조선해양산업의 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업 모델 연구

소승욱 경남대학교 대학원 2024 국내박사

Large shipbuilding and marine industry companies are actively promoting digital transformation as their core strategy. This is part of an effort to maximize productivity and efficiency by applying cutting-edge technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI), Big data, Internet of Things(IoT), Cloud computing, Metaverse, Robots, and Digital twins. Large companies are trying to innovate through various digital transformation projects such as smart shipyards, smart ships, and smart work. On the other hand, despite fully recognizing the importance of digital transformation, SMEs(Small & Medium Enterprises) are having considerable difficulty in promoting digital transformation on their own due to problems such as lack of experts and budgets. Such a situation may lead to inefficiencies in the entire process of the shipbuilding and marine industry, and eventually reduce the competitiveness of the entire shipbuilding and marine industry. Therefore, the industrial ecosystem will be able to operate smoothly only when the entire shipbuilding and marine industry promotes digital transformation. Accordingly, it is very important to plan the entire shipbuilding and marine industry ecosystem to enable win-win cooperation through digital transformation. In this paper, a win-win collaboration model that can effectively promote digital transformation in the shipbuilding and marine industry was studied. The purpose of this study is as follows. First, it is to strengthen the promotion of efficient collaboration between large companies and SMEs through digital transformation. Through this, the two sides can build complementary relationships and achieve common goals through digital innovation. Second, based on the digital transformation win-win collaboration model, activities to promote consensus with internal and external interested organizations are carried out. Through this, various stakeholders in the shipbuilding and offshore industry sympathize with the importance and necessity of digital transformation and recognize the necessity of cooperation. Third, it is to plan and propose the task of establishing a digital transformation win-win collaboration system. Through this, concrete measures that can be practically implemented can be prepared and the digital transformation of the shipbuilding and marine industry can be effectively promoted. The research goal of this paper is to establish a digital transformation-based win-win collaboration model to maximize the performance of the shipbuilding and marine industry, and to design an effective digital transformation-based win-win collaboration system based on this. This paper conducted research in the following way. In the first chapter, studies on digital transformation at home and abroad were analyzed. Through literature research on existing research and policies on digital transformation, the meaning of digital transformation, the current situation, and the direction of development were identified. Through this, we tried to derive a basic understanding of why digital transformation is important in the shipbuilding and marine industry and in what direction to go. In the second chapter, the contents of the establishment of major technologies and systems for digital transformation applied to the shipbuilding and marine industry were grasped through fieldwork and interviews with related experts. The study focused on AI, Big data, IoT, Cloud, Metaverse, Robots, and Digital twins, which are actively applied in the shipbuilding and marine industry. In addition, the study focused on specific cases for smart shipyards, smart ships, and smart works, which are being promoted by large shipbuilding and marine companies. Through this, we took a closer look at how each technology is actually applied and what effects it has. In the third chapter, we studied the development of a win-win collaboration model based on digital transformation. In the shipbuilding and marine industry, the differences between large companies and SMEs and difficulties in digital transformation were identified in terms of analysis of collaboration methods and information sharing methods between large companies and SMEs. In addition, the benefits of collaboration were analyzed through the PI(Process Index). The process indicator is a kind of detailed KPI(Key Performance Index) that is managed for each task, and for example, the weight management of a ship is one of the important KPIs. In order to manage this KPI, the weight must be continuously managed in all tasks of design, procurement, and production. At this time, the detailed indicators that must be managed in each field are process indicators. The advantage of win-win cooperation between large companies and SMEs was derived through regression analysis on the process index between the preceding and following tasks. Finally, a collaboration model was established in the shipbuilding and marine industry by using system engineering techniques. System engineering is a discipline that systematically manages the entire life cycle from design, implementation, operation, maintenance and disposal of complex systems. By applying the system engineering methodology, the digital transformation-based win-win collaboration model was established to consist of a conceptual model, a process model, a platform model, a data exchange model, and a system model. Through this, various stakeholders in the shipbuilding and marine industry sympathize with the importance and necessity of digital