사회복지전공 대학생의 진로역량이 진로준비행동에 미치는 영향

김한솔 공주대학교 일반대학원 2020 국내석사

University students are having difficulties in determining their career due to the recent rise in youth unemployment, and they need to recognize the importance of career capabilities amid changes in the world of work requiring the cultivation of skilled manpower. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine how much influence of career competence of social welfare university students on their career preparation behavior. The Collected data for this study were included open-ended surveys and questionnaires, interviews from social welfare in Chung-cheong-nam-do province directly for 15 days from September 2 to September 17, 2019, and the total of 236 questionnaires were used for the final analysis. The Collected data were for included frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, t-test, ANOVA analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis using the SPSS 25.0 statistical program. First, as the result of analyzed career competency and career preparation behavior level, career competency level was 3.60 points (five points) or higher, and career preparation behavior level was 3.18 points (five points). Second, the result of analysis of the differences between career capabilities and career preparation behaviors according to general characteristics, the career preparation activities for the students who got high grade or completed internship training were higher than the other students who have not done. Third, as a result of analyzed the mutual relation between characteristics and career competencies, information gathering behaviors, tool preparation behaviors, and goal achievement behaviors, which are sub-factors of the overall career preparation behaviors and career preparation behaviors, were grade, field experience, career capability, career significant positive correlations were found among reflection, self-reflection, self-expression, networking, career search, and career management. Fourth, the results of a regression analysis to identify the variables that impact on the career preparation activities of university students majoring in social welfare showed that the career preparation behaviors of the students who were experienced and completed internship were higher than the students have not done. In addition, when the level of networking, career searching, and career management as the sub-factors of career competency is higher, the career preparation activities are higher. Also Information collection activities are higher than the others when the students were experience and completed internship training. Variations affecting tool preparation behavior, which is a sub-factor of career preparation behavior, were higher in grade, and higher in self-examination, career exploration, and career management among lower factors of career competency, higher in tool preparation behavior. Variables that affect target attainment behavior, which is a sub-factor of career preparation actions, had experience in field practice, and among the lower factors of career capabilities, the higher the networking, career exploration and career management, the higher the target attainment behavior. In conclusion, the sub-factors of career competence of social welfare university students are networking, career search, and career management and it was showed that the sub-factors provided the positive impacts on their career preparation activities through the analysis on sub-factors. Suggestions from the analysis results of this study are as follows. First suggestion is that university students of social welfare are required the measures to improve their career competencies as the sub-factors; networking, job searching, and career management. Through the analysis of sub-factors, if the students have their high career competencies, they have high career preparation activities. Therefore, in order to improve their career competencies constantly on the sub-factors; networking, job searching, and career management, the university needs to open the new courses in the university curriculum related to the sub-factors of career competencies. Second, the field practice of university students majoring in social welfare requires various forms and reinforcement. suggestion is that students’ job internship showed a positive impact on career competencies and the university students of social welfare need to complete their internship training with a short term or a long term program to build their positive career preparation activities and make their career preparation experiences. To this end, it is necessary to implement internship development cooperation between social welfare institutions and universities by securing field training institutions and developing programs. 대학생들은 최근 청년 실업의 증가로 진로결정에 대한 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 숙련된 인력양성을 요구하는 직업세계의 변화 속에서 진로역량에 대한 중요성을 인식할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 사회복지전공 대학생의 진로역량이 진로준비행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는데 있다. 본 연구의 자료수집은 충청남도 소재의 사회복지전공 대학생을 중심으로 2019년 9월 2일부터 9월 17일까지 약 15일간에 걸쳐 직접 설문지를 배부하고 회수하였으며, 총 236부의 설문지를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 수립된 자료는 SPSS 25.0 통계프로그램을 사용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계 분석, t검정, 일원배치분산분석, 상관관계분석, 회귀분석 등을 실시하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진로역량과 진로준비행동 수준을 분석한 결과, 진로역량의 수준은 3.60점(5점 기준)으로 보통 이상이며, 진로준비행동 수준은 3.18점(5점 기준)으로 나타났다. 둘째, 일반적 특성에 따른 진로역량과 진로준비행동의 차이를 분석한 결과, 진로준비행동은 학년이 높을수록, 현장실습 경험이 있을수록 높았다. 셋째, 일반적 특성과 진로역량 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 진로준비행동 전체와 진로준비행동의 하위요인인 정보수집행동, 도구준비행동, 목표달성행동 등은 학년, 현장실습 경험, 진로역량, 진로성찰, 자기성찰, 자기표현, 네트워킹, 진로탐색, 진로관리 등과 유의미한 정적(+) 상관관계를 나타내었다. 넷째, 사회복지전공 대학생의 진로준비행동에 영향을 미치는 변인을 알아보기 위해 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 진로준비행동 전체를 종속변수로 하였을 때, 학년이 높을수록, 현장실습 경험이 있을수록 진로준비행동이 높았다. 또한, 진로역량의 하위요인인 네트워킹, 진로탐색, 진로관리 등이 높을수록 진로준비행동이 높았다. 진로준비행동의 하위요인인 정보수집행동은 학년이 높을수록, 진로역량의 하위요인 중 자기표현, 진로탐색, 진로관리 등이 높을수록 높았다. 진로준비행동의 하위요인인 도구준비행동은 학년이 높을수록, 진로역량의 하위요인 중 진로탐색, 진로관리 등이 높을수록 높았다. 진로준비행동의 하위요인인 목표달성행동은 현장실습 경험이 있을수록, 진로역량의 하위요인 중 네트워킹, 진로탐색, 진로관리 등이 높을수록 높았다. 이상의 결론을 종합해 보면, 사회복지전공 대학생의 진로역량의 하위요인인 네트워킹, 진로탐색, 진로관리 등은 진로준비행동에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구의 분석 결과를 통한 제언은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회복지전공 대학생의 진로역량의 하위요인인 네트워킹, 진로탐색, 진로관리 등을 높일 수 있는 방안이 요구된다. 이는 사회복지전공 대학생의 진로역량이 높을수록 진로준비행동이 높은 것으로 나타났기 때문이다. 따라서 사회복지전공 대학생의 진로역량의 하위요인인 네트워킹, 진로탐색, 진로관리 등을 지속적으로 향상시키기 위해서는 대학교육과정에서 진로역량과 관련된 교양강의를 개설하는 것이 필요하다. 둘째, 사회복지전공 대학생의 현장실습은 다양한 형태와 강화가 필요하다. 사회복지전공 대학생의 일반적 특성인 현장실습 경험이 진로준비행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났기 때문이다. 따라서 사회복지전공 대학생의 긍정적인 진로준비행동을 위해서는 단기 또는 장기의 현장실습, 학기제 현장실습 등의 다양한 형태의 현장실습교육이 이루어져야 할 것이다. 이를 위해 현장실습기관의 확보와 프로그램의 개발을 통해 사회복지기관과 대학교 간의 인턴십 개발협력을 구현할 필요가 있다.

