우리나라 공교육 제도 안에서의 가톨릭 학교의 정체성에 대한 고찰 : 대구광역시 내에 소재한 가톨릭 중.고등학교를 중심으로

이정엽 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 2012 국내석사

Public education can be defined as mandated activities that lead a human-being genuine. However, the meaning of public education can be applied to various perspectives based on which site of the essence of education is taken into consideration as the significance of education is composed of diverse sub-concepts. Amongst many concepts of education, the intellectual aspect is particularly emphasised in Korean public educational system. Thus, it is often argued that the educational institution centred on intellectualism may interrupt students to form right values along with the proper ideals to become an eligible social individual. So it is crucial to seek fundamental solutions of public education system to avoid students failing in shaping better characteristics in Korea. It is claimed that the reality of current Korean public education system is severe as it is thought to be facing no internal stability, also a lack of governmental finance support, an increase of early overseas students and a rise of private education and resulted fees. It is generally blamed on the public education system in Korea that is solely university preparatory and that ignores basic purposes of public education such as education for the whole and students’ self-realisation. In the mentioned circumstances, Korean public education is desperately in the need of changes especially on providing equal educational opportunities and also offering even intellectualities to the whole. In order to achieve these goals, it is important to value the process itself rather than the result which would bring better opportunities to shape up stable institutional backups and for students to open up a diverse way to the success and to accept a wide range of different values. In addition, it is also vital to develop and execute the whole-person education programmes that can assist students to respect each individual’s different characteristics and dignities of student. By doing so, the society finally would embrace individual differences not just with the academic achievements and value more on moral attentions and considerations. Therefore, this study proves the positive effects of catholic schools on both sides of education, intellectuality and whole-person which lead students to form community spiritualities in chapter 2. Then it will search the identity and the role of catholic schools based on the church literature to examine the beneficial influences of catholic schools and of both internal and external evangelisation work on bringing students of abilities. Catholic Church aims to enhance students to understand the effectiveness of welfare through catholic schools. It also tries for students to be prepared to proffer services and to be an apostolate role-model who is able to extend God’s world. Catholic Church emphases education not only through catholic schools but also with homes (parents), nations (societies) and churches all together. Church accents on the notion that every party should be a part of forming and developing right values and intellectual abilities of students to bring religiously faithful individuals to the society. In other words, the whole-person education should be delivered based on the Christian spiritualities to shape an individual who can serve a local evangelisation. This is to actualise the identity of catholic schools. The main educational purpose of the catholic schools is to form Christian individuals who have upright characters by focusing on educational efforts and Christian spiritualities. As mentioned this can be accomplished by educational programmes that are designed to build an upright character and self-actualisation and to fulfil right social duties along with the eligible catholic educators who are evangelised. It is believed when the educators to precedently be sincere and faithful in everyday lives of theirs’, schools would be filled with the evangelical spirits such as love and liberality. This is the key notion of catholic churches’ educational policy through the catholic schools. Catholic schools should seek for educational methods through catholic ideals, but it should be well-balanced in accordance with the Korean and church’s law as well as the public educational issues. Thus, in chapter 3 followings are discussed; first, the reality of catholic middle- and high- schools’ educational state, the history and the current conditions of Daegu Archdiocese’s catholic education, focused on the interviews with clergies and religious who are dispatched to catholic middle- and high-schools in Daegu. Statistically, there are 1.5% catholic middle- and high-schools in Korea, there are eight catholic schools in Daegu where happens to be the most schools out of all dioceses followed by the most of faculties and students. Among faculties, 71.2% are catholic believers where students only are 18.2%. This may show the severe needs of both internal and external evangelic missionaries. Schools applied to the research have shown diverse educational programmes by clergies and religious. Schools are to consolidate the existence of themselves along with their identities, whole-person and character shaping programmes which are built with the catholic spiritualities. By doing so, students can form upright personalities and become suitable individuals to evangelized in local communities. In order to accomplish this, it is important all members of a school to have inner catholic values. For example, teachers who seem to spend the most time with students be crucial in terms of shaping students inner completion of evangelization. Thus, clergies and religious who are dispatched to schools have to perform a certain role not only as a missionary but also as an evangelic role model for teachers. However, their efforts do not seem to be enough, every home, nation (society), and church should play it together to actualise and to make students’ dreams come true by establishing a solid identity of catholic schools. These efforts might support the identity establishment of catholic schools are proposed. As mentioned, it is vital for catholic schools’ own attempts as well as the local bishop’s support. Supports from the bishop can lead to a proactive pastoral with fostering trained or specialised priests for school pastorals. This can be flourished with the supports from the associate parties. Catholic Church and schools should priory take care of the poor who have been abandoned from love and supports with a firm plan to educate those students. Students classified with by the law should be selected and provided satisfactory supports both mentally and economically. Also, catholic schools should develop their own teaching methods to enhance the unique features of catholic schools. For instance, programmes like building characters, community spirits, preventative disciplines, reading comprehensions, underachiever cares, career shaping, life respects and so on. As a matter of fact, schools have applied those programmes to their curriculums in Daegu. This should be continuously managed by certain stages of planning, executing, and measuring. Despite the fact that catholic schools cannot completely ignore the Korean educational territories like examinations, schools should find a balance in between by accepting intellectual education for the whole. Consequently, this study suggests “AMOS gospel share” and “community response” programmes from small community program. These Christian gatherings can solve those issues with a perspective of evangelization. In the programmes, students can be taught that other students are companions who we have to love rather than competitors. These efforts are to flourish the humane relationship with the God and to fulfil the love with one other, consequently, to help students to be mature social individuals. In sum, this research suggests right directions for catholic schools to proceed in order to actualise the adequate identity in public education boundaries by giving catholic thoughts and literatures. Secondly, this study examines the current conditions of whole-person education as well as the personality shaping education of catholic middle- and high-school in Daegu such as Daegun and Hyosung Middle Schools and Daegun and Hyosung Girls’ High schools. Lastly, it recommends the efforts to helps students to have Christian spirituality to embrace the evangelization based on the interview with clergies and religious.

