The effect of different feedback formats on tennis forehand and backhand stroke performances of beginning players under open and closed situations

최용민 University of Southern Mississippi 1996 해외박사

이 연구의 목적은 Tennis forehand 와 backhand strokes의 Form과 Skill 점수에 관하여 3주 동안 다른 종류의 Feedback을 받는 4개의 구룹들(구룹 1: 비디오와 checklist를 과제로 받은 구룹, 구룹 2:즉각적인 비디오 Feedback을 받은 구룹, 구룹 3: 코치에게만 Feedback을 받은 구룹, 구룹 4: 아무런 Feedback도 받지 않은 구룹)간에 다른 차이가 있는지를 조사하는 것이다. Form과 Skill과의 관계도 조사되어 졌다. 72명의 실험 대상자들이 4구룹으로 나뉘어 1996년 여름에 모아졌다. 이 연구를 위해 만들어진 checklist들은 비디오를 과제로 받은 구룹에 의해 사용되어 졌다. 다섯 명의 심판들은 모든 실험 대상의 Forehand와 Backhand Stroke들이 녹음 되어있는 Tapes을 보면서 "0"점을 가장 낮은 점수로 "2"점을 가장 높은 점수로 하는 "3점 점수 체제"를 가지고 Checklist의 모든 항목들을 채점하였다. 모든 가설들은 ANCOVA와 Pearson's r의 동계 기법을 통해 유의수준 0.05에 서 검증되어졌다. Tukey Post hoc test도 ANCOVA 기법과 함께 필요성에 따라함께 사용되었다. 비 실제적 상황(Closed situation)안에서, 비록 4구룹안에서 유의성이 나타났으나 Tukey의 검증 결과로 볼 때 비디오 과제구룹과 즉각적인 비디오 Feedback 구룹과 코치의 Feedback 만을 받은 구룹간의 유의성은 발견되지 않았고 다만 4번째 구룹인 아무런 Feedback도 받지 않은 구룹만이 나머지 세 구룹들 보다 낮은 점수를 보여 유의하게 나타났다. 실제적인 상황(Open situation) 안에서는 4구룹간의 유의성은 발견되지 않았다. Pearson's r의 통계 기법을 통해 Tennis Form과 Skill과의 관계 또한 없는 것으로 나타났다.

프로 및 아마추어 테니스 선수의 포핸드 스트로크 동안 상지 운동학 및 근육 활동 비교 : 밀기 또는 당기기?

WANG SHUAI 전북대학교 대학원 2024 국내석사

This study aims to evaluate the forehand stroke technique of male tennis players employing different swing strategies, using a motion capture system and electromyography (EMG) collection system. By analyzing and comparing the kinematic and EMG characteristics of athletes employing various swing strategies, the research provides theoretical data references for the training of forehand stroke techniques in tennis players. It also offers theoretical and practical foundations for coaches and training guidance for players and tennis enthusiasts to enhance their forehand stroke techniques. The study investigates the differences in kinematics and muscle activity during the forehand stroke of male tennis players. A detailed summary and description of the performance of selected joints and muscles during the forehand stroke technique were provided. Thirteen infrared cameras (Opti Track, Leyard, USA) were utilized to capture each participant's swing motion at a sampling rate of 120Hz. Reflective markers, 14mm in size, were used for subsequent data analysis. Motive 2 software captured 57 reflective marker points recorded by the thirteen high-speed infrared cameras, establishing a static model, capturing dynamic movements, and recording selected muscle data. The recorded data were analyzed using Visual3D and EMG software, leading to the following conclusions: Athletes employing the PULL swing strategy exhibit greater wrist extension angles, radial deviation angles, and supination angles during the striking phase, along with increased elbow extension and supination angles. Additionally, their shoulder joints demonstrate larger flexion, abduction, and supination angles. Furthermore, the activation levels of the deltoid and ulnar wrist flexor muscles are lower in these athletes. This suggests that athletes utilizing the PULL swing strategy likely rely more on body rotation. During the preparation phase, athletes using the PULL swing strategy show greater wrist extension and supination angles, increased elbow extension angles, and larger shoulder extension, abduction, and supination angles. However, their EMG readings indicate lower limb activation levels, implying delayed muscle activation. In the late swing phase, these athletes rely more on upper body rotation to initiate the backswing rather than using their arms. The PULL swing strategy, characterized by a multi-segmental rotational hitting approach, is associated with higher angular velocities.