지역별 응급의료접근성이 노인의 허혈성 심장질환 사망률에 미치는 영향

고은정 공주대학교 일반대학원 2021 국내석사

Objective : This study is a data analysis study to identify the cause of the difference and to suggest appropriate improvements by analyzing regional emergency medical access, visit time (30minutes) and emergency medical death of elderly patients with ischemic heart disease. Methods : This study collected data from NEDIS(National Emergency Department Information System) and from the National Statistical Office. A total of 75,867 patients over 65 years old were analyzed among the patients with ischemic heart disease who visited emergency medical institutions for one year from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. The analysis related to the patient’s visit time (30 minutes) was performed only on patients with acute myocardial infarction due to the nature of the variable. There were 25,753 patients, and 21,128 patients were analyzed excluding 4,625 patients with missing values. For the collected data, frequency analysis, chi-square test, logistic regression analysis, and simple logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS PC Window 25.0 Results : The results of this study are as follows. 1) As a result of emergency medical treatment for ischemic heart disease in the elderly, the death rate was 1.2%, and the arrival rate of emergency medical institutions for less than 30 minutes after the onset of acute myocardial infarction in the elderly was 7.1%. 2) Direct visits from all regions were higher than those of other routes, with Jeju (75.5%), and Gyeongbuk (75.4%) being the highest. The region with the highest transfer rate was Gwangju (40.3%) (p=.000). The region with the highest utilization rate of 119 ambulances was Jeju (45.3%) and the lowest region was Gwangju (22.1%). Chungbuk (55.3%) was the region with the highest use of other automobiles, and Jeju (43.8%) was the lowest (p=.000). 3) The number of emergency medical resources was in the order of Gyeonggi, Seoul, and Gyeongnam, followed by Jeju and Ulsan. The number of emergency medical resources per 100,000 people was in the order of Gangwon, Jeonnam, and Gyeongbuk, followed by Gyeonggi and Seoul the least. The number of emergency medical resources per 100km2 of area was the highest in Seoul, Busan and Gwangju, and the lowest in Gyeongbuk and Gangwon. 4) The effects of general characteristics on the arrival of emergency medical facilities within 30 minutes after onset were expressed by age, visit route, visit way, initial severity classification, and region. The odds ratio of arrivals within 30 minutes decreased in all ages compared to 65-69 years old. It decreased to 0.220 times for external transfer than for direct visits. In addition, the odds ratio decreased when using other ambulances (0.404 times) and other cars (0.470 times) than 119 ambulances. The odds ratio of arrival decreased at all stages than level 1 of the initial severity classification. From Seoul, Gwangju (0.525 times), Busan (0.535 times), Jeonbuk (0.613 times), Gangwon (0.617 times), Gyeonggi (0.694 times), and Gyeongnam (0.741 times) decreased in that order(p<.05). 5) The effect of regional emergency medical access on arrival within 30 minutes after the onset, the odds ratio appeared to increase when the number of ambulances (1.001 times), regional emergency medical centers (1.042 times), local emergency medical centers (1.015 times), and angiography devices (1.003 times) increase (p<.01). In addition, as an emergency medical resource per 100km2 of area, fire departments (1.019 times), ambulances (1.016 times), paramedics (1.002 times), regional emergency medical centers (1.538 times), local emergency medical centers (1.098 times), and angiography devices (1.014 times) was found to increase the odds ratio for arrivals under 30 minutes(p<.001). 6) As for the effect of general characteristics on the mortality of elderly patients with ischemic heart disease, the risk ratio of death as a result of emergency treatment increased as the age increased from 65-69 years old(except 70-75 years old). The risk ratio decreased when using other vehicles (0.273 times) than 119 ambulances, and when the initial severity classification severity was lower than level 1, the death risk ratio decreased. Compared to Seoul, the risk of death increased as the following order: Daegu (3.477 times), Ulsan (3.073 times), Jeju (2.614 times), Jeonbuk (2.053 times), Busan (2.004 times), Chungnam (1.976 times), Chungbuk (1.891 times), Gwangju (1.848 times), Gyeongnam (1.749 times), and Gyeongbuk (1.632 times) (p<.05). 7) The effect of regional emergency medical access on ischemic heart disease death was found to decreased the risk of death when the total number of local emergency medical resources and emergency medical resources per area (100km2) increased (p<.05). In particular, as an emergency medical resource per 100km2 of area, the risk of death from ischemic heart disease decreased 0.967 times when one fire department increased, 0.970 times when one ambulance increased, 0.997 times when one paramedic increased, 0.391 times when one regional emergency medical center increased, 0.844 times when one local emergency medical centers increased, 0.825 times when one local emergency medical institution increased, and 0.975 times when one angiography device increased (p<.001). Conclusion : Emergency medical resources differ greatly according to regional characteristics, and there were differences between regions in arrivals within 30 minutes after the onset and the mortality rate of ischemic heart disease among the elderly. In order to reduce the arrival time after the onset, it will be very important to provide an educational program for the elderly to easily recognized emergency symptoms of ischemic heart disease and to actively use the 119 ambulance when visiting the hospital. In order to improve the accessibility of emergency medical services by region, when deploying emergency medical resources(emergency medical institution resources), the area as well as the existing population in the region can be an important standard.