한국 가톨릭교회의 생태의식과 실천모델 연구

정홍규 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 2014 국내박사

For this study, let's look into several signs of times which took place in the last 20 years. Firstly, during the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in 2000 and 2002, avian influenza or bird flu in 2004, and BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) and mad cow disease in 2008, it was observed that Korean churches showed an ambiguous attitude to burying groups of animals alive. There is no 'ethical language' for the animals' wellbeing in our church. Secondly, the on-line emergency news has continuously stated that the Catholic priests have held masses to protest against the construction of a naval base at Gangjeong village in Jejudo and that people held united struggles against the construction of the power-transmission towers in Milyang. A few priests have devoted their lives so as not to construct nuclear power plants in Samcheok City and Yeongdeok County. However, it has been observed that some other priests showed opposite attitudes about 'the confrontational situation' of the construction of nuclear power plants in Samcheok City and Yeongdeok County. Especially, thirdly, the episcopate announced its stance about 'Life and 4-Rivers Project' in 2010. However, different opinions from the episcopate have confused believers about what ecological justice is. In the same year, though 'A Guide on the Environment from the Korean Catholic Episcopate' was announced, the guidance didn't become effective on the church scene in the sense of 'ecological education and solidary practice.' Lately, after the nuclear disaster caused by the earthquake in Fukusima, Japan in May, 201I, countries in East Asia, especially Korea, feel scared of food contaminated by radioactivity because of close location from Japan. However, it is difficult to find 'the leadership from the episcopate of Korea and Japan' in order to take a step towards solutions for alternative energy. From the several cases mentioned above, the church does not take 'the ecological responsibility' quickly. In this study, it was discussed about how ecological movements shaped up and were embodied in 1990s, the daybreak of the Catholic movements for the eco-evangelization. By looking for pioneer-activitists who devoted themselves to our sustainable environment, our potential foundation for ecology will be discussed and cases and tasks for the ecological movements will be explored. There have been integrated instruction, ecological heritage and various voices about ecology from Pope John Paul Ⅱ in 1990 to Pope Benedictus XⅥ in 2010 for 20 years. In spite of that, each diocese and each church was not able to incorporate the above instructions into their religious life and did not practice the instructions. This study intends to reflect on the reason why they were not practiced. The 20 years in this study is the same period of the dawn and reclamation period of the Korean Catholic Eco-movement of which I took the initiative. I was in charge of the representative of the Korean National Priests' Environmental Association and the representative of the Korean Priests' National Preservation of Creation Order. I also made several other attempts for ecological evangelization. I developed theology and spirituality to have people realize the importance of farming through direct transactions between farmers and urban buyers and to ground the basic foundation of eco-movements. I demonstrated that church can have an eco-motif to Koreans by the efforts for the conservation of the Dong River and the protest of the construction of 4-Rivers Project. I created a model of an eco-church in Daegu and was evaluated to open up a new horizon of eco-evangelization. I established a nature school and an alternative eco-school for children for a sustainable future and I incorporated new and various ecological thoughts into the curriculum of the school. In this study, it was revealed that our actions without reflection on the past repeat the same trials and errors. If we retranslate the concentrational movements, heritage of the church, and the hands-on experiences for the last 20 years and if we integrate them with modern eco-vision, our church will be able to give shape to our hope for 'the Era of Peace-Ecology' of Pope Benedict XVI. Hopefully, this study will be dedicated to the 'great work' to preserve the Earth and to find a new eco-gospelization model as Thomas Berry already mentioned. In the 21st century, to change from the era of devastation to the era of mutually reciprocal relationships, it is essential to examine the eco-direction of the Catholic church and to create the alternative model for practice. Thus, it will become 'the great work' to open up 'the ecozoic-era' as Thomas Berry said.