transformation, recognize the necessity of cooperation, and use it as a reference model when building a digital transformation win-win collaboration system. In the fourth chapter, a strategy for building a win-win collaboration system was proposed by applying a digital transformation-based win-win collaboration model. The research was conducted in the order of deriving results by analyzing the connection with the proposed digital transformation win-win standard model using the advanced digital-based system prototype previously built for iron chairman manufacturers and processing/assembling companies. Through this, we examined in detail how the digital transformation-based win-win collaboration model can be applied in practice and what effects it can achieve. The last chapter summarizes the research and presents the direction of establishing a digital transformation-based win-win collaboration system to be promoted in the future. TOC(Theory of Constructions), Potter's diamond theory, Digital transformation technology, KS X 9101, the standard for interoperability of manufacturing data between companies, and Regression analysis theory required in the research process are summarized in the appendix. Through this, it was intended to secure the reliability and validity of the study and provide various theoretical backgrounds. Through this study, it is expected that the entire shipbuilding and marine industry ecosystem will create better results by strengthening win-win cooperation based on digital transformation. In addition, these research contents can be used as practical reference models that can be used in other industries. The digital transformation of the shipbuilding and marine industry means innovation in the entire industry beyond the introduction of technology, which will contribute to strengthening global competitiveness and achieving sustainable growth. To this end, this study attempted to present practical and concrete plans, and continuous research and efforts will be needed in the future. 조선해양산업 대기업들은 디지털 전환 (Digital Transformation) 을 핵심 전략으로 적극 추진하고 있다. 이는 인공지능(AI), 빅데이터, 사물인터넷(IoT), 클라우드 컴퓨팅, 메타버스, 로봇, 디지털 트윈 등 첨단 기술들을 적용하여 생산성과 효율성을 극대화하고자 하는 노력의 일환이다. 대기업들은 스마트 조선소(Smart Shipyard), 스마트 선박(Smart Ship), 스마트 워크(Smart Work) 등 다양한 디지털 전환 프로젝트를 통해 혁신을 꾀하고 있다. 반면, 중소기업들은 디지털 전환의 중요성을 충분히 인식하고 있음에도 불구하고, 전문가와 예산 부족 등의 문제로 인해 자체적으로 디지털 전환을 추진하는 데 상당한 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 상황은 조선해양산업 전체 프로세스의 비효율을 초래할 수 있으며, 결국 조선해양산업 전반의 경쟁력을 저하시킬 수 있다. 따라서, 조선해양산업 전체가 디지털 전환을 추진해야만 산업 생태계가 원활하게 작동할 수 있을 것이다. 이에 따라, 조선해양산업 생태계 전체가 디지털 전환을 통해 상생 협업이 가능하도록 기획하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 조선해양산업에서 효과적으로 디지털 전환을 추진할 수 있는 상생 협업 모델을 연구했다. 본 연구의 목적은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대기업과 중소기업이 디지털 전환을 통해 효율적인 협업을 추진하는 것을 강화하는 것이다. 이를 통해 양측이 상호 보완적인 관계를 구축하고, 디지털 혁신을 통해 공동의 목표를 달성할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 둘째, 디지털 전환 상생 협업 모델을 기반으로 대내외 관련 이해 조직들과의 컨센서스를 증진하는 활동을 진행하는 것이다. 이를 통해 조선해양산업 내 다양한 이해관계자들이 디지털 전환의 중요성과 필요성에 대해 공감하고, 협력의 필요성을 인식하게 하는 것이다. 셋째, 디지털 전환 상생 협업 시스템 구축 과제를 기획하고 제안하는 것이다. 이를 통해 실제로 실행 가능한 구체적인 방안을 마련하고, 조선해양산업의 디지털 전환을 효과적으로 추진할 수 있도록 하는 것이다. 본 논문의 연구 목표는 조선해양산업 성과 극대화를 위한 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업 모델을 정립하고, 이를 바탕으로 효과적인 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업 시스템을 설계하는 데 있다. 본 논문은 다음과 같은 방법으로 연구를 진행했다. 첫 번째 장에서는 국내외 디지털 전환에 대한 연구를 분석했다. 디지털 전환에 대한 기존 연구 및 정책에 대한 문헌 조사를 통해 디지털 전환의 의미와 현재 상황 및 발전 방향을 파악했다. 이를 통해 조선해양산업에서 디지털 전환이 왜 중요한지, 어떤 방향으로 나아가야 하는지에 대한 기초적인 이해를 도출하고자 했다. 두 번째 장에서는 조선해양산업에 적용중인 디지털 전환에 대한 주요 기술 및 시스템 구축에 대한 내용을 현장 실사와 관련 전문가들의 인터뷰를 통해 파악했다. 조선해양산업에서 활발하게 적용 중인 인공지능, 빅데이터, 사물인터넷(IoT), 클라우드, 메타버스, 로봇, 디지털 트윈에 중점을 두고 연구했다. 또한, 조선해양 대기업들이 중점 추진 중인 스마트 조선소, 스마트 선박, 스마트 워크에 대해서는 구체적인 사례를 중심으로 연구했다. 이를 통해 각 기술이 실제로 어떻게 적용되고 있는지, 어떤 효과를 거두고 있는지에 대해 자세히 살펴보았다. 세 번째 장에서는 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업 모델 개발에 대해 연구했다. 조선해양산업에서 대기업과 중소기업 간의 협업 방식, 정보 공유 방법에 대한 분석과 디지털 전환 측면에서 대기업과 중소기업의 차이점 및 디지털 전환의 어려움을 파악했다. 또한, 과정지표 (Process Index)를 통해 협업의 이점을 분석했다. 과정 지표는 업무마다 관리하는 세밀한 KPI (Key Performance Index)의 일종으로, 예를 들어 선박의 중량(Weight) 관리는 중요한 KPI 중 하나이다. 이 KPI 를 관리하기 위해 설계, 조달, 생산의 모든 업무에서는 중량을 지속적으로 관리해야 한다. 이때 각 분야에서 관리해야 하는 세밀한 지표가 과정지표이다. 선행업무와 후행업무 간의 과정지표에 대한 회귀분석을 통해 대기업과 중소기업 간 상생 협업의 이점을 도출했다. 마지막으로 시스템공학 기법을 사용하여 조선해양산업에서 협업 모델을 정립했다. 시스템공학은 복잡한 시스템의 설계, 구현, 운영, 유지보수 및 폐기에 이르는 전체 생애주기를 체계적으로 관리하는 학문이다. 시스템공학 방법론을 응용하여 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업 모델을 개념 모델, 프로세스 모델, 플랫폼 모델, 데이터 교환 모델 및 시스템 모델로 구성되도록 정립했다. 이를 통해 조선해양산업 내 다양한 이해관계자들이 디지털 전환의 중요성과 필요성에 대해 공감하고, 협력의 필요성을 인식하고 디지털 전환 상생 협업 시스템 구축시 참조 모델로 사용될 수 있도록 구성했다. 네 번째 장에서는 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업 모델을 적용하여 상생 협업 시스템 구축 전략을 제시했다. 철의장 제작사를 대상으로 기 구축한 첨단 디지털 기반 시스템 프로토타입을 활용하여 제시된 디지털 전환 상생 표준 모델과의 연계를 분석하여 결과를 도출하는 순서로 연구를 진행했다. 이를 통해 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업 모델이 실제로 어떻게 적용될 수 있는지, 어떤 효과를 거둘 수 있는지에 대해 자세히 살펴보았다. 마지막 장에서는 연구 내용을 요약하고, 향후 추진해야 할 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업 시스템의 구축 방향에 대해 제시하였다. 연구 과정에서 필요한 제약이론 (TOC, Theory of Constraints), 포터의 다이아몬드 이론, 디지털 전환 기술, 기업 간 제조 업무 데이터 상호운용성 표준인 KS X 9101 및 회귀분석 이론은 부록을 통해 정리했다. 이를 통해 연구의 신뢰성과 타당성을 확보하고, 다양한 이론적 배경을 제공하고자 했다. 본 연구를 통해 조선해양산업 생태계 전체가 디지털 전환 기반 상생 협업을 강화하여 더 나은 성과를 만들어 내기를 기대한다. 또한, 이러한 연구 내용은 다른 산업에서도 활용될 수 있는 실무적인 참조 모델로 사용될 수 있을 것이다. 조선해양산업의 디지털 전환은 단순한 기술 도입을 넘어, 산업 전반의 혁신을 의미하며, 이를 통해 글로벌 경쟁력을 강화하고 지속 가능한 성장을 이루는 데 기여할 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 실질적이고 구체적인 방안을 제시하고자 했으며, 앞으로도 지속적인 연구와 노력이 필요할 것이다.