COVID-19 환자를 간호한 간호사의 직무스트레스, 공감능력과 간호역량과의 관계

한인경 공주대학교 일반대학원 2021 국내석사

본 연구는 COVID-19 환자를 간호한 간호사의 직무스트레스, 공감능력과 간호역량과의 관계를 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사 연구이다. 본 연구대상은 C도, G시, S시, C시, H군에 위치한 지방의료원 4곳에서 COVID-19 환자를 직접 간호한 지방의료원 간호사 150명이었으며, 일반적 특성, 직무스트레스, 공감능력, 간호역량에 관한 도구로 구성된 구조화된 자가보고식 설문지를 이용하여 8월 26일부터 9월 20일까지 자료수집 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 24.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients 분석하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) COVID-19 환자를 간호한 간호사의 직무스트레스 정도는 5점 만점 중 3.91점, 공감능력의 정도는 5점 만점 중 3.30점, 하위영역인 관점취하기 3.30점, 상상하기 3.12점, 공감관점 3.49점, 개인고통 3.25점 이었으며, 간호역량은 4점 만점 중 2.51점, 하위영역인 전문성개발 3.43점, 병동업무처리 3.49점, 대처능력 3.59점이었다. 2) COVID-19 환자를 간호한 간호사의 일반적인 특성에서 23∼29세 40.6%(61명), 여자가 93.3%(140명)으로 대부분을 차지하였고, 결혼은 미혼이 52.7%(70명), 최종학력은 학사졸업이 74.7%(112명)로 과반수이상을 차지하였다. 3) COVID-19 환자를 간호한 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 직무스트레스, 공감능력, 간호역량, 정도의 차이를 조사한 결과, 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 직무스트레스정도는 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 차이가 없었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 공감능력 정도는 연령(F=4.23, p=.016), 임상경력 (F=3.60, p=.030)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 즉, 23∼29세의 간호사가 30세∼39세의 간호사보다 공감능력이 높았다. 임상경력은 5년미만 간호사가 10년 이상의 간호사보다 공감능력이 높았다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 간호역량은 연령(F=6.53, p=.002), 결혼(t=2.66, p=.009), 임상경력 (F=6.96, p=.001), 직위(t=-3.99, p=.001)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 40세 이상의 간호사가 23~29세의 간호사보다 간호역량이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 기혼인 간호사가 미혼인 간호사보다 간호역량이 높았으며, 임상경력은 10년이상의 경력간호사가 5년미만의 경력을 가진 간호사보다 간호역량이 높았고, 직위에서는 책임간호사가 일반간호사보다 간호역량이 높았다. 4) COVID-19 환자를 간호한 간호사의 직무스트레스, 공감능력, 간호역량과의 상관관계에서 직무스트레스와 공감능력(r=.24, p=.004), 직무스트레스와 간호역량(r=.21, p=.008)과 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 즉, 직무스트레스가 높을수록 공감능력이 높았고, 직무스트레스가 높을수록 간호역량이 높게 나타났다. 간호사의 직무스트레스를 낮추고 공감능력과 간호역량을 높이기 위한 중재개발의 요구된다. 간호사의 공감능력을 높이기 위해서는 간호사의 연령과 경력이 높아지는 상황에서도 공감에 관한 지식과 기술을 교육하고 훈련하는 프로그램적용이 필요하며, 간호역량을 높이기 위해서는 연령과 결혼여부, 임상경력이 낮은 간호사를 대상으로 역량강화 프로그램을 적용하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 COVID-19 환자와 같은 감염위험이 높은 환자를 돌보는 위기상황에서는 임상에서의 환자간호 상태와는 다른 상황이 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었으므로 본 연구 결과를 감염병 위기상황에서 간호사의 직무스트레스 관리와 공감능력 및 간호역량 향상에 관한 중재개발의 기초자료로 활용하고, 반복연구를 수행해볼 것을 제안한다. This is a descriptive survey research to find correlations between job stress, work competency and empathy of COVID-19 nurses. The subjects of this study were 150 COVID-19 nurses worked at regional public hospital located in H-gun, G-city, S-city, C-city in province C. The data were collected using structured self-reported survey form consisting of work competency, job stress and empathy ability. The data collection period was from August 26, to September 20. For data processing, SPSS/WIN 24.0 program was utilized to conduct frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients. The results of this study are presented as follows: 1) The mean score of job stress was 3.91 on the 5-point scale. The mean score of empathy ability was 3.30 on the 5-point scale. The scores for subscales of empathy ability were taking perspective 3.30, imagination 3.12, empathetic perspective 3.49, personal pain 3.25. The mean score for work competency was 2.51 on the 4-point scale. The scores for subscales of work competency were professional development 3.43, ward process 3.49, coping skills 3.59. 2) Regarding the general characteristics of the study subjects, 40.6% were age of 23~29, 93.3% were women; 52.7% were unmarried; 74.7% graduated from university. 3) The difference in job stress of COVID-19 nurses by general characteristics was not statistically significant. The difference in empathy ability of COVID-19 nurses by age(F=4.23, p=.016), clinical career (F=3.60, p=.030) was statistically significant. nurses aged 23 to 29 had higher empathy ability than nurses aged 30 to 39. nurses with clinical career of less than 5-years had higher empathy ability than nurses with clinical career of more than 10 years. In terms of the general characteristics of the study subjects, the difference in work competency of COVID-19 nurses by age(F=6.53,p=.002), married state(t=2.55,p=.009), clinical career (F=6.96, p=.001), status (t=-3.99, p=.001) was statistically significant. nurses at more than 40 had higher work competency than nurses at 23 to 29. Married nurses had higher work competency than unmarried nurses, and nurses with more than 10 years of clinical career had higher work competency than nurses with less than 5 years of clinical career. Charge nurses had higher work competency than staff nurses. 4) These research analytic results indicate that job stress have a significant and positive correlations with empathy ability (r=.24, p=.004) and work competency (r=.21, p=.008). An arbitration development is required to reduce nurses' job stress and to increase empathy ability and work competency. Therefore, the program training empathy skills should be developed to nurses of advanced age and with high professional job position in order to enhance nurses' empathy ability. To maximize their work competency, it is necessary to provide empowerment programs to unmarried, young and less-clinically experienced nurses. Crisis situations like taking care of high contagious patients, such as COVID-19 patients, are clinically unique. The results of this study will become fundamental material to develop arbitration development of nurse's job stress, empathy ability and work competency in infectious disease crisis.

응급실 간호사의 폭력경험과 폭력반응 및 회복탄력성이 간호업무성과에 미치는 영향

김경은 공주대학교 일반 대학원 2021 국내석사

This study is a descriptive survey research to identify the effect of the experience of violence in emergency department nurses and the effect of violence reaction and resilience on nursing work performance. The study subjects were 190 nurses who have at least 6 months of working experiences in Regional medical institutions and Regional emergency medical center located in C province, G province, and K province. The data were collected from September 10 to September 18, 2020 using structured self-reported survey to measure general characteristics, experience of violence, response to violence, resilience, and performance of nursing work. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, and Multiple Regression Analysis using SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. The study results are as follows: 1. The average experience of violence among emergency department nurses was 2.04 (±0.73) out of 5, the average of violence response was 2.71 (±0.79) out of 5, the average of resilience was 3.62 (±0.79) out of 5, and the average of nursing work performance was 3.72 (±0.54) out of 5. 2. Statistically significant differences of violence experience were found by age (F=3.18, p=.044), total Clinical Career (F=3.35, p=.011) and job satisfaction of emergency department (F=8.10, p<.001) according to the general characteristics of emergency department nurses. 3. Statistically significant differences of violence response were found by gender (t=2.54, p=.012), age (F=5.85, p=.003), total clinical career (F=5.77, p<.001), emergency department work experience (F=6.00, p<.001) and experience of turnover due to violence (t=3.93, p<.001) according to the general characteristics of emergency department nurses. 4. Statistically significant differences of resilience were found by martial state (t=-2.61, p=.010), total clinical career (F=3.19, p=.015) and emergency department work satisfaction (F=7.16), p<.001) according to the general characteristics of emergency department nurses. 5. Statistically significant differences of nursing work performance by age (F=14.22, p<.001) martial state (t=-4.17, p<.001), final education (F=4.07, p=.018), total clinical career (F=7.69, p<.001), emergency department work experience (F=4.97, p=.001), job position (F=8.64, p<.001), emergency department work satisfaction (F=5.38, p<.001) and types of emergency department (t=2.15, p=.032) according to the general characteristics of emergency department nurses. 6. Statistically significant positive correlations were observed, which is between violence experience and resilience(r=.62, p<.001), between nursing work performance and violence response (r=20, p=.004). 7. Influencing factors upon nurse work performance of emergency department nurses were resilience (β=.55, p<.001), violence response(β=.15, p=.008), emergency department work experience over 10 years (β=.20, p=.017). Total explanatory power of these factors was 49%(F=8.98, p<.001) on nurse work performance. In conclusion, it is observed that the major influencing factors on the nurse work performance were violence response, resilience, and emergency department work experience over 10 years. Hence it is necessary to strengthen the resilience and to provide education and training in hospital working sites where they can express and manage violence response, and especially to manage a work environment where nurses can work for more than 10 years and empowerment, in order to enhance work performance of emergency department nurses. In addition, contents dealing with prevention and coping drill of violence within hospital should be included to undergraduate nursing education course and reflected to the curriculum, so that they can be trained in advance. Key words: violence experience, violence response, resilience, nurse work performance, emergency department nurse 본 연구는 응급실 간호사의 폭력경험과 폭력반응 및 회복탄력성이 간호업무성과에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구의 대상은 C도에 위치한 지역응급의료기관 2개소, 지역응급의료센터 5개소, G도에 위치한 지역응급의료기관 1개소, 지역응급의료센터 3개소, K도에 위치한 지역응급의료센터 1개소 등 12개소 응급의료기관에서 6개월 이상 근무하고 있는 간호사 190명이었다. 자료는 일반적 특성, 폭력경험, 폭력반응, 회복탄력성, 간호업무성과를 측정하기 위해 구조화된 자가보고식 설문지를 이용하여 2020년 9월 10일부터 9월 18일까지 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 25.0 프로그램을 이용하여 t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis로 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 응급실 간호사의 폭력경험은 5점 -ⅰ- 만점 중 평균평점 2.04(±0.73)점, 폭력반응은 5점 만점 중 평균평점 2.71(±0.79)점, 회복탄력성은 5점 만점 중 평균평점 3.62(±0.79)점, 간호업무성과는 5점 만점 중 평균평점 3.72(±0.54)점이었다. 2. 응급실 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 폭력경험은 연령(F=3.18, p=.044), 총 임상경력(F=3.35, p=.011), 응급실 근무만족도(F=8.10, p<.001)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 3. 응급실 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 폭력반응은 성별(t=2.54, p=.012), 연령(F=5.85, p=.003), 총 임상경력(F=5.77, p<.001), 응급실 근무경력(F=6.00, p<.001), 폭력으로 인한 이직경험(t=3.93, p<.001)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 4. 응급실 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 회복탄력성은 결혼상태(t=-2.61, p=.010), 총 임상경력(F=3.19, p=.015), 응급실 근무만족도(F=7.16, p<.001)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 5. 응급실 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 간호업무성과는 연령(F=14.22, p<.001), 결혼상태(t=-4.17, p<.001), 최종학력(F=4.07, p=.018), 총 임상경력(F=7.69, p<.001), 응급실 근무경력(F=4.97, p=.001), 직위(F=8.64, p<.001), 응급실 근무만족도(F=5.38, p<.001), 응급실 유형(t=2.15, p=.032)에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 6. 응급실 간호사의 폭력경험, 폭력반응 및 회복탄력성과 간호업무성과 간의 상관관계에서는 간호업무성과와 회복탄력성간에는 통계적으로 유의한 정의 상관관계가 나타났고(r=.62, p<.001), 간호업무성과와 폭력반응 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 정의 상관관계가 나타났다(r=.20, p=.004). -ⅱ- 7. 응급실 간호사의 간호업무성과에 미치는 영향요인으로는 회복탄력성(β=.55, p<.001), 폭력반응(β=.15, p=.008), 10년 이상의 응급실 근무경력(β=.20, p=.017)으로 나타났다. 이들 요인이 간호업무성과의 영향 변인에 대한 설명력은 49%이었다(F=8.98, p<.001). 결론적으로 응급실 간호사의 간호업무성과는 폭력반응, 회복탄력성, 10년 이상의 응급실 근무경력이 중요한 영향요인으로 확인되었다. 따라서 응급실 간호사의 간호업무성과를 높이기 위해 회복탄력성을 강화하고, 폭력반응을 표현하고 관리할 수 있는 병원 실무 현장에서의 교육 및 훈련이 제공되어야 할 것이고, 특히 간호사가 10년 이상 근무할 수 있는 환경 조성과 임파워먼트를 적극 도모해야할 것이다. 또한 병원 폭력발생 예방 및 대처와 관련된 내용이 학부과정 간호교육프로그램에 포함시켜 미리 훈련되도록 교육과정에 반영이 요구된다. 주요어: 폭력경험, 폭력반응, 회복탄력성, 간호업무성과, 응급실 간호사