한국 가톨릭계 중`고등학교의 올바른 종교교육에 관한 고찰(대구대교구를 중심으로)

이종욱 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 2010 국내석사

(Abstract) The Korean Catholic Church have been establishing and managing a lots of schools until now. Although this Catholic schools have been doing social service, The criticizers said to the them "Do Catholic schools have a righteous role as the Catholic school on nowadays?". they said that the Nation has enough to running school, so no more necessary to run the Catholic school for the mission. If catholic schools can't realize the Catholic ideal by inner reasons, The church will should to focus on the need places and to use the their energy. Now The Catholic church must to show the their opinion to the all kinds of opposite side. May they were not for that, they would lose the their reason of being. So this thesis try to observe the identity of Catholic school and the practical problem with a critical mind. beside It is to the study on the vision of Korean Catholic schools. First, This thesis looks into the identity of Catholic school in aspect of evangelization. As Catholic school are the place of evangelization, Students were experienced and learned the evangelical worth. And they have the existential change oneself to evangelization. After the finish school, they will help evangelization to the society. Second, This thesis looks into the Catholic middle and high schools realize the their own ideal base on recognizing the identity of Catholic school. The examination is to start from the aspect the actual conditions, the religion acting, the humanity education, and the religion education to center in Archdiocese of Dae-gu's Catholic schools. Beside It looks into the problem of Korean Catholic church about the legal side, social culture side, and in the school side. The Last, This thesis suppose the vision of Catholic schools in special educational situation. May this thesis will be a nutritious element for recovering identity of the Korean Catholic schools and developing that.

경상도 지역의 순교자와 현양 운동에 관한 고찰 : 대구대교구 순교자 20위 중심으로

서대원 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

The history of the Catholic Church in Korea is unique in that it has accepted the Gospel without any presence of missionaries. Moreover, the church has been able to practice its faith through the noble blood of its previous martyrs, as in the saying of Latin priest Tertullian, “the blood of the martyrs is the seed of the Church.” To remember its martyrs, the Korean Catholic Church has proclaimed September as ‘the Month of the Martyrs' in commemoration of those who laid down their lives for the Gospel in Korea. In the sphere of exaltation of martyrdom, however, it has been often superficial and passive in practice. Upon the current awareness of this issue, I thought that it would be meaningful to study and write about the holy spirit of martyrdom and an appropriate exaltation of its martyrs. The paper will examine top twenty martyrs and the movement of martyrs’ exaltation of the Catholic Archdiocese of Daegu based on historical events. In chapter Ⅰ, it gives an overview of martyrdom including the definition of martyrdom and martyrs, the concept of martyrs in the Bible, the meaning of martyrs through the eyes of Catholic priests and the history of honoring the martyrs. In chapter Ⅱ, it illustrates martyrs during the period of persecution in Gyeongsang-do, the early history of Catholicism in the region, the influence on Yeongnam area and the Martyrs in Daegu-Gyeongbuk area and their religious witnesses, beliefs and contributions. In chapter Ⅲ, it provides an origin of martyrs’ exaltation and its evolution and the martyrs’ exaltation movement followed by three parts: a period of voluntary exaltation of martyrs, a period of exaltation of martyrs activities and a period of regional exaltation movement. When we think of the lives of the martyrs, there is always God at the center of their lives. At the moment of life and death, they have always lowered themselves and followed God’s will. The most important of which is to recognize God’s will as a daily priority and devote ourselves to prayers. When this is practiced in our everyday life, there would be a true meaning of the martyrs’ exaltation. The movement of exaltation of martyrs includes holding a funeral for the martyrs, visiting their graveyards and collecting historical records. Through these achievements, we can commit our personal glory and set an example of life of faith for our descendants. Martyrs are the ones who have devoted their precious lives to God’s work and truly practiced the act of love thy neighbor. Today, we are not able to suffer bloody martyrdom, but we must proceed the hard work of martyrdom. True martyrdom will finally be accomplished when we exert the act of love and faith to God as the martyrs have done with their lives.