초등 탁구 선수들의 심상훈련이 탁구 포핸드 스트로크 정확성에 미치는 영향

류흔 전북대학교 일반대학원 2022 국내석사

이 연구의 목적은 초등학교 탁구선수를 대상으로 심상훈련이 탁구 포핸드 스트로크 정확성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는 것이다. 연구참여자는 중국 초등학교 탁구선수 10명(남자=6, 여자=4)이다. 포핸드 정확도 테스트는 미국 뇌파 장치인 Cognionics QUICK-20 DRY EEG HEADSET을 사용하여 분석하였으며, SPSS 25.0을 사용하여 기술통계분석, 변량분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다.첫째, 실험 전 10명의 선수의 정확도는 실험 후 정확도의 평균보다 높았고 실험 그룹의 선수의 평균은 대조군의 정확도 보다 훨씬 높았다.둘째, 심상 훈련을 받지 않은 집단의 선수와 심상 훈련을 받은 집단의 선수 뇌파 위치에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다.세 번째, A: 8-9세, B: 10-11세, C: 12-1세, Fp1과 Fp2는 3집단 사이에 차이가 없었으나, Fz는 미미한 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 심상 훈련을 하지 않은 집단과 심상 훈련을 한 집단을 비교했을 때 엘리트 선수와 비엘리트 선수의 뇌파 위치에는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of it is to examine the accuracy and brainwave changes of forehand stroke technology through in-depth training for middle school table tennis players.The participants are 10 (male=6, female=4) Chinese elementary school table tennis player.We used the forehand ball accuracy test table and American brainwave device Cognionics QUICK-20 DRY EEG HEADSET (Callan,Durantin,Terzibas,2015;Onton,Kang&Colman,2016;Ronald,Trysha,Donald&Ann,2016)To collect data, use SPSS25.0 to analyze by Two-way ANOVA. The results are as follows:First,accuracy of the 10 players before the experiment is higher than the average of the accuracy after the experiment, and the average of the players in the experimental group is significantly higher than the accuracy of the control players.Second,There is no difference in brain wave positions after comparing without mental image training and after mental image training.Third A: 8-9 Age; B: 10-11 Age; C: 12-1 Age; There are differences in Fp1 and Fp2 among the three age groups , indicating that the players in the three age groups are no difference. But Fz has a marginal effect.Fourth,There is no difference in the brainwave positions of elite players and non-elite players after comparing them without imagery training and after imagery training.