산업재해 환자의 통증, 수면의 질, 재활동기, 우울, 불안이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

허수지 공주대학교 일반대학원 2021 국내석사

This study is a descriptive survey research to identify the effect of pain, sleep quality, rehabilitation motivation, depression, and anxiety on quality of life in occupational accident patients. The subjects of the study were 142 occupational accident patients who understood the purpose of the study and voluntarily consented in writing to participate in and outpatient treatment at a hospital affiliated with the Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare-service Hospital located in Daegu and Daejeon. Excluding this inappropriate questionnaire, the final 138 copies were used for data analysis. The data were collected from July 15 to July 31, 2021 using structured self-reported survey to measure general characteristics, pain, sleep quality, rehabilitation motivation, depression, and anxiety on quality of life. The collected data were analyzed by Independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, and Hierarchical Regression Analysis using SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. The study results are as follows: First, the average pain score of the occupational accident patients was 6.28±2.12 out of 10. Sleep quality averaged 2.61±0.47 out of 4 points, rehabilitation motivation averaged 3.74±0.43 out of 5, depression averaged 1.14±0.67 out of 3, anxiety averaged 2.52±0.59 out of 4, and the average quality of life was 2.75±0.61 out of 5 points. Secondly, there was no statistically significant difference in pain according to the subject’s general characteristics. There was a significant difference in sleep quality according to the general characteristics of the subjects according to the duration of the occupational accident(F=3.76, p=.012) and the number of injured and injured parts of the occupational accident(F=3.78, p=.025). Rehabilitation motivation according to the general characteristics was significantly different according to gender(t=-2.16, p=.032), occupation(F=4.56, p=.002), and duration of occupational accidents(F=3.19, p=.026). Depression according to the general characteristics of the subjects had a significant difference according to the duration of occupational accidents(F=2.87, p=.039) and the number of injured and injured parts of the occupational accident(F=7.81, p=.001). Anxiety according to the general characteristics of the subjects had a significant difference according to the number of injured and injured parts of the occupational accident(F=10.52, p<.001), and the quality of life according to the number of injured and injured parts of the occupational accident(F=3.69, p=.027). Thirdly, in the correlation between the subject’s pain, sleep quality, rehabilitation motivation, depression, anxiety, and quality of life, pain showed a significant positive correlation with sleep quality(r=.34, p<.001), depression(r=.34, p<.001), and anxiety(r=.21, p=.012). Sleep quality showed a significant positive correlation with depression(r=.57, p<.001) and anxiety(r=.53, p<.001), and a significant negative correlation with quality of life(r=-.26, p=.001). The rehabilitation motivation showed a significant positive correlation with quality of life(r=.18, p=.031), and depression showed a significant negative correlation with the quality of life(r=-.45, p<.001). Anxiety was found to a significant negative correlation with quality of life(r=-.64, p<.001). Fourthly, as a result of hierarchical regression analysis, anxiety (β=-695, p<.001) was found to be a major factor affecting the quality of life of occupational accident patients. Anxiety showed 42.7% of explanatory power for the quality of life of occupational accident patients. In conclusion, it was confirmed that anxiety was an important influencing factor on the quality of life of occupational accident patients. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of life of occupational accident patients, psychological interventions for anxiety should be provided first in the early stage of treatment. Key words: pain, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, rehabilitation motivation, quality of life, occupational accident Patients. 본 연구는 산업재해 환자의 통증, 수면의 질, 재활동기, 우울, 불안, 삶의 질 정도를 파악하고 통증, 수면의 질, 재활동기, 우울, 불안이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구대상은 대구광역시, 대전광역시에 소재한 근로복지공단 산하병원에 입원 및 통원치료 중인 산업재해 환자로 연구의 목적을 이해하고 자발적으로 참여하기로 서면동의 한 산업재해 환자 142명을 대상으로 하였으며, 응답이 적절하지 않은 설문지를 제외하고 최종 138부를 자료 분석에 사용하였다. 연구도구로는 일반적 특성, 통증, 수면의 질, 재활동기, 우울, 불안, 삶의 질에 관한 도구로 구성된 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 2021년 7월 15일부터 2021년 7월 31일까지 자료수집 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 25.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, Independent t-test. ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, 위계적 회귀분석(Hierarchical Regression Analysis)으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 산업재해 환자의 통증은 10점 만점에 평균 6.28±2.12점이었다. 수면의 질은 4점 만점에 평균 2.61±0.47점, 재활동기는 5점 만점에 평균 3.74±0.43점, 우울은 3점 만점에 평균 1.14±0.67점, 불안은 4점 만점에 평균 2.52±0.59점, 삶의 질은 5점 만점에 평균 2.75±0.61점으로 나타났다. 둘째, 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 통증은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 수면의 질 차이는 산업재해 경과기간(F=3.76, p=.012), 산업재해 상병 부위 수(F=3.78, p=.025)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 재활동기는 성별(t=-2.16, p=.032), 직업(F=4.56, p=.002), 산업재해 경과기간(F=3.19, p=.026)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 우울은 산업재해 경과기간(F=2.87, p=.039), 산업재해 상병 부위 수(F=7.81, p=.001)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 불안은 산업재해 상병부위 수(F=10.52, p<.001)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었고, 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 삶의 질은 산업재해 상병부위 수에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=3.69, p=.027). 셋째, 대상자의 통증, 수면의 질, 재활동기, 우울, 불안, 삶의 질 간의 상관관계에서 통증은 수면의 질(r=.34, p<.001), 우울(r=.34, p<.001), 불안(r=.21, p=.012)과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 수면의 질은 우울(r=.57, p<.001), 불안(r=.53, p<.001)과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났고, 삶의 질과 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다(r=-.26, p=.001). 재활동기는 삶의 질과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났고(r=.18, p=.031), 우울은 삶의 질과 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다(r=-.45, p<.001). 불안은 삶의 질과 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다(r=-.64, p<.001). 넷째, 위계적 회귀 분석 결과 산업재해 환자의 삶의 질에 미치는 영향요인은 불안이 주요한 요인으로 나타났다(β=-.695, p<.001). 불안은 산업재해 환자의 삶의 질에 대해 42.7%의 설명력을 보여주었다. 결론적으로 산업재해 환자의 삶의 질은 불안이 중요한 영향요인으로 확인되었다. 따라서 산업재해 환자의 삶의 질을 높이기 위해 치료 초기에 불안에 대한 심리적 중재 개입이 우선적으로 제공되어야 할 것이다. 주요어: 통증, 수면의 질, 재활동기, 우울, 불안, 삶의 질, 산업재해