고령화 사회의 노인들을 위한 가톨릭교회의 사목적 방안 연구 : 대구대교구를 중심으로

권호섭 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 2013 국내석사

As medicine develops and sense of hygiene improves, the life expectancy has been longer and the 'aging society' has come. As we never experienced the aging society, there are concerns about the problem that could be caused by the aging society. The main cause of the concern is related to finance. We tend to see the aging society regards to finance; the decrease of labor population and the increase of cost to support seniors. Seniors are treated as an obstacle in the modern IT society where individual competence and new knowledge are valued. Society devalued seniors as the main cause of various social problems and even describes the aging society as 'a national timing bomb' or 'the shadow of disaster'. As a result, seniors are getting isolated and suffer various difficulty. On the contrary, church regards seniors as the blessed creature of God, symbol of wisdom and people to be respected. So, a church accepts aging as a blessing and a big project. Following this, Daegu Archdiocese carries out various pastoral projects for seniors. However, pastoral projects for seniors are far less paid attention comparing with the pastoral projects for the youth. Daegu Archdiocese should make an effort to develop the pastoral projects for seniors. Such effort would be helpful to make a social trend which accepts old age as a blessing and mission, and play a big role to recover the dignity of the seniors. This thesis gives priority to reconfirm the meaning of the old age and its value following the lesson of the catholic church, and seek the ways to recover the dignity of the senior. In addition, this thesis plans to grasp the state of the aging society and the pastoral projects for seniors by Daegu Archdiocese, and suggest substantial guideline to improve and develop the projects. This is the purpose of this thesis. A similar study had been done at the graduate school in Catholic University in 2009. It is the thesis by Chan Young Choi for his graduate degree; The role of the catholic church to activate the pastoral projects for seniors in the aging society - mainly by Archdiocese of Seoul and Uijeongbu. However, the thesis is about the activity in Seoul and Uijeongbu, and a study about the activity in Daegu Archdiocese needs to be done. Therefore, in chapter I this thesis overviews the aging society and the life of the seniors in general. In chapter II this thesis tries to understand the meaning of the old age and its value through bible, documents kept in the church and the catholic church, and confirm the lesson of the catholic church regards to seniors. In chapter III this thesis analyzes the state of the aging society in Daegu Archdiocese and in the ares under its jurisdiction, and examines the state of the pastoral projects for seniors and problems. Finally in chapter IV this thesis finds the purpose of the pastoral projects for seniors to set a correct direction and the goal of the pastoral projects for seniors following the guideline of the projects. This thesis also suggests the ways to improve and activate the pastoral projects for seniors based on Daegu Archdiocese and its parish church.

성경을 이용한 청소년 교리교육 효율성에 관한 연구 : 2000년 개정된 대구대교구 주일학교 교리교재와 2005년 대구대교구 복음여행 비교분석을 중심으로