효과적인 디지털 혁신 실행을 위한 연구

고광범 서강대학교 경영전문대학원 2025 국내박사

This paper discusses how advancements in digital technologies have enabled cost reduction, digital transactions, online shopping, and remote work, particularly accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. It observes that these macro-environmental changes have become drivers for businesses to accelerate digital transformation. Structural factors like advancements in digital/IT technologies and shifts in the working population are further fostering digitization. Developments in data processing, networking, and storage technologies, coupled with cost reductions, are unlocking the limitless utilization of digital assets. While the impact of digital technology varies across industries, it has already profoundly influenced many sectors. In the media industry, including music, new digital business models have given rise to emerging digital companies that weaken the position of traditional players and create new business opportunities. Digital Transformation is not merely about increasing sales or digitizing select processes; it requires defining the business model for the digital era with a clear vision and objectives. For a successful digital transformation, the entire organization must adopt digital-era work practices and reengineer processes, organizational structures, culture, and systems based on digital technologies. Moreover, businesses should establish their own digital ecosystems. By analyzing various case studies of digital transformation across domestic and international companies, this paper identifies actionable methodologies for achieving tangible results from digital transformation efforts. These methodologies include: 1. Defining Vision, Goals, and Priorities for Digital Transformation 2. End-to-End Customer Experience Innovation 3. Digitization of Core Business Processes 4. Identifying New Growth Opportunities Leveraging Digital Technologies 5. Building Foundational Capabilities such as workforce and organizational - redesign, workspace modernization, performance evaluation frameworks, data analytics, IT systems, external collaboration networks, and digital ecosystems. 6. Demonstrating Strong Leadership and Organizational Culture, with alignment between CEOs and middle management to drive transformation. The analysis reveals that the approach to maximizing the impact of digital transformation depends on whether the initiative aims to innovate a new business model or digitize an existing one. For New Business Models: -Type 1: Customer Experience and Value Innovation-Focused Approach This involves establishing entirely new digital initiatives separate from existing structures. For example, Qantas creating a digital insurance business or Hyundai Motors launching its SDV (Software Defined Vehicle) initiative demonstrates this strategy. Forming standalone business entities dedicated to new business success has proven effective. -Type 2: Cost and Operational Efficiency-Focused Approach In this approach, foundational digital capabilities—such as workforce, IT, data systems, and digital ecosystems—are first built within the existing organization, followed by pursuing digital transformation for new business models. Examples include Caterpillar’s Connect initiative and BBVA’s digital innovation efforts. For Existing Business Models: -Type 3: Customer Experience Innovation-Focused Approach This involves improving customer experience by addressing pain points and revolutionizing the customer journey through digital technologies. Successful cases include Apple Store’s customer experience improvements, NAB’s digital banking initiatives -Type 4: Operational Efficiency-Focused Approach Here, organizations pursue digital transformation with a clear organizational vision, focusing on high-priority tasks with the greatest business impact. Building consensus within the organization and effectively managing change are critical. Examples include Epic’s use of generative AI to streamline medical processes and Goldman Sachs leveraging AI to enhance analyst workflows. To institutionalize and sustain digital transformation, organizations must: -Establish digital execution capabilities within the organization based on clear internal success cases. -Reconfigure these success cases to align with the organization’s unique needs. -Ensure continuous investment in digital infrastructure and foundational capabilities. -Foster organizational change management to embed digital transformation as a core, ongoing practice. Leading companies that have successfully implemented digital transformation demonstrate significant resource allocation (approximately 5% of OPEX) toward such initiatives. They also include a substantial proportion (about 20%) of digitally skilled professionals in their workforce. Furthermore, these organizations focus heavily on fostering a culture that embraces digital transformation, setting them apart from lagging competitors. 효과적인 디지털 혁신을 위한 연구 본 연구는 디지털 기술의 발전으로 인한 비용 절감, 코로나19 팬데믹으로 인한 디지털 거래 및 온라인 장보기, 원격 근무의 활성화 등 다양한 현상이 가능하게 되었음을 이야기하면서, 이러한 거시환경 변화가 기업에 디지털 혁신을 가속하는 동기가 되었고, 디지털/IT기술 발전 및 경제 활동 인구 등의 구조적인 변화가 디지털화를 촉진하고, 데이터 처리, 네트워크, 저장 공간 기술의 발전과 비용 절감이 무한한 디지털 자산 활용을 가능하게 하고 있다고 보고 있다. 디지털 기술은 산업 간에 편차는 있으나, 이미 다양한 산업에 광범위하게 영향을 미치고 있다. 특히, 음악 등을 포함한 미디어 산업에서는 이미 디지털과 접목된 새로운 비즈니스 모델을 통한 신생 디지털 기업들이 출현하고 성장하여, 기존 전통 산업 업체들의 위치를 약화하고 신규 비즈니스 기회를 창출하고 있다. 디지털 혁신(Digital Transformation)은 명확한 비전과 목표를 가지고, 단순히 상품 판매 증대나 일부 업무 프로세스의 디지털화에 그치지 않고, 기업 전체가 디지털 시대에 맞게 비즈니스 모델을 정의하는 것이다. 성공적인 디지털 혁신을 위해서는 기업 전체가 명확한 비전을 기반으로 디지털 시대에 일하는 방식을 갖추고 프로세스/ 조직/ 문화/ 시스템을 디지털 기술 기반으로 변화시키고 더 나아가 기업만의 디지털 생태계를 구축해야 한다. 다양한 국내외 기업 디지털 혁신 관련 기업사례 분석을 통하여, 본 논문에서 제시한 실질적인 성과로 귀결되기 위한 디지털 혁신 실행 방법론은 1) 디지털 혁신의 비전/목표/우선 순위화, 2) End to End 고객 경험 혁신, 3) 핵심 업무의 디지털화, 4) 디지털 기술을 활용한 새로운 성장 사업 기회 도출, 5) 조직 & 인력, 근무 방식, 업무 공간, 업무의 방식, 성과 평가 체계 개선, 데이 터 분석, IT/기술, 외부 협력 시스템 및 디지털 생태계 구축과 같은 디지털 혁신을 수행하기 위한 기초 체력 구성 6) CEO와 중간관리자가 하나가 되는 강력한 디지털 혁신 의지 등을 포함한 리더십/조직 문화가 모두 포함된 디지털 혁신 실행 방법론이 영역별로 갖추어져야 한다. 다수의 국내외 기업 디지털 혁신 성공 사례 분석을 통해서 디지털 혁신 성공으로 가는 방법은 기업이 추진하고자 하는 디지털 혁신이 신규 비즈니스 모델의 비즈니스 혁신인지? 기존 비즈니스 모델의 디지털 혁신인지에 따라서 그 효과를 극대화할 수 있는 실행 방식은 다름을 확인할 수 있었다. 신규 비즈니스 모델의 디지털 혁신을 실행할 때 효과적인 디지털 혁신 실행을 위한 방법으로 2가지 유형을 확인할 수 있었다. 첫 번째 유형(유형1)은 신규 사업 영역을 고객 경험 개선 및 Value 혁신 방식으로 별도의 완전한 디지털 혁신을 추진하는 방식이다, 호주 항공사인 Quantas가 디지털 보험사를 설립한 것이나, 현대자동차 그룹의 SDV(Software Defined Vehicle) 등 신규 사업 모델 추진의 경우가 대표적인 사례이다. 이런 경우, 기존 조직과 분리하여 새로운 신규 사업 모델의 성공에 집중할 수 있도록 별도의 사업 조직/법인으로 구성하여 진행하도록 하는 경우가 효과적인 디지털 혁신 실행 방식이었다. 두 번째 유형 (유형2) 신규 사업 모델을 비용 및 업무 혁신 중심으로 디지털 혁신을 추진하는 경우이다. 효과적인 디지털 혁신 실행 방식은 인력, 조직, IT, 데이터, 외부 디지털 생태계 구축과 같은 디지털 기초 체력을 위한 핵심 실행 요소를 기존 조직 내에 먼저 구축하고 신규 사업 모델에 대해서 디지털 혁신을 추진하는 방식이 효과적이다. 대표적인 사례는 캐터필러의 Connect라는 신규사업 진행 및 스페인 금융 그룹인 BBVA가 대표적인 사례라고 할 수 있다. 기존 비즈니스 모델의 효과적인 디지털 혁신 실행을 위한 방식은 다수 사례를 분석한 결과, 성공적인 디지털 혁신의 실행 방식은 2가지 유형에서 각기 다른 성공적인 디지털 실행 방법론을 확인할 수 있었다. 한 가지 유형(유형3) 은 기존 비즈니스 모델의 고객 경험 혁신을 중심으로 진행하는 디지털 혁신의 경우이다. 기존 비즈니스 모델의 Value 혁신 목적으로 디지털 혁신을 실행하는 경우, End to End 고객 경험에서 시작하여 고객 경험 관련해서 고객의 Value 차원에서 불편한 근인 요소를 해결하고 고객 경험 여정을 디지털 기술로 혁신하는 방식이 가장 성공적인 디지털 혁신 실행 방식임을 확인할 수 있었다. 대표적인 사례는 Apple Store의 고객 경험 개선 사례 및 호주 은행인 NAB 사례가 있다. 기존 비즈니스 모델의 디지털 혁신을 업무 혁신 중심으로 추진하는 경우(유형 4), 전사의 일관된 목표와 비전하에, 가장 조직 내에 중요하고 비즈니스 효과가 극대화할 수 있는 우선 과제 중심으로 디지털 혁신을 추진하는 방식이 조직 내 공감대 형성 및 성공적인 변화관리를 이끌고, 디지털 혁신의 성공적인 실행을 담보할 수 있었다. 대표적인 사례는 생성형 AI를 활용하여 환자 진료 업무 프로세스를 개선한 EPIC과 AI를 활용하여 애널리스트 업무를 효과적으로 개선한 골드만삭스 사례가 있다. 성공적으로 기업 내부에 실질적인 성과를 가져다줄 수 있는 디지털 혁신을 추진하는 방법은 명확한 내부 성공 사례를 기반으로 조직 내에 디지털 실행 역량을 갖추고, 이러한 성공사례를 기반으로 디지털 혁신을 조직 내에 맞게 재구성하고, 지속적인 디지털 인프라/체력 확보 및 조직해 변화관리를 통해서 디지털 혁신의 상시화를 목표로 해야 한다. 디지털 혁신의 실행을 성 공적으로 진행해 온 선도 업체와 디지털 혁신을 미루고 있던 후발업체 간에는 확연한 차이가 발생하게 된다. 디지털 혁신의 실행에 성공한 기업들의 경우 자원의 상당 부분(약 OPEX의 5%)을 디지털 혁신에 투자하고 있으며, 조직 인력 구성도 전체 조직원의 약 20% 가까이 디지털 역량을 가진 전문인력으로 충원하고 있다. 많은 성공적인 디지털 혁신의 실행을 위해서 다수의 선도 기업이 디지털 혁신을 받아들이기 쉬운 조직 문화 혁신에 매진하고 있다.