간호사의 장애인에 대한 인식, 장애인 접촉경험, 인권감수성이 장애인에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향

안은영 공주대학교 일반대학원 2021 국내석사

본 연구는 간호사의 장애인에 대한 인식, 장애인 접촉경험, 인권감수성이 장애인에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구의 대상자는 D광역시 소재 2개 대학병원과 C특별자치시 소재 1개 대학병원에서 근무하는 간호사 181명이었다. 자료는 일반적 특성 및 장애인 관련 특성, 장애인에 대한 인식, 장애인 접촉경험, 인권감수성, 장애인에 대한 태도를 측정하기 위해 구조화된 자기보고식 설문지를 이용하여 2021년 9월 2일부터 2021년 10월 6일까지 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 IBM SPSS 26.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation Coefficients, Multiple Regression Analysis로 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 연구 대상자의 장애인에 대한 인식은 80점 만점 중 평균 40.81±6.09점이었고, 장애인 접촉경험은 100점 만점 중 평균 28.61±8.60점이었으며, 하위영역별로 접촉의 양과 유형은 평균 18.74±5.81점, 정서적 요소는 9.87±3.43점이었다. 인권감수성은 평균 90점 만점 중 41.56±19.13점이었으며, 하위영역별로는 상황지각능력 14.06±7.12점, 결과지각능력 13.78±7.04점, 책임지각능력 13.72±7.29점이었다. 장애인에 대한 태도는 100점 만점 중 76.12±9.48점이었으며, 하위영역별로는 지식 및 기술 11.97±2.97점, 보건의료인의 책무 16.62±2.28점, 간호 시 행동 32.57±4.46점, 정서반응 14.96±3.19점이었다. 2. 연구 대상자의 일반적 특성 및 장애인 관련 특성에 따른 장애인에 대한 인식은 임상경력(F=3.17, p=.015), 장애인 건강권 및 의료접근성 보장에 관한 법률(약칭 : 장애인건강권법) 인지 여부(t=-4.02, p<.001)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 3. 연구 대상자의 일반적 특성 및 장애인 관련 특성에 따른 장애인 접촉경험 중 접촉의 양과 유형은 연령(t=3.04, p=.031), 종교(t=2.35, p=.020), 장애인 가족 또는 지인 유무(t=4.64, p<.001), 장애인환자 접촉유무(t=4.04, p<.001), 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부(t=3.75, p<.001), 장애인건강권법 인지 여부(t=3.32, p=.001)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 정서적 요소는 종교(t=2.10, p=.038), 장애인 가족 또는 지인 유무(t=3.78, p=.001), 장애인환자 접촉유무(t=2.57, p=.012), 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부(t=2.31, p=.023), 장애인건강권법 인지 여부(t=3.14, p=.002)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 4. 연구 대상자의 일반적 특성 및 장애인 관련 특성에 따른 인권감수성 중 상황지각능력은 임상경력(F=3.55, p=.008)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었고, 결과지각능력은 직위(F=4.91, p=.008)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 책임지각능력은 임상경력(F=3.04, p=.019), 직위(F=3.20, p=.043), 근무부서(F=3.70, p=.013)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 5. 연구 대상자의 일반적 특성 및 장애인 관련 특성에 따른 장애인에 대한 태도 중 지식 및 기술은 장애인환자 접촉유무(t=2.74, p=.007), 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부(t=3.82, p<.001), 장애인건강권법 인지 여부(t=4.02, p<.001)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 보건의료인의 책무는 장애인환자 접촉유무(t=2.58, p=.011), 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부(t=2.56, p=.011), 장애인건강권법 인지 여부(t=3.35, p=.001)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 간호 시 행동은 직위(F=3.38, p=.036), 장애인환자 접촉유무(t=3.21, p=.002), 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부(t=3.60, p<.001), 장애인건강권법 인지 여부(t=2.77, p=.006)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 정서반응은 장애인환자 접촉유무(t=2.83, p=.005), 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부(t=2.42, p=.017), 장애인건강권법 인지 여부(t=3.12, p=.002)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 6. 대상자의 장애인에 대한 태도의 하위영역 중 지식 및 기술은 장애인에 대한 인식(r=-.20, p=.007)과는 음의 상관관계가 있었고, 장애인 접촉경험 중 접촉의 양과 유형(r=.22, p=.002)과는 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 보건의료인의 책무는 장애인에 대한 인식(r=-.33, p<.001)과는 음의 상관관계가 있었고, 장애인 접촉경험 중 접촉의 양과 유형(r=.18, p=.016), 인권감수성 중 결과지각능력(r=.24, p=.001), 책임지각능력(r=.30, p<.001)과는 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 간호 시 행동은 장애인에 대한 인식(r=-.28, p<.001)과는 음의 상관관계가 있었으며, 장애인 접촉경험 중 접촉의 양과 유형(r=.17, p=.025), 인권감수성 중 결과지각능력(r=.15, p=.038), 책임지각능력(r=.17, p=.020)과 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 정서반응은 장애인에 대한 인식(r=-.31, p<.001)과는 음의 상관관계가 있었고, 장애인 접촉경험 중 접촉의 양과 유형(r=.18, p=.013), 인권감수성 중 상황지각능력(r=.17, p=.024)과 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 7. 장애인에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향요인은 장애인에 대한 인식(t=-3.96, p<.001), 장애인환자 접촉유무(t=3.23, p=.001), 인권감수성 중 책임지각능력(t=2.13, p=.035), 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부(t=2.90, p=.004), 장애인건강권법 인지 여부(t=2.44, p=.016)이었으며, 30%의 설명력을 보였다(F=9.36, p<.001). 본 연구에서 간호사의 장애인에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향요인은 장애인에 대한 인식, 장애인환자 접촉유무, 인권감수성 중 책임지각능력, 장애인인식개선교육 이수 여부, 장애인건강권법 인지 여부로 확인되었다. 이에 따라 간호사의 장애인에 대한 태도 함양을 위해 장애인에 대한 인식, 인권감수성, 장애인건강권법을 포함한 장애인환자와 접촉의 기회를 높일 수 있는 교육프로그램 개발이 필요하다. 주요어 : 장애인, 장애인에 대한 태도, 장애인에 대한 인식, 장애인 접촉경험, 인권감수성