이진옥 대구가톨릭대학교 신학대학원 2008 국내석사

(Abstract) Our youth are the leaders of tomorrow, and our catholic church agrees with this opinion. The letter "To every youth in world" from Pope John PaulⅡ said "You have hope, because you are part of the future and the future depends on you." And every society thinks youth education is a very important part of our lives too. We, as members of a society, have created many kinds of education program for youth. The Archbishopric, where is involved with Korea, is trying to develop a variety of youth programs. Unfortunately, the participation rate in Sunday school is decreasing these days. Catechesis needs to be more interesting and fun. We need to understand what happens in Sunday school. Usually Sunday school teachers are University students. They prepare for their class at least 1week in advance and they have class every weekend at anappointed hour. They try to teach by using many kinds of sources but youth do not feel the class is fun or helpful to develop their faith. This problem happens because of Sunday school teachers don't have a background in Theology so this makes it difficult to teach youth catechesis. Another problem is the text book. The text book is one of the most important sources in education. All education is influenced from not only the teacher's skill but also the text book. If the text book is too hard to understand for both the teacher and the students then this will be a serious problem. So the textbook needs to be easy to understand. In the case of catechesis, the text book is a really important source for educating faith to people. It should help individuals understand what it means to be Catholic. Unfortunately in the Catholic Church here Korea's traditional text book follows the Korean cramming system of education so people who want to be baptized or participate in the Catholic education program have to memorize all the Catholic teachings. This system was very effective in 1970s but now it is ineffective. For youth, a story telling system of education is more effective than the cramming system of education. So this study recommends using the bible for youth catechesis. The bible is the basis catechesis with sanctuary. In the bible there is God's teachings, and information about Jesus and the disciples’ lives. The structure of the bible is story telling so this bible will help our youth's faith through understanding Jesus and thedisciples’ lives; moreover, this will help students understand the Catholic teaching more easily. So the purpose of this study is about look at the effect of using the bible in youth catechesis. This study consists of five chapters. In chapter 1, we are going to look at characteristics of the Korean Catholic church's catechesis and how it is concerned with the realities of youth catechesis. Moreover, we will find out about current catechesis from Sunday school teachers (financial affairs and textbook.) We present the solution to reform the text book. In chapter 2, we are going to compare Daegu Archbishopric's Catholic education text book (2000ed) & Daegu Archbishopric's 'Traveling Gospel' based on the views of teachers and students. In chapter 3, we investigate the issue of the text book and present the solution of using the bible for youth Catechesis. Moreover, here we are going to look for examples of other Archbishopric’s youth Catechesis using the Bible. In chapter 4, new teaching skills using the bible are presented, particularly a metaphor in 4 gospels. We will also provide an example form of catechesis for youth. Finally in chapter 5, we are going to look the effectiveness of catholic youth education based on the bible. In conclusion, if youth catechesis uses the bible, it is really helpful for youth to understand the catholic teachings and strengthen their faith. But if teachers just focus on the Gospel, this can create a formal catechesis that does not promote learning and understanding. So when they harmony with both bible and sanctuary then youth catechesis will be more effective.

도시재생형 사회적경제조직의 지속가능성 연구 : 조직 구성원들의 인식 조사를 통한 정책 제안

이영희 대구가톨릭대학교 사회적경제경영대학원 2020 국내석사

In the past the only means of regenerating the decayed districts has been to demolishing the entire area for a large-scale redevelopment and reconstruction. However, the problems and limitations of existing large-scale demolition methods such as the dismantling of the community appeared, as the income level is improved the demand of people has diversified and urban regeneration has emerged as an alternative to this, and these days urban policy has been changing paradigm into urban regeneration. In this trend, the social economy has become significant as a key subject as a way to sustain the urban regeneration project, and the role of partner in the urban regeneration process has been increasing. However, there is a growing concern about whether social economic organizations can sustain after the processing times of regeneration of the city, due to lack of expertise, low wages, and unstable employment etc. In this regard, this study aimed to explore a way to sustain the urban regeneration-type social economic organization through a case study of social economic organizations formed by urban regeneration project in Daegu. This study examined the current status of urban regeneration project districts in Daegu, and then investigated the actual conditions of the business types, operational structure and profit structure of the five organizations which are still operating and the two organizations that have been shut down among social economic organizations established for the urban regeneration project in Daegu and interviewed the related members, intermediary support organization managers, experts. The interviews were arranged and analyzed in accordance with the analysis keywords, and based on this, the factors influencing the sustainability of social economic organization after urban regeneration project and the limitations of urban regeneration-type social economic organization were examined. Finally, based on all these works, I proposed the sustainability plan and model of urban regeneration-type social economic organization.