Gauging the impact of digital transformation on firm performance. Does the ‘Digital Paradox’ hold : Evidence from China between 2000 to 2022

Chen, Shunru 한국외국어대학교 국제지역대학원 2025 국내박사

This study explores the intricate relationship between digital transformation and firm performance, focusing on the unique context of Chinese enterprises between 2000 and 2022. As China leads global digital transformation efforts, the study investigates the dual mechanisms of digitalization, encompassing its immediate challenges and long-term benefits. Grounded in theories such as the Resource-Based View (RBV), Paradox Theory, and the IT Productivity Paradox, this research highlights the inherent contradictions in digital transformation, termed the "Digital Paradox." While digital transformation enhances firms’ total factor productivity (TFP), it often negatively impacts short-term financial performance metrics like return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). This paradox arises from increased operational costs, transition inefficiencies, and misalignment in resource allocation during early adoption stages. The analysis leverages data from Chinese A-share listed firms, revealing significant heterogeneity in the outcomes of digital transformation. Industry-specific effects indicate that technology-intensive sectors experience substantial productivity gains, while traditional manufacturing and heavily polluting industries exhibit varied outcomes. Additionally, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and joint ventures appear less adversely affected by the short-term financial challenges of digitalization compared to private firms. The findings underscore the catalytic role of R&D investment in enhancing the positive impacts of digital transformation, particularly when aligned with digital strategies, and demonstrate how financial constraints can amplify these effects. The study emphasizes the importance of strategic alignment between digital initiatives and broader business goals. It argues that navigating the complexities of the digital paradox requires balancing immediate operational disruptions with long-term strategic benefits. The research also highlights the critical role of policy interventions, particularly China's "Internet Plus" strategy, in fostering the integration of digital technologies and traditional industries. These findings offer valuable insights for both scholars and practitioners, emphasizing the need for a nuanced approach that considers firm-specific factors, industry contexts, and the evolving nature of digital transformation. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the dual mechanisms through which digital transformation impacts firm performance in China. It contributes to the literature by integrating theoretical frameworks with empirical evidence, offering practical recommendations to mitigate the challenges of the digital paradox and harness the potential of digital innovation. Future research should expand on these findings by examining sectoral dynamics, varying stages of digital maturity, and robustness in mechanism analysis to further elucidate the complex interplay between digital transformation and firm performance.