우리나라 청소년의 비타민· 무기질 보충제 섭취 실태 및 다양한 급원을 통한 비타민과 무기질 섭취량 조사

한지혜 공주대학교 일반대학원 2011 국내박사

ABSTRACT Usage Patterns of Vitamin?QMineral Supplements and Dietary Exposure Assessment of Vitamin and Mineral from Various Sources by Korean Adolescents Han Ji Hye Department of Home Economics Education, Graduate School of Kongju National University (Supervised by Professor Kim Sun Hyo) In recent years a concern about excessive intakes of vitamins and minerals from various sources has been increasing, since there has been a marked increase in the production and consumption of vitamin․mineral supplements and fortified foods. However effects of vitamin․mineral supplements intake are still controversial. There are many cases of over-lapped intake at once, and recently high unit supplements intake are preferred. So there is an issue about overtaking micronutrient through having indiscretion to take supplements. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usage behaviors by adolescents in Korea regarding vitamin․mineral supplements and to assess the maximum exposure of vitamins and minerals from various sources including diet, general drug supplements(GDS), health functional foods(HFF), and fortified foods(FF). Vitamin․mineral supplements are GDS and HFF. One thousand four hundred and seven adolescent boys and girls attending middle or high schools were chosen from various cities and rural communities in Korea. In this study, the factors affecting vitamin․mineral supplements consumption, and usage patterns were examined by a self-administered questionnaire. 'In-depth users of vitamin?Pmineral supplements'(IDU, n=60) were chosen from the above 1,407 students, and they were subjects for the exposure assessment of their daily vitamin․mineral supplements intake. The assessment was accomplished through research their intake of vitamins and minerals from diet, GDS, HFF, and FF. For comparison, 'In-depth non users of vitamin?Pmineral supplements'(IDNU, n=60) who took vitamins and minerals through just diet were also chosen from the above 1,407 students. The intake of vitamins and minerals through diet, GDS, HFF, and FF were determined, and compared with the recommended nutrition intake(RNI) and tolerable upper intake levels(UL) (DRIs for Koreans 2010). The results showed that vitamin․mineral supplements were taken by 65.5% of subjects. The middle school students and city dwellers took vitamin․mineral supplements more frequently than each corresponding group. The socioeconomic status of the family, and supplements consumption by their parents and siblings influenced the use of supplements by the subjects, respectively. GDS for vitamins and minerals were taken by 56.1%(n=790) of all subjects. One thousand three hundred and twelve kinds of supplement products in 9 kinds of nutrition were taken, especially vitamin C. Vitamins and minerals from HFF were taken by 41.7%(n=587) of all subjects. Most of the response of the question for time of GDS or HFF intake was ‥usually take…, and for information source of GDS or HFF was ‥from family…. The rate of the response ‥I am going to take supplements(GDS or HFF) continually… was high. Major reason given for FF intake was ‥good for health…(39.5%). The subjects preferred vitamin C most when they choose FF(34.7%). Nutrition intake through the diet of IDU was positive. Thirty seven percents of the IDU took overlapped GDS and HFF. In 36.5% of the IDU, there were 81.8% of them taking 2 kinds of supplement, and 9.1% of them taking 3 or 4 supplements at once. Major patterns of overlapped-intake were [multi-vitamins supplement + vitamin C supplement] of GDS, and [vitamin B-complex supplement + calcium supplement] of HFF. Vitamin C supplements had higher percentages(40.7%) of GDS for vitamin and mineral intake than followed multi-vitamin supplements(37%)≒ multi-vitamin and mineral(23.9%)≒ calcium(Ca) supplements(6.5%)≒ iron(Fe) supplements(4.3%)≒ vitamin A and vitamin D supplements(2.2%). The daily average exposure of vitamins and minerals of IDU through diet was 0.3 to 4.4 times as compared with RNI particularly vitamin E(4.4 times). Also through just GDS was 0.0 to 75.8 times especially vitamin E(75.8 times). As well as through HFF was 0.0 to 111 times especially vitamin B12(111times). Finally through FF was 0.0 to 10 times but with no particular nutrition. Making vitamin on 97.5th percentile and minerals on 95th percentile in the maximum exposure through diet, there was an excess of exposure to UL in IDU in the following areas: through diet were vitamin A(1.7%) and niacin(5.0%); through only GDS were vitamin C(9.1%) and Fe(5.6%); and through HFF were niacin(8.6%)≒ vitamin B6(7.5%)≒ folic acid(2.9%)≒ vitamin C(2.3%). Making a comparison in vitamins and minerals daily intake through diet between IDU and IDNU, intake of vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin C, and Ca in both groups were lower than RNI, but other vitamins and minerals were satisfied RNI. The average daily intake of vitamin B1, niacin, and Zn in IDU was higher than in IDNU significantly, but in both groups satisfied RNI. The daily intake of Ca in IDU was also higher than in IDNU considerably, but calcium intake of both groups was in 60 to 70% intake of RNI. Therefore the both groups had similar daily intake of vitamins and minerals and satisfied RNI, so IDU hardly seemed a group to need supplements or HFF. The result of this study showed that the intake of vitamins and minerals has been common among adolescents in Korea, and supplement intake of the subjects has been related with various factors. The intake rate of GDS for vitamin․mineral supplements was higher than HFF. However, there was no particular difference in usage behavior between the 2 types of supplements. The subjects may have potential risks of having negative effects in their bodies caused by overuse of supplements though most of them took enough vitamins and minerals through diet. Therefore we have to make efforts to encourage right health care habit through systematic and educational aspects. The exposure assessment for vitamins and minerals should be continued every lifecycle, and then there will be applications for nutrition safety management and the set up of the UL with scientific bases. In this study, there are several limitations: first, there is a lack of representation because of the small number of IDU; second, all the source of vitamins and minerals are not treated. Therefore we need to increase the number of subjects and consider the difference among seasons. Also we need to continue researching about exposure for vitamins and minerals including water or other nutrition supplements not treated in this study. Key Words : vitamin and mineral exposure assessment, tolerable upper intake levels(UL), diet, vitamin․mineral supplements, general drug supplements(GDS), health functional foods(HFF), fortified foods(FF), adolescents