Tennis의 forehand stroke 技能向上을 爲한 指導方法에 關한 硏究

서진호 明知大學校 大學院 1989 국내석사

本 硏究는 Tennis의 Forehand stroke의 學習效果를 위해서 使用한 學習方法 中 그 指導法에 따라 4가지 實驗條件 즉 言語的 指導 (視覺的指導도 竝行), 反應强制法, 身體的 拘束法, 被驗者 스스로의 情報提供으로 實施하여 各 指導方法 間의 學習效果의 差異 및 Fore hand stroke 技能의 學習效果를 比較 分析하여 가장 優秀한 指導方法을 發見해 내는 데 目的을 두었으며, 實驗을 위해 D·大學校 1學年 在學生 中 女學生 80名을 無作爲抽出 ( Random sampling )하여 實驗을 實施하였다. 이러한 實驗의 結果를 分析하기 위해 各 集團別 事前, 事後의 測定結果를 變量分析하고 그 結果에 對한 有意度 ( t-test ) 檢證을 通해서 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1) Tennis 技能을 위한 學習效果의 差異는 各各 그 向上度에서 多樣한 有意性을 나타내었다. 2) 學習效果를 위한 指導方法 中 運動感覺的 指導方法으로서 身體的 拘束法과 反應强制에 의한 學習效果가 가장 優秀하였다. 3) 學習者 스스로의 情報提供에 따르는 學習된 集團의 境遇에는 거의 向上度가 나타나지 않았다. In order to study and analyze what influence of learning effect the Forehand Stroke of Tennis and the different of the learning resulting, I have used on influence on-.developing four experiment condition(Teaching Meathods) : 1) Lingustic Teaching (with Sens visual Teaching), 2) Response Impel Teaching, 3) Physique Contraindication Teaching and 4) Self-learner's Information Offer. For the experiment, 80 female at random are selected out of D. University freshman. In this course of it experiment, I had analyze to testing result of each group's pre-test and post-test. The result concerning the above T-Test are as follows 1) The different of learning effect for the Tennis Skill shows variety T-Test at each progress. 2) Among the Teaching Mothods, Physique Contraindication Teaching and Response Impel Teaching has a better effect than other teaching meathod. 3) Self-learner's Information Offer has scarcely connection with progress of this experiment.

Tennis forehand volley 동작의 운동학적 분석

엄길훈 전남대학교 대학원 1997 국내석사

테니스 포핸드 발리 동작을 분석하여 과학적인 기초 자료를 얻고자 숙련자 3명, 비숙련자 3명을 피험자로 선정하고, 피험자의 동작 형태를 60 fleld/s의 2대 비디오 카메라로 촬영하여, D.L.T.( Direct Linear Transformation ) 방법에 의한 3차원 영상 분석법으로 숙련자와 비숙련자간의 운동학적 변인을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 인체 무게 중심의 위치는 전체 스웡 국면에서 숙련자가 비숙련자 보다 낮게 나타났으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 2. 무릎 관절의 각도는 전체 스윙 국면에서 숙련자가 비숙련자 보다 작게 나타났으며, 숙련자는 백스윙 시 보다 임팩트 시 각도가 작게 나타난 반면, 비숙련자는 더 크게 나타났다. 3. 몸통 각도는 백스윙 시 숙련자가 비숙련자 보다 작게 나타났으나 임팩트 시 유의한 차이는 없었다. 4. 손목과 라켓 각도는 백스윙 시 숙련자와 비숙련자 간의 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 임팩트 시 숙현자가 비숙련자 보다 작게 나타났으며, 숙련자는 백스윙 때보다 임팩트 시 각도가 작게 나타난 반면, 비숙련자는 더 크게 나타났다. 5. 라켓의 이동속도는 임팩트 시 숙련자가 비숙련자 보다 높게 나타났으며, 임팩트 시 숙련자는 속도가 증가하면서 스윙이 되는 반면, 비숙련자는 속도가 감소하면서 스윙이 되었다. 6. 라켓의 이동 가속도는 숙련자가 백스윙 시 속도의 변화율이 작고, 임팩트 시 속도의 변화율이 큰 반면, 비숙련자는 백스윙 시 속도의 변화율이 크고, 임팩트 시 속도의 변화율이 작게 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to obtain the scientific basic data from analyzing the Forehand Volley Motion in Tennis. Two video cameras of 60 field/s were used to anaiyze the kinematic variables between the skilled group and the unskilled group by the D.L.T. method of three dimensional cinematography. The conclusions were as follows ; 1. The C.O.G. of the skilled group showed lower than the unskilled group in the whole swing phase, but there was not significant difference. 2. The angle of right knee joint of the skilled group showed smaller than the unskilled group in the whole swing phase. The angle of right knee joint of the skilled group at impact showed smaller than at bactswing. Otherwise, that of the unskilled group at impact showed bigger than at backswing. 3. In the angle of trunk of the skilled group showed smaller than the unskilled group at backswing, but there was not significant difference at impact. 4. There was not significant difference between the skilled group and the unskilled group in the angle of wrist and racket at backswing. But the angle of wrist and racket of the skilled group showed lower than that of the unskilled group at impact. The angle of wrist and racket of the skilled group showed at impact lower than at backswing, and those of the unskilled group showed at impact larger than at backswing. 5. The velocity of racket of the skilled group was showed higher than that of the unskilled group at impact. The velocity of racket of the skilled group was incresed and that of the unskilled group was decreased at impact. 6. The acceleration of racket of the skilled group was showed small at backswing and big at impact in the rate of velocity. While that of the unskilled group was showed big at backswing and small at impact in the rate of velocity.

