressure signals from these areas and are used for detecting the walking intention and states. The tilt sensor acquires roll and pitch signal from area of vertebrae lumbales and reflects the pose of the upper limb. We could recognize the more detailed user's walking intention such as 'start walking', ''start of right or left foot forward', and 'stop walking' by the combination of FSR and tilt signals can recognize.

저항 센서와 기울기 센서의 융합에 의한 보행 의도 감지

장은혜 ( Eun Hye Jang ),전병태 ( Byung Tae Chun ),이재연 ( Jae Yeon Lee ),지수영 ( Su Young Chi ),강상승 ( Sang Seung Kang ),조영조 ( Young Jo Cho ) 한국감성과학회 2010 감성과학 Vol.13 No.3

In the aging society, the walking assist robot is a necessary device for being able to help the older and the lower limb disabled people to walk. In order to produce a convenient robot for the older and the lower limb disabled, it is needed for the research to detect the implicit walking intention and to control robot by a user`s intention. This study is a previous study to develop the detection model of the walking intention and analyze the user`s walking intention while a person is walking with Lofstrand crutches, by the combination of FSR and tilt signals. The FSR sensors attached user`s the palm and the soles of foot are sensing force/pressure signals from these areas and are used for detecting the walking intention and states. The tilt sensor acquires roll and pitch signal from area of vertebrae lumbales and reflects the pose of the upper limb. We can recognize the user`s walking intention such as `start walking`, `start of right or left foot forward`, and `stop walking` by the combination of FSR and tilt signals can recognize.

FSR로 구성된 촉각 센서 패드용 Readout 회로의 설계 및 구현

윤선호,백승희,김청월,Yoon, Seon-ho,Baek, Seung-hee,Kim, Cheong-worl 한국센서학회 2017 센서학회지 Vol.26 No.5

A readout circuit for a tactile sensor pad based on force sensing resistors was proposed, which was composed of an analog signal conditioning circuit and a digital circuit with a microcontroller. The conventional signal conditioning circuit has a dc offset voltage in the output signal, which results from the reference voltage applied to the FSR devices. The offset voltage reduces the dynamic range of the circuit and makes it difficult to operate the circuit under a low voltage power supply. In the proposed signal conditioning circuit, the dc offset voltage was removed completely. The microcontroller with A/D converter and D/A converter was used to enlarge the measurement range of pressure. For this, the microcontroller adjusts the FSR reference voltage according to the resistance magnitude of FSR under pressure. The operation of the proposed readout circuit which was connected to a tactile sensor pad with $5{\times}10$ FSR array was verified experimentally. The experimental results show the proposed readout circuit has the wider measurement range of pressure than the conventional circuit. The proposed circuit is suitable for low voltage and low power applications.

Force Sensing Resistor(FSR)를 이용한 비침투식 배관 압력 모니터링 센서 연구

박진우(Jin-woo Park),정병창(Byung Chang Jung),문석준(Seok-jun Moon),양석조(Seok-Jo Yang) 대한기계학회 2021 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.45 No.8

산업화가 진행됨에 따라 상수도관 등 노후화된 배관이 증가하고 있다. 예기치 못한 파손에 따른 손실을 최소화하기 위해, 배관 누설을 실시간으로 감시·진단하여 사고대응 시간을 단축할 수 있는 기술에 대한 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 배관 외부에 설치하여 실시간 압력 측정이 가능한, 비침투식 배관 압력 모니터링 센서를 제안하고 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저, 배관 내 압력 변화와 FSR(force sensing resistor)에 작용하는 접촉하중 변화의 상관관계를 이용하는 비침투식 센서의 개념을 정의하고, 비침투식 센서의 성능 시험을 위해 6-inch 배관을 대상으로 센서의 형상 및 구동회로 설계를 위한 파라미터 연구를 수행하였다. 연구를 통해 도출한 설계안을 바탕으로 무선의 비침투식 배관 압력 모니터링센서를 제작, 테스트베드 배관에 설치하여 배관 내부 압력의 실시간 모니터링이 가능함을 검증하였다. Various leakage detection techniques have been researched to prevent increased pipeline failures and corresponding human and economic losses. In this study, a non-intrusive pipeline pressure monitoring sensor that can be installed outside the pipe is proposed. First, we defined the concept and analytical model of the non-intrusive pipeline pressure monitoring sensor, which was based on the correlation between the contact force on a force sensing resistor (FSR) and the pressure in a pipe. Next, a parametric study was conducted using a 6-inch pipe to design the shape and operating circuit of the non-intrusive sensor. Based on the derived design parameters, a wireless non-intrusive pipeline pressure monitoring sensor was manufactured, and it’s performance on monitoring the internal pressure of the pipe was validated in the testbed.