수술실 간호사의 공감능력, 팀워크, 간호근무환경이 환자중심간호에 미치는 영향

조해민 공주대학교 일반대학원 2023 국내석사

본 연구는 수술실 간호사의 공감능력, 팀워크, 간호근무환경과 환자중심간호의 관계를 파악하고, 이들이 환자중심간호에 미치는 영향을 파악하여 수술실에서 환자중심간호 수행을 활성화시키기 위한 중재 개발에 기초자료를 제시하고자 시도되었다. 자료 수집은 경기도, 충청도, 대전광역시, 전라도, 경상도 등에 소재한 종합병원 수술실에서 3개월 이상 근무한 간호사 200명을 대상으로 하였으며, 자료 수집기간은 2022년 5월부터 7월까지였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS Win 27.0 program을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis로 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 수술실 간호사의 공감능력 정도는 7점 만점에 평균 5.25±0.77점, 팀워크 정도는 5점 만점에 평균 4.03±0.61점, 간호근무환경 정도는 4점 만점에 평균 2.64±0.57점, 환자중심간호 정도는 5점 만점에 평균 4.21±0.56점이었다. 2) 수술실 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 공감능력의 차이는 연령(F=3.25, p=.041), 월 평균 급여(t=-2.10, p=.037)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 수술실 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 팀워크의 차이는 성별(t=2.88, p=.004), 병원규모(F=5.41, p=.001)에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 수술실 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 간호근무환경의 차이는 환자중심간호 교육 경험에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(t=2.43, p=.016). 수술실 간호사의 일반적 특성에 따른 환자중심간호의 차이는 병원규모에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=3.05, p=.030). 3) 수술실 간호사의 환자중심간호는 공감능력(r=.50, p<.001), 팀워크(r=.61, p<.001), 간호근무환경(r=.52, p<.001)과 정 상관관계가 있었다. 4) 수술실 간호사의 환자중심간호에 영향을 미치는 요인은 팀워크(β=.38, p<.001), 공감능력(β=.30, p<.001), 간호근무환경(β=.22, p<.001)이였고, 이들 변수는 수술실 간호사의 환자중심간호를 48.0% 설명하였다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 수술실 간호사의 공감능력, 팀워크, 간호근무환경이 환자중심간호에 영향을 주는 주요 요인임을 확인하였다. 따라서 수술실 간호사의 환자중심간호 수행을 활성화시키기 위해서는 공감능력을 높이고, 팀워크를 증진시킬 수 있는 표준화된 프로그램의 개발과 긍정적인 간호근무환경의 마련이 필요하다. The goal of this study is to identify the impact of operating room nurses' empathy, teamwork, and relationships between the nursing work environment and patient-centered care in order to suggest standard data for the development of interventions to activate patient-centered care in the operating room. Data were collected between May and July 2022 from 200 nurses who had worked in operating rooms at general hospitals in Gyeonggi-do, Chung-do, Daejeon, Jeolla-do, and Gyeongsang-do for more than three months. The data, which comprised frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Scheffé test, and multiple regression analysis, were gathered using the SPSS Win 27.0 program. The following is a summary of the study’s findings: 1) The average score on the empathy scale was 5.25±0.77 points out of 7, the average score on the teamwork scale was 4.03±0.61 points out of 5, the average score on the nursing work environment scale was 2.64±0.57 points out of 4, and the average score of patient-centered care was 4.21±0.56 points out of 5. 2) There was a statistically significant difference in empathy based on age (F=3.25, p=.041) and average monthly salary (t=-2.10, p=.037), according to the general characteristics of operating room nurses. There was a statistically significant difference in teamwork based on gender (t=2.88, p=.004) and hospital size (F=5.41, p=.001), according to the general characteristics of operating room nurses. According to patient-centered care education experience, there was a statistically significant difference between the nursing work environment and the general characteristics of operating room nurses (t=2.43, p=.016). According to the general features of operating room nurses, there was a statistically significant difference in patient-centered care depending on the size of the hospital (F=3.05, p=.030). 3) The patient-centered care of operating room nurses showed a positive correlation with empathy (r=.50, p<.001), teamwork (r=.61, p<.001), and the nursing work environment (r=.52, p<.001). 4) The factors that affecting patient-centered care of the operating room nurses were teamwork (β=.38, p<.001), empathy (β=.30, p<.001), and nursing work environment (β=.22, p<.001) and these variables explained 48.0% of patient-centered care of operating room nurses. Based on the findings, it was established that the key influences on patient-centered care are the operating room nurses' empathy, teamwork, and nursing work environment. Therefore, it is essential to foster empathy, enhance teamwork through the development of standardized programs, and create a pleasant nursing work environment in order to activate patient-centered care conducted by operating room nurses.