수준별 남자 테니스 선수의 포핸드 발리 기술의 운동학과 근육 활동 차이 연구

홍복신 전북대학교 일반대학원 2023 국내석사

This study aimed to test the forehand volley technique of male tennis players at different levels using a motion capture system and an EMG acquisition system. The differences were also compared, providing g theoretical and scientific basis for the future training of amateur players. The major joints and muscles of the right upper limb of the forehand volley were selected to capture the swing of each participant by 13 infrared cameras (Opti Track, Leyard, USA) at a sampling rate of 240 Hz. Matching markers were 14 mm reflective markers. 13 high-speed infrared cameras captured iconic bone marker points (57) via Motive 2.20 to build static models, capture kinematic data, and record selected muscle data. With the recordings from the motion capture system, the successful data were imported into Visual3D and EMG works for data analysis, and SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis, and we can conclude the following: In terms of kinematics, significant differences in joint angles were found in elbow angle and wrist angle in all three stages, and significant differences in hip angle and shoulder angle in the impact stage and the follow-up swing stage, respectively. Among the joint angular velocities, there were significant differences in elbow joint angular velocities, mainly in the impact stage, pelvic joint angular velocities, mainly in the impact stage and follow-up stage, and shoulder and wrist joint angular velocities, mainly in the follow-up stage and back swing stage. Among the joint angular velocities, the elbow and pelvic joint angular accelerations showed significant differences in the back swing stage and the follow-up stage, respectively, and the shoulder and wrist joint angular accelerations realized significant differences in the impact stage and the follow-up stage, respectively. In EMG, the degree of muscle activation did not show significant differences in the back swing stage, the radial carpal extensors (ECR) showed significant differences in the impact stage, and the biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB) showed significant differences in the follow-up stage.

Tennis forehand stroke의 力學的 分析

장진우 慶熙大學校 1990 국내석사

엘리트 테니스 선수의 포핸드 동작의 루프 백스윙과 스트레이트 백스윙 동작의 상지 근활성화 비교 분석

김민호 전북대학교 교육대학원 2017 국내석사

The objective of this research is to find out the impact of tennis forehand stroke motion on the electromyogram of 8 muscles of upper limbs in athletics of tennis player. The method was conducted to analyze the electromyogram on muscles of upper limbs of 8 athletics tennis players. For the analysis of the electromyogram of muscles of upper limbs, this research used Tringo Wireless EMG System of DELSYS corporation, and found out the maximum value of RMS using RMS method. This measured data was calculated to draw the maximum value of EMG of 8 muscles of upper limbs of each movement using SPSS 1.2 statistics program and was analysed using One-Way ANOVA to figure out the differences between EMG maximum values. This research could conclude with these results conducting Pairwise Comparisons to verify the differences among 4 selected movements.

Tennis forehand stroke의 運動學的 映像分析

김형수 高麗大學校 1990 국내석사

연령과 속도조건에 따른 스쿼시 포핸드 스윙의 타이밍 정확성

이강수 서울대학교 대학원 2005 국내석사