저작압 측정장치의 개발과 치근단 질환 진단에의 응용

이건희,이인복 대한치과재료학회 2024 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.51 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 압저항 감지 센서를 이용해 새롭게 개발한 저작압 측정 장치를 이용한 저작압의 객관적인 측정과, 이를 통한 치근단 질환의 진단에의 유용성을 평가하는 것이다. 본 장치의 원리는, 압저항 감지 센서에 힘이 가해지면 저항이 감소하고 이를 출력 전압의 형태로 적절한 처리 과정을 거쳐 LCD 모니터에 출력하는 것이다. 장치에 가해지는 힘과 출력값의 관계를U-Mechanics Analyser (IB Systems, Seoul, Korea)를 이용하여 분석하였다. 치근단 치주염을 가진 치아와 그렇지 않은 반대편 치아의 저작압을 측정하여 비교하였다. 출력값은 힘의 로그함수, 또는 힘은 출력값의 지수함수로 표현되었다. 치근단 치주염을 가진 치아의 저작압이 상대적으로 낮았으며, 저작압 감소율은 18.5 ~ 40.7% 범위였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 새롭게 개발한저작압 측정 장치를 이용하여 개개 치아의 저작압을 정량적으로 측정할 수 있으며, 이를 치근단 질환의 진단에 유용하게 사용할수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to develop a new bite force measurement device with a force sensing resistor (FSR), and to evaluate its usefulness in the diagnosis of periapical disease. The principle of this device is based on a decrease in resistance when force is applied to the sensor. The resistance is changed into voltage, processed and displayed on an LCD monitor. The relationship between the force applied to the device and the output value was analyzed using the U-Mechanics Analyser (IB Systems, Seoul, Korea). The bite forces of teeth with apical periodontitis and those without periodontitis on the opposite side were measured and compared. The output value was expressed as a logarithmic function of force, or the force was represented as an exponential function of output value. Teeth with apical periodontitis showed relatively lower bite force, and the reduction rate ranged from 18.5% to 40.7%. Based on these results, it is suggested that the newly developed bite force measurement device can quantitatively measure the bite force of individual teeth, and can be useful in the diagnosis of periapical disease.

Study on the Real-Time Walking Control of a Humanoid Robot Using Fuzzy Algorithm

Jung-Shik Kong,Eung-Hyuk Lee,Bo-Hee Lee,Jin-Geol Kim 대한전기학회 2008 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.6 No.4

This paper deals with the real-time stable walking for a humanoid robot, ISHURO-II, on uneven terrain. A humanoid robot necessitates achieving posture stabilization since it has basic problems such as structural instability. In this paper, a stabilization algorithm is proposed using the ground reaction forces, which are measured using FSR (Force Sensing Resistor) sensors during walking, and the ground conditions are estimated from these data. From this information the robot selects the proper motion pattern and overcomes ground irregularities effectively. In order to generate the proper reaction under the various ground situations, a fuzzy algorithm is applied in finding the proper angle of the joint. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation and walking experiments on a 24-DOFs humanoid robot, ISHURO-II.

FSR (Force Sensing Resistor) 발바닥 센서를 이용한 전동 보행 보조기의 경사로 제어 알고리즘 개발

최호선(H. S. Choi),김민규(M. K. Kim),신근우(G. W. Shin),김준기(J. K. Kim),김인영(I. Y. Kim),백윤수(Y. S. Baek) 한국정밀공학회 2017 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.12월