고등학생의 사회적지지, 마인드셋, 그릿, 자기조절학습능력의 구조적 관계 : 일반학생과 영재학생 비교 중심으로

정은영 공주대학교 일반대학원 2023 국내박사

이 연구의 목적은 고등학생의 사회적지지, 마인드셋, 그릿 및 자기조절학습능력 간의 관계를 구조적 모형으로 규명하고 그 수준과 구조적관계에 영재학생과 일반학생 간의 차이가 있는지 살펴보는데 있다. 연구 대상은 D광역시와 G광역시의 과학영재학교와 G시와 C시의 과학고등학교의 영재학생과 동일지역내의 집단의 크기와 집단의 학년급이 유사한 일반학생이다. 기말고사가 끝난 후인 2021년 2021년 6월 21일부터 7월 16일까지 1067명을 대상으로 설문 조사하였다. 표집방법은 군집표본추출법을 이용하였고, 수집된 자료 중 신뢰성이 떨어진다고 판단되는 56부를 제외한 총 1011부의 자료를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 자료의 통계처리는 SPSS 26.0과 AMOS 21.0 프로그램을 활용하여 빈도분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석, 확인적 요인분석, 상관관계 분석, 구조방정식 모형분석, 조절효과분석, 조절된 매개효과 분석을 실시하였다. 구조모형은 적합도 평가기준을 충족하여 통계적으로 적합하며 구체적 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 고등학생의 부모지지는 지속적인관심, 꾸준한노력, 성장마인드셋에 대해 정적 영향이 있었고 고정마인드셋에 부적 영향이 있었으며, 자기조절학습능력에 대해서는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 일반학생의 부모지지는 지속적인관심, 꾸준한노력에 대해 정적 영향이 있었고 고정마인드셋에 부적 영향이 있었으며, 자기조절학습능력에 대해서 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 영재학생의 부모지지는 꾸준한노력과 성장마인드셋에 대해 정적 영향이 있었고 고정마인드셋에 부적 영향이 있었으며, 지속적인관심과 자기조절학습능력에 대해서 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 둘째, 고등학생의 교사지지는 자기조절학습능력과 성장마인드셋에 대해 정적 영향이 있었고 지속적인관심, 꾸준한노력, 고정마인드셋에 대해서는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 일반학생의 교사지지는 자기조절학습능력과 성장마인드셋에 대해 정적 영향이 있었고 지속적인관심과 고정마인드셋에 대해 부적 영향이 있었으며, 꾸준한노력에 대해서는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 영재학생의 교사지지는 자기조절학습능력에 정적 영향이 있었으며, 지속적인관심, 꾸준한노력, 고정마인드셋, 성장마인드셋에 대해서는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 셋째, 고등학생의 친구지지는 성장마인드셋에 대해 정적 영향이 있었고 자기조절학습능력, 지속적인관심, 꾸준한노력, 고정마인드셋에 대해서 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 일반학생의 친구지지는 꾸준한노력에 대해 정적 영향이 있었고 자기조절학습능력, 지속적인관심, 고정마인드셋, 성장마인드셋에 대해서는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 영재학생의 친구지지는 자기조절학습능력과 성장마인드셋에 정적 영향이 있었으며, 지속적인관심, 꾸준한노력, 고정마인드셋에 대해서는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 넷째, 그릿의 하위요인인 지속적인관심은 고등학생과 일반학생, 영재학생의 모든 사회적 지지원과 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 없었다. 다섯째, 그릿의 하위요인인 꾸준한노력은 고등학생의 부모지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 있었고, 교사지지와 자기조절학습능력, 친구지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에는 매개효과가 없었다. 일반학생의 꾸준한노력은 부모지지와 자기조절학습능력, 친구지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 있었고, 교사지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에는 매개효과가 없었다. 영재학생의 꾸준한노력은 부모지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 있었고, 교사지지와 자기조절학습능력, 친구지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에는 매개효과가 없었다. 여섯째, 마인드셋의 하위요인인 고정마인드셋은 고등학생의 모든 사회적 지지원과 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 없었다. 일반학생의 고정마인드셋은 부모지지와 자기조절학습능력, 교사지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 있었고, 친구지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에는 매개효과가 없었다. 영재학생의 고정마인드셋은 모든 사회적 지지원과 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 없었다. 일곱째, 마인드셋의 하위요인인 성장마인드셋은 고등학생의 모든 사회적 지지원과 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 있었다. 일반학생의 성장마인드셋은 모든 사회적 지지원과 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 없었다. 영재학생의 성장마인드셋은 부모지지와 자기조절학습능력, 친구지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에 매개효과가 있었고, 교사지지와 자기조절학습능력 간에는 매개효과가 없었다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structural relationship among high school students' social support, mindset, grit, and self-regulated learning ability and to examine whether there is a difference between the gifted and general students in the level and structural relationship. The subject of the study was the gifted in science high schools in D and G metropolitan cities and G and C cities and general students with similar group sizes and grade levels in the same region. A survey was conducted on 1067 people from June 21, 2021, to July 16, 2021, after the final exams were over. The cluster sampling method was applied and a total of 1011 surveys were used for the final analysis, excluding 56 copies judged to be unreliable. For statistical processing of data, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation model analysis, moderating effect analysis, and moderated mediating effect analysis were performed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs. The significant findings of the study were as follows: First, parental support of high school students had a positive effect on consistency of interests, perseverance of effort, and growth mindset, and had a negative effect on fixed mindset and no effect on self-regulated learning ability. Parental support of general students had a positive effect on consistency of interests and perseverance of effort, had a negative effect on fixed mindset, and had no effect on self-regulated learning ability. Parental support of gifted students had a positive effect on perseverance of effort and growth mindset, and had a negative effect on fixed mindset and no effect on consistency of interests and self-regulated learning ability. Second, teacher support of high school students had a positive effect on self-regulated learning ability and growth mindset but did not affect on consistency of interests, perseverance of effort, and fixed mindset. Teacher support of general students had a positive effect on self-regulated learning ability and growth mindset, and had a negative effect on consistency of interests and fixed mindset and did not affect on perseverance of effort. Teacher support of gifted students had a positive effect on self-regulated learning ability but had no effect on consistency of interests, perseverance of effort, fixed mindset, and growth mindset. Third, high school students' friend support had a positive effect on the growth mindset but did not affect on self-regulated learning ability, consistency of interests, perseverance of effort, and fixed mindset. General students' friend support had a positive effect on perseverance of effort, but did not affect on self-regulated learning ability, consistency of interests, fixed mindset, and growth mindset. Gifted students' friend support had a positive effect on self-regulated learning ability and growth mindset but did not affect on consistency of interests, perseverance of effort, and fixed mindset. Fourth, consistency of interests of a sub-factor of grit had no mediating effect between each type of social support and self-regulated learning ability of high school students, general students, and gifted students. Fifth, perseverance of effort, a sub-factor of grit, had a mediating effect between high school students' parental support and self-regulated learning ability, but had no mediating effect between teacher support and self-regulated learning ability, and friend support and self-regulated learning ability. General students' perseverance of effort had a mediating effect between parent support and self-regulated learning ability, between friend support and self-regulated learning ability, and no mediating effect between teacher support and self-regulated learning ability. Gifted students' perseverance of effort had a mediating effect between parental support and self-regulated learning ability but had no mediating effect between teacher support and self-regulated learning ability, and between friend support and self-regulated learning ability. Sixth, fixed mindset of a sub-factor of mindset had no mediating effect between all social support and self-regulated learning ability of high school students. The fixed mindset of general students had a mediating effect between parent support and self-regulated learning ability, between teacher support and self-regulated learning ability, and no mediating effect between friend support and self-regulated learning ability. Gifted students' fixed mindset had no mediating effect between each type of social support and self-regulated learning ability. Seventh, growth mindset of a sub-factor of mindset had a mediating effect between all kinds of social support and self-regulated learning ability of high school students. General students' growth mindset had no mediating effect between each type of social support and self-regulated learning ability. Gifted students' growth mindset had a mediating effect between parental support and self-regulated learning ability, between friend support and self-regulated learning ability, and no mediating effect between teacher support and self-regulated learning ability.

인프라 자산관리를 위한 유지관리 예산규모 추정에 관한 연구 : 일반국도를 중심으로

우지원 공주대학교 일반대학원 2021 국내박사

This study was started to provide guidance on government policy direction and budget estimates based on variety social issues, such as the collapse of aging infrastructure. This year, the "Sustainable Infrastructure Management Act" was enacted and announced by forming a social consensus on the importance of maintenance of existing infrastructure facilities and the maintenance of facilities was carried out in accordance with this laws. This is to provide a framework for "proactive management" and investment efficiency-based away from the "reactive management" method. It is expected to be able to analyze the overall budget size and optimal management point to derive the most appropriate time to enable the best maintenance strategy. In this study, based on the maintenance cost calculation method derived from the recently performed national highway maintenance cost calculation method study, estimating the required budget for maintenance according to the facility size of the infrastructure after incense estimated the aging of the infrastructure facilities over time. Maintenance costs are largely calculated by dividing the general section (earthwork and general bridge), the tunnel section and the cable bridge, such as a cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge is proposed to be calculated as a special bridge. In the case of the general section, including the earthwork and the general bridge, similar to the existing study, the tunnel section is proposed to be calculated separately. In the case of improvement, each itemized replacement cycle is proposed by a comprehensive review of the replacement cycle criteria and maintenance cost performance data for each facility. According to the results of this study, the required budget for the maintenance of the National Highway is continuously increased year by year, and in 2050, it was estimated to be 2.2675 billion KRW, which means that this year's budget is approximately 1.5 times the cost in 2019.. In addition, it was estimated the aging size of the national road infrastructure using the benchmark year method. The result of estimating show that even if the estimated maintenance costs are executed in a timely manner, because of aging 73.970.8 billion KRW of national road infrastructure facilities should be reconstructed in 2050. Therefore, if the government to establish a mid-to-long-term master plan to prepare for the timely commitment of the budget for the management of aging infrastructure facilities, it is possible to believe that more advanced management in terms of maintenance aspects and to use the facility more safetly.