Digital Transformation and Narrative Innovation in Chinese Museum Exhibitions : Case Studies of the Palace Museum and Sanxingdui Museum

CHEN CHEN 가천대학교 글로벌캠퍼스 일반대학원 2026 국내박사

In the context of deep integration of globalization and informatization, museums, as core vehicles for the conservation and transmission of cultural heritage and the provision of public cultural services, are facing dual pressures for transformation. On the one hand, there is a growing public demand for immersive, personalized, and in-depth cultural experiences. On the other hand, traditional static exhibition models are constrained by inherent limitations such as spatiotemporal barriers and monotonous narratives. This contradiction hampers the full realization of museums’ cultural dissemination effectiveness. The iterative advancement of digital technologies—such as VR/AR, 3D modeling, artificial intelligence, and digital twins—provides key technical support to help museums overcome these challenges. Practices such as the Palace Museum’s “Digital Heritage Repository” and the Sanxingdui Museum’s “Smart Museum System” have preliminarily demonstrated the feasibility of technology-enabled solutions. However, the digital transformation of Chinese museums still exhibits structural shortcomings. Some initiatives fall into the trap of “technological gimmickry,” lacking deep integration between digital tools and exhibition narratives. There is Chen Chen Dep. of Business Administration Graduate School of Gachon University also insufficient exploration of digital storytelling rooted in distinctive cultural resources, leading to prominent issues of homogenization. Moreover, weak user demand-oriented experience design and underdeveloped branding awareness have resulted in the failure to fully realize the practical effectiveness and cultural communication value of digital transformation. This study centers on the core proposition of "Synergistic Development of Digital Transformation and Exhibition Narrative Innovation in Chinese Museums." Grounded in an interdisciplinary perspective, it employs a comprehensive methodology encompassing literature analysis, interdisciplinary research, case studies, and empirical research to systematically conduct theoretical construction and practical exploration. Firstly, by reviewing relevant domestic and international research, the study defines core concepts such as museum digital transformation, exhibition narrative, and technology-narrative integration, clarifying the internal logic and theoretical underpinnings of their synergistic development. Secondly, it analyzes the current state of digital transformation and exhibition narrative development in Chinese museums, summarizing the application scenarios and phased achievements of digital technologies in exhibitions. Concurrently, it focuses on core issues such as technical bottlenecks, talent shortages, the disconnection between narrative and technology, and insufficient institutional support, thereby distilling practical principles for their integration. Thirdly, selecting the Palace Museum and the Sanxingdui Museum as case studies, it conducts an in-depth deconstruction, based on narratological theory, of these two types of museums' practical pathways in areas such as the reconstruction of narrative subjects in digital storytelling, innovation in narrative structures, and the integration of cross-media narratives, followed by a comparative analysis of their common features and distinctive differences. Finally, addressing the existing problems, the study constructs a system of four innovative strategies—technology-driven development, digital regeneration of cultural content, cultivation of interdisciplinary talent, and institutional policy support—and proposes a long-term mechanism for the synergistic development of digital transformation and exhibition narrative innovation. Research indicates that the deep synergy between digital transformation and exhibition narrative innovation is an imperative for museums to adapt to contemporary developments and respond to public demands. The core contributions of this study are threefold. Theoretically, it constructs a systematic and localized framework for the synergistic development of digitalization and narrative in museums, delineating the intrinsic mechanisms of deep technology-narrative integration and offering a new analytical perspective for related research. Practically, by extracting differentiated pathways and a quartet of innovation strategies from dual case studies, it provides actionable guidance for the digital transformation of various types of museums, such as history and heritage-site museums. In terms of value, the study offers academic support and practical reference for promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of museum collections, as well as for enhancing the effectiveness of public cultural services and the reach of cultural dissemination.

Can Digital Transformation Empower green innovation for enterprises? : Evidence from A-share listed companies in China

Feng Yu Sheng 경기대학교 대학원 2025 국내박사

기술의 지속적인 발전으로 인해 빅 데이터, 인공 지능, 클라우드 컴퓨팅 등의 기술은 디지털 경제를 깊이 있는 변화로 이끌었습니다. 이는 산업과 기업 생태계를 근본적으로 재구성하며 경제적 풍경에 영향을 미쳤습니다. 디지털 경제의 미시 수준에서는 기업의 디지털 변형에 초점이 맞추어지고 있습니다. "이중 탄소" 목표 하에 기업의 디지털 변형이 친환경 혁신을 효과적으로 촉진할 수 있는지는 탐구할 가치가 있는 중요한 문제입니다. 본 연구는 2012년부터 2022년까지의 중국 상장 기업 데이터를 활용하여 기업의 디지털 변형이 친환경 혁신에 미치는 영향과 메커니즘을 조사하고, 구체적이고 전략적 혁신에 대한 디지털 변형의 영향도 살펴보고 있습니다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같습니다: 첫째, 기업의 디지털 변형은 친환경 기술 혁신, 구체적 혁신 및 전략적 혁신에 유의한 긍정적인 영향을 미칩니다. 이 결론은 강건성 검정을 거친 후에도 유효하며, 구체적 혁신에 대한 영향이 전략적 혁신에 비해 강력합니다. 둘째, 이질성 분석을 통해 다양한 특성, 규모, 지역 및 산업을 기반으로 한 차이를 탐구합니다. 분석 결과, 디지털 변형은 대기업의 친환경 혁신의 품질과 효율을 개선하는 데 보다 두드러지는 영향을 미치며, 소규모 민간 기업에도 주도적인 효과를 미칩니다. 더 나아가 중부 지역 대비 디지털 변형이 중서부 지역에서 친환경 혁신을 촉진하는 영향이 더 크며, 고오염 산업 여부에 상관없이 친환경 혁신에 대한 영향이 유의합니다. 셋째, 기업의 지배 구조와 자금 제약의 메커니즘을 검증합니다. 경험적 결과는 기업의 디지털 변형이 기업의 지배 구조를 강화하고 자금 제약을 완화함으로써 친환경 혁신을 촉진한다는 것을 나타냅니다. 마지막으로, 본 연구는 빅 데이터, 인공 지능, 클라우드 컴퓨팅, 블록체인 및 사물 인터넷의 촉진 효과를 더 자세히 탐구합니다. 블록체인 기술을 제외한 기술의 하부 응용 기술은 모두 기업의 친환경 혁신을 증진시킬 수 있습니다. 이 연구 결과는 기업의 디지털 변형을 촉진하고 친환경 및 저탄소 전환을 더 잘 달성하기 위한 실증적 증거를 제공합니다. 주요 단어: 디지털 변형; 친환경 혁신; 기업 지배 구조; 자금 제약 With the continuous development of technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing, the digital economy has profoundly reshaped industries and corporate ecosystems, influencing the economic landscape. At the micro level, the focus of the digital economy is on enterprise digital transformation. Under the "dual-carbon" goal, whether enterprise digital transformation can effectively promote green innovation is an important issue worth exploring. This study utilizes data from Chinese listed companies from 2012 to 2022 to investigate the impact and mechanisms of enterprise digital transformation on green innovation, and also delves into the effects of digital transformation on substantive and strategic innovation. The research findings are as follows: Firstly, enterprise digital transformation has a significant positive impact on green technology innovation, substantive innovation, and strategic innovation. This conclusion holds true even after a series of robustness tests, and the effect on substantive innovation is stronger compared to strategic innovation. Secondly, through heterogeneity analysis, the study explores differences based on different characteristics, sizes, regions, and industries. The analysis reveals that digital transformation has a more pronounced effect on improving the quality and efficiency of green innovation in large enterprises, and it also has a driving effect on small private enterprises. Furthermore, compared to the central region, the impact of enterprise digital transformation on promoting green innovation in the central and western regions is more significant, and its effect on green innovation remains significant regardless of whether it is in a high-pollution industry. Thirdly, the study verifies the mechanisms of corporate governance and financing constraints. The empirical results indicate that enterprise digital transformation promotes green innovation by enhancing corporate governance and alleviating financing constraints. Finally, the study further explores the promotion effects of big data, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, blockchain, and the Internet of Things on enterprise green innovation. Except for blockchain technology, underlying application technologies can all enhance enterprise green innovation. The research findings contribute to promoting enterprise digital transformation and provide empirical evidence for better achieving green and low-carbon transformation.

디지털 트랜스포메이션 기반 전북신용보증재단의 금융 비즈니스 모델 연구

유선주 전북대학교 경영대학원 2023 국내석사

The topic of discussion is digital transformation. As remote interactions have become the norm due to COVID-19, it has completely changed our daily lives and has empowered the momentum of digital transformation in companies. Digital transformation is a business model that combines technology and management to generate new value. Recently, it has evolved beyond technological integration to include convergence with financial institutions and big tech companies, as well as integration with the IT industry in finance. The goal of digital transformation is sustainable growth. In this study, we analyze the background of digital transformation and its representative technologies, and explore domestic and international service models. Finally, we aim to validate a business model that effectively supports small and medium-sized enterprises (Small business owners) by utilizing technology and to explore innovative changes in the internal organization of the Credit Guarantee Fund. This research utilizes statistical data from the Credit Guarantee Fund Central Association and references books on fintech and digital transformation to draw conclusions. Due to a lack of sufficient relevant theses, a wide range of data from academic journals and various financial institutions was used to observe changes in the Credit Guarantee Fund. In particular, a significant amount of overseas cases were utilized, as a variety of materials are available online and through related literature, enabling the analysis of empirical data. As a result, the following business models are proposed: 1. Introduction of MyData: The introduction of MyData, which requires obtaining customer consent, is essential for building a credit information system and an integrated platform utilizing non-financial information. 2. Expansion of financial support utilizing digital transformation technology: It was found that using big data and machine learning enables broad financial support from underserved borrowers with low credit scores to customers with no financial history. It was also discovered that utilizing non-financial information big data allows for more sophisticated credit rating systems and risk management. 3. Construction of an integrated financial platform for Small business owners: The Credit Guarantee Fund should create a "Small business owners Integrated Financial Platform" that manages information from various financial institutions in one app. The integrated platform allows for centralized management of information previously held separately by different financial institutions. It also indicates the possibility of providing services such as service comparison and analysis of interest rates and limits, credit rating management, and asset management for personal financial services. 4. Public O2O platform: To promote the mutual growth of Small business owners and customers, we explored a public platform with low commissions, low advertising fees, and low delivery agent fees. Through this platform, customers can access services both online and offline, and most importantly, the Credit Guarantee Fund can obtain high-quality data that is not available through financial data alone, creating a win-win platform for Small business owners, customers, and the Credit Guarantee Fund. Lastly, to activate digital transformation effectively, it is necessary to establish a flexible organizational culture, adopt agile organizational management methods, secure digital talent, and collaborate with digital companies. Digital transformation is a cultural transformation that precedes technological transformation and requires a transformation of the mindset of the organization. Only through changes in organizational culture and thinking can new value be created through technology, enabling sustainable growth of the company. Additionally, strong leadership is required for the convergence of digital organizations and traditional organizations, and we also discussed the importance of carefully considering the needs of offline competition by reflecting nuanced needs in store planning. Therefore, this study holds practical usefulness in utilizing digital transformation as a tool for sustainable growth. However, before the convergence of management and technology, it is important to identify the value customers need, reflect on the insights required by the organization, and lead technological changes. This attempt to understand the essence of digital transformation is meaningful.

A STUDY OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF BROADCASTING COMPANIES IN TANZANIA

KHERIKHERI KOMBO 숭실대학교 정보과학대학원 2023 국내석사

ABSTRACT A STUDY OF FACTORS AFFECTING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF BROADACSTING COMPANIES IN TANZANIA KHERI KOMBO KHERI Department of Digital Transformation Technology Graduate School of Soongsil University This research paper examines the factors affecting digital transformation technology for sustainable development of broadcasting companies in Tanzania. Digital technologies are explained with application examples for examples the big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, Drone Technology, Augmented reality, Internet of Things (IoT) etc. Through a quantitative surveys approach conducted among broadcasting companies and other citizen who have knowledge of digital transformation Technology, the study analyzes the benefits and challenges of adopting digital technology. It highlights the potential of digital broadcasting to align with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), promoting education, gender equality, and environmental awareness. The research addresses barriers to digital transformation, including infrastructural limitations, financial constraints, and regulatory complexities. Emphasizing the importance of sustainability, the paper underscores reducing environmental impacts and promoting socially responsible content. The findings contribute to enhancing the digital adoption process and fostering sustainable practices among Tanzanian broadcasting companies, enabling them to leverage technology for broader social and environmental impact. Keywords: Digital technology; digital transformation; sustainability; SDGs, Digital Broadcasting, Adoption

The Study on Governance of Digital Transformation on Corporate Violations: Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies

CHANG QINDONG 가천대학교 글로벌캠퍼스 일반대학원 2025 국내박사

In the process of promoting the healthy development of the capital market, how to achieve effective governance of corporate violations has always been a major problem plaguing both the practical and academic communities. Compared with major developed countries in the West, China's capital market is facing serious challenges while developing rapidly, and one of the most prominent problems is the increasing prevalence of violations by listed companies. It has been amply proved that the current model of corporate governance not only fails to effectively restrain violations and chaos, but also largely provides a rich soil for violations to flourish. With the accelerated breakthrough and in-depth application of digital technology, the traditional corporate governance model is undergoing significant changes, which not only profoundly affects the transformation of the concept of corporate decision-making, but also opens up new paths for adequately curbing violations. Based on the fraud triangle theory, principal-agent theory and stakeholder theory, and supported by the research results in the field of digital transformation and corporate violations, this study empirically examines the breach governance effect of digital transformation. The principal findings can be summarized as follows. First, digital transformation can significantly curb corporate violations. Empirical research based on the fraud triangle theory and principal-agent theory found that digital transformation has a real governance effect that effectively reduces the occurrence of corporate violations, as evidenced by the fact that the higher the degree of digital transformation, the lower the number of violations generated by the enterprise as a whole. Second, internal governance mechanisms can have a significant mediating effect. Empirical research based on information transfer theory found that information transparency plays a partial mediating role in digital transformation to curb corporate violations. Empirical research based on dynamic capability theory found that the internal control level plays a partial mediating role in digital transformation to curb corporate violations. Third, external oversight mechanisms can have a significant moderating effect. Empirical research based on stakeholder theory found that external monitoring factors, such as independent audit, media attention, and analyst tracking, can strengthen the dampening effect of digital transformation on corporate violations. Fourth, there is heterogeneity in the inhibitory effect of digital transformation on corporate violations. Empirical research based on the perspective of firm characteristics found that the inhibitory effect of digital transformation on corporate violations shows heterogeneity across firms with different property rights, different sizes, and different industries. Digital transformation plays a better role in violation governance in non-SOEs compared to SOEs. Digital transformation plays a better role in violation governance in large enterprises compared to SMEs. Digital transformation plays a better role in violation governance in manufacturing compared to non-manufacturing. Fifth, there is variability in the effectiveness of digital transformation on the governance of corporate violations. Empirical research based on the perspective of violation types found that digital transformation shows differential effects on the governance of corporate violations of different natures, different subjects, and different severity. Digital transformation has a significant dampening effect on both disclosure violations and operational violations, but is less effective in governing leadership violations. Digital transformation is more effective in governing executive violations than shareholder violations. Digital transformation is more effective in governing serious violations than general violations. This study verifies the inhibitory effect of digital transformation on corporate violations, and provides effective support for enterprises to regulate their own behaviors with the help of digital technology, thereby reducing various violation risks that may exist in the traditional governance system, and fully promoting the compliance and healthy development of listed enterprises in China. The possible innovations and marginal contributions of this study are as follows. First, it systematically examines the relationship between digital transformation and corporate violations, and uncovers the "black box" of digital transformation affecting corporate violations, which not only expands and enriches the research themes and horizons in the field of corporate governance, but also provides a new perspective for the study of corporate governance in the era of digital economy. Second, the mechanism of digital transformation on corporate violations is analysed from two paths: information asymmetry and internal control level, in order to gain a deeper understanding of how digital transformation exerts violation governance effects, and to provide new ideas for responding to effectively curb corporate violations. Third, the moderating effect of external monitoring factors is explored from three perspectives: independent audit, media attention and analyst tracking, which expands the applicable boundaries of digital transformation to curb corporate violations and helps guide external forces to give full play to corporate governance, which greatly enhances the practical value of this study. Fourth, a heterogeneity analysis is conducted based on the internal and external governance characteristics of firms, which clarifies the scenarios in which digital transformation inhibits the play of corporate violations and provides guidance for regulators to strengthen corporate governance in a targeted manner. Fifth, it analyses the differences in the governance of different violations by digital transformation, which more clearly identifies the scope of application of the findings of the study, and improve the efficiency of enterprises to use digital tools to enhance the governance of violations.

기업 디지털 전환의 수용 의도에 영향을 미치는 결정요인 : 중국 중소 제조업을 중심으로

왕역선 중앙대학교 대학원 2023 국내석사

Digital transformation has become the new norm and is perceived as an important component to transform the firms' businesses. It has revolutionized the way in which firms conduct their businesses. According to the data, a company's digital transformation is a coexistence of high returns and high failure rates. It is urgent to increase the success rate of digital transformation. Nevertheless, the literature has not widely examined the holistic impact of determinants of digital transformation acceptance intention on manufacturing. The study taking China's small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises as the research object aims at identify the determinants of digital transformation acceptance intention in the manufacturing industry. Specifically, the relationship between competitive pressure, human readiness, IT readiness, Business-IT alignment and digital transformation acceptance intention were tested. Through various social network platforms (WeChat, Weibo, Douban, Survey Star, etc.) questionnaires were administered to the professionals who are involved in the digital transformation process in manufacturing industry. Using the empirical research method reveals that there is a considerable impact of competitive pressure and Business-IT alignment on digital transformation acceptance intention. The positive impact of Human readiness or IT readiness on the digital transformation acceptance intention of manufacturing enterprises is not significant. The research empirically verified the deterninants of digital transformation acceptance intention based on TOE framwork. Utilizing IT capabilities, combining internal information technology with the enterprise strategy, and paying attention to dynamic changes and competition in the external environment provides strategic significance that can promote digital transformation acceptance intention. To assess changing customer preferences and avoid unexpected impacts on the business, firms can identify threats or opportunities to implement the first-mover's advantages. In addition, shared vision of managers, IT experts, marketing teams, and HR functions in an organization will contribute to digital transformation acceptance intention. 디지털 전환은 새로운 표준이 되었고 기업의 경영 활동을 변화시키는 중요한 구성 요소로 인식되고 있다. 이는 기업의 사업 수행 방식을 경영 활동의 디지털화로 완전히 전환시킨다. 데이터에 따르면 기업 디지털 전환에는 높은 수익률과 높은 실패율이 공존한다. 그런 만큼 디지털 전환의 성공률을 높이는 것이 시급하다. 그러나 기존 연구에서는 제조업 분야의 디지털 전환의 수용 의도에 대한 결정요인에 관한 광범위한 조사가 이루어지지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 중국의 중소 제조 기업을 대상으로 제조업에서 디지털 전환의 수용 의도에 관한 결정요인을 조사하고자 했다. 구체적으로 ‘경쟁압력’, ‘구성원의 준비성’, ‘IT 준비성’, ‘전략적 일치성’이 디지털 전환의 수용 의도에 어떤 영향을 끼치는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 제조업 디지털 전환 과정에 참여하는 전문가를 대상으로 각종 소셜 네트워크 플랫폼(위챗, 웨이보, 더우반, 설문 스타 등)을 통해 온라인 설문 조사를 시행했다. 연구 결과에 따르면 경쟁압력과 전략적 일치성은 디지털 전환의 수용 의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지만, 구성원의 준비성과 IT 준비성은 디지털 전환의 수용 의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 기술-조직-환경 이론을 통해 기업 내·외부 차원에서 디지털 전환의 수용 의도의 결정요인을 실증적으로 검증했다. IT 역량을 사용하고, 내부 정보기술과 기업 전략을 통합하며, 외부 환경의 역동적인 변화와 경쟁에 유의하는 것은 기업의 디지털 전환의 수용 의도를 촉진하는 전략적 시사점을 제공한다. 이를 통해 기업은 변화하는 고객 선호도를 평가하고, 예기치 않은 비즈니스 영향을 피하기 위해 위협 또는 기회를 식별하는 선점자의 이점을 구현할 수 있다. 조직 관리자, IT 전문가, 마케팅 및 HR 기능 간의 전략적 일치성을 유지하는 것은 기업의 디지털 전환을 구현하게 할 것이다.

물류기업의 디지털 지향성이 디지털 전환과 기업성과에 미치는 영향

김홍주 중앙대학교 대학원 2022 국내박사

Due to the financial crisis and low growth of global economy, Socially high risk situations such as low consumption and high unemployment have continued to occur in the global economy and automation or digitalization is required starting from industrial manufactures. In the logistics industry, digital transformation is rapidly being applied mainly by SMEs logistics companies and MNEs are also aware of the need to apply digital technology, MNEs are experiencing many challenges in terms of agility and linkage with existing businesses, so active responses to uncertainties caused by people are required. However, in the rapidly changing logistics environment and application of new digital technologies, awareness of market change, operational problem and solutions in other to maintain the competitive advantage of logistics companies and increase corporate performance allows them to respond to market changes and uncertainties. then Digital Transformation will have a positive impact on business performance. In this study, the recognition level and importance level of digital transformation in the logistics industry are identified through the analysis of the current status of digital transformation in logistics companies, also competition and environment changes caused by the development of digital technology that affect the formation of digital orientation are analyzed. Lastly this study will analyzes the causation between the competitive pressure and customer demand caused from the supply driven market and demand driven market including the effect of digital orientation on digital transformation and financial performance. This study analyzed the characteristics of digital transformation and systematization the definition of digital transformation through previous studies. In addition a case study of digital transformation application in the logistics field was analyzed. In other to explain the theoretical background of digital orientation and digital transformation, the concepts of digital orientation and digital transformation were identified. This study was conducted based on domestic and foreign prior research on digital orientation. Based on this, in other to form a causation of dogital orientation, conceptual and empirical studies were conducted through existing literature studies related to digital orientation and conceptual definitions of terms to be used in this study were established. Theoretical prior studies on variables, data collection, research methods and causality were reviewed. The research model presented model through exploratory research on the perception pattern of digital transformation and the central standard through the overall average value through Importance-Performance Analysis to evaluate the degree of digital transformation. The result was divided into four service strategy areas named Maintenance area, Overinvestment area, Intensive Improvement area and Improvement target area. based on importance and performance by selecting a method to determined to verify the effect of digital transformation on performance, reliability and validation were checked and the causation of the research model was verified using PLS-SEM. The results of this study are as following. Competitive Pressure has a significant influence on Digital Orientation. Competitive Risk and Customer Awareness do not have a signification influence on Digital Orientation. And it was said that Digital Orientation has a signification effect on Digital Transformation but Digital Transformation did not have a significant effect on Corporate Financial Performance. This study is to confirm the effect of Digital Orientation in the logistics industry on Digital Transformation and Performance and suggest alternatives. It can be said that Digital Transformation can be applied to the logistics industry and contribute to Corporate Performance through thorough review, application and maintenance of these factors in depth. 글로벌 경제는 금융위기 및 세계경제의 저성장으로 인해 사회적으로 저소비, 높은 실업률 등 고 위험성 상황이 지속되어 왔다, 하지만 소비의 형태의 변화로 제조업을 필두로 경쟁력의 강화와 일자리 감소를 해결하기 위해 제조업을 중심으로 자동화 혹은 디지털화가 요구된다. 물류산업 역시 중소 물류기업(SME)을 중심으로 디지털 전환이 급속도로 적용되고 있으며 다국적 기업 또한 디지털 기술의 적용의 필요성에 대해 인지하고 있지만 민첩성 및 기존사업과의 연계의 측면에서 많은 어려움을 격고 있어 경쟁자들에 의한 불확실성에 대한 적극적인 대응이 요구된다. 그러나 급속도로 변화하는 물류 환경 및 새로운 디지털 기술 적용은 물류기업의 경쟁우위를 유지하고 기업의 성과를 높이기 위해서 시장변화, 현업에서 운영상 직면한 문제 및 해결책에 대해 인식은 시장변화 및 불확실성에 대응하게 해주고 디지털 전환은 기업성과에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 것이다. 본 연구에서는 물류기업에서의 디지털 전환의 현황 분석을 통해 물류산업에서의 디지털 전환의 인식 수준과 중요도 수준을 파악하고, 디지털 지향성 형성에 있어서 영향을 미치는 디지털 기술의 발전에 의한 경쟁과 환경의 변화에 의한 경쟁적 압박과 공급 주도의 시장에서 수요 주도 시장으로의 변화에 의한 고객의 요구와의 인과관계를 분석하고 디지털 지향성이 디지털 전환과 재무성과에 미치는 영향을 연구하려 한다. 본 연구는 디지털 전환의 특징을 파악하고 디지털 전환의 정의를 선행연구를 통하여 체계화하였다. 또한 물류분야에서의 디지털 전환 적용 사례분석을 하였다. 디지털 전환의 이론적 배경을 설명하기 위해 디지털 지향성과 디지털 전환의 개념을 파악하고, 디지털 지향성의 국내외 선행연구를 기반으로 실시하였다. 이를 기반으로 디지털 지향성의 인과관계를 형성하기 위하여 디지털 지향성 과련 기존 문헌연구를 통해 개념적 연구와 실증연구를 실시하여 본 연구에서 사용될 용어의 개념적 정의를 정립하였으며 실증연구를 통해 디지털 지향성을 연구함에 있어서의 변수, 데이터 수집 및 연구 방법 그리고 인과관계에 대한 이론적 선행연구를 고찰 하였다. 연구모형은 디지털 전환에 대한 인식의 패턴을 탐색적 연구를 통한 모형을 제시하였으며, 디지털 전환 정도에 대한 평가를 하기위한 중요도-수요도 (IPA)분석을 통해 중심적 기준사레를 전체 평균값을 통해 그 값을 중앙값으로 결정하는 방법을 선택하여 중요도와 수행도를 기준으로 유지관리영역, 과잉투자영역, 중점개선 영역, 개선 대상영역 총 네 개의 서비스 전략 영역으로 구분하였고 도출하고 해당 요인과 영역별 특징을 기술하였다. 디지털 지향성과 디지털 전환이 성과에 미치는 영향을 검증하기 위해 신뢰성과 타당성을 확인하고 PLS-SEM을 사용하여 연구모형의 인과관계를 검증하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 경쟁적 압박은 디지털 지향성에 유의한 정에 영향을 미치고 경쟁적 리스크와 고객 인지정도는 유의한 정에 영향을 미치지 않는다. 그리고 디지털 지향성은 디지털 전환에 유의한 정에 영향을 미치고 디지털 전환은 기업의 재무성과에 유의한 정에 영향을 미치지 않는다고 하였다. 본 연구는 물류산업에서의 디지털 지향성이 디지털 전환과 성과에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 대안을 제시하기 위함으로 디지털 지향성의 선행요인이 디지털 지향성에 미치는 영향의 인과관계와 디지털 지향성이 디지털 전환과 성과에 미치는 인과관계를 살펴보았다는 점에서 학문적으로 의의를 가진다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 요인들의 신중한 검토, 적용 및 유지보수로 인한 기업의 경쟁우위 확보 및 유지보수는 디지털 전환이 물류산업에 적용되어 기업성과에 기여할 수 있다고 할 수 있을 것이다.