대학 캠퍼스 공간운용 분석요소 활용에 관한 연구

박건우 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 2010 국내석사

산업의 형태가 변함에 따라 대학교육 수요자의 욕구도 다양해지면서 대학교육 환경도 빠른 속도로 변하고 있다. 그리고 빠른 속도로 진행되고 있는 저출산, 고령화 현상은 대입자원의 감소로 이어져 대학 공급 과잉현상을 더 심화시킬 것으로 보인다. 이러한 대학교육 수요자의 다양한 욕구와는 반대로 수요자 감소로 인한 대학경영 위기에 대응하여 각 대학들이 특성화와 구조조정을 서두르고 있다. 국내 대학들은 학생자원의 격감, 고등교육시장 개방이라는 새로운 환경변화에 직면해 있을 뿐만 아니라 취약한 재정구조, 열악한 교육여건, 백화점식 학과설치 등 교육의 경쟁력의 측면에서 구조적인 문제를 안고 있다. 따라서 대학교육의 경쟁력을 제고하기 위한 최우선 정책과제는 대학들이 안고 있는 이러한 구조적인 취약점을 개선하기 위한 구조개혁이라고 볼 수 있다. 국내 대학의 내·외부적 경영환경이 악화됨에 따라 구조개혁 등의 구체적인 경영혁신 방안이 요구되었고 그러한 경영혁신의 합리성과 효율성을 증대하기 위한 수단으로서 대학의 정보화가 정책적으로 추진되었다. 이와 같은 대학 정보화 과정에서 현재의 국내 대학들은 학사행정시스템을 구축하여 관련된 각종업무를 효율적으로 운영하고 있는 반면에 시설관련시스템 구축은 미비한 상태로 운영되어지고 있다. 본 연구의 주요내용과 관련된 연구분야는 대학경영혁신, 캠퍼스 시설관리라고 할 수 있다. 국내 대학의 내·외부적 경영환경이 악화됨에 따라 구조개혁 등의 구체적인 경영혁신 방안이 요구되었고 그러한 경영혁신의 합리성과 효율성을 증대하기 위한 수단으로서 대학의 정보화가 정책적으로 추진되었다. 이와 같은 정보화는 인적, 물적 자원을 관리대상으로 손실이나 중복투자를 최소화하기 위해 양자간의 적절한 대응관계를 설정하기 위한 수단이다. 대학의 정보화는 주로 인적 자원이나 지적재산권을 대상으로 이루어져 왔으나 최근에는 시설, 공간 등과 같은 물적 자원에 대한 정보화에 많은 관심을 갖게 되었다. 대학교육의 질은 교육을 지원하는 시설의 질적 수준에 크게 영향을 받으며, 교육에 소요되는 비용 또한 교육의 질과 별개로 생각할 수 없는 문제이다. 따라서 보다 양질의 교육 및 연구 환경을 추구하는 것은 대학의 본능적인 의지이며, 그러한 의지가 새로운 시설수요를 끊임없이 발생시킨다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구의 목적은 다음과 같이 설정하였다. 현재 C대학이 추진하고 있는 Project의 구체적인 실현을 위한 시설수요의 증감과 수업의 질 향상, 수요자인 학생들의 공간사용 만족도 증대 등을 위한 방법의 하나로서 교육기본시설이 배치된 건물의 공간운용 분석요소를 활용하여 분석하고, 건물 특성별로 3가지로 분류하여 비교·분석한다. 이를 위하여 교육과정분석과 2008년 1-2학기 수업시간표 및 수강신청 인원의 분석으로 공용공간 활용율, 강의별 좌석점유율, 건물별 공간용도 구성비율 분석을 통해 공간에 대한 적정 활용율과 좌석점유율 분석을 통해 차후 대학경영에 필요한 기본 자료로 제시하고자 한다. This study focused on the development of analysis indexes for the present operational situation in university campus. In this study, seven analysis indexes for operational situation were established and applied to this study. They are the indexes of basic environment and space operation. The former includes the composition ratio of spatial usage, the type of lecture, and unit area per person. The latter includes the ratio of utilization, seat occupation of each lecture, common usage and rotation of each space. These Indexes was applied to three buildings of C university campus in Gyeongbuk and the operational situation of the buildings was analyzed. in which case, the differences from the case of being applied to the whole university were the extended number of buildings for application, and the analysis according to the division of each system. In this study, the analysis by systematization was not conducted, but in the following researches, the system needs to be developed into the one where the analysis on the space can be performed at all times through the linkage with administration information system built through information technology in university. All data related to space can be accumulated as database, and made use of to support re-distribution of space, expansion and improve of facilities, and university management by re-creating data in connection with the curriculum data. The key in this process is that the data produced in the campus space management, the new information regenerated by space use analysis. Therefore, space use analysis index used to analysis the space working condition(present condition of space use), should be accumulated as new knowledge through sharing among departments, rather than being treated just as simple data, and should become one of the knowledge management system. when the efficiency of the space of campus facilities are evaluated based on this study, and when proper space use for the practical conditions of universities and various decision making related to the space, and furthermore, the university management are effectively supported, the following results are expected to be made.

중국 대학생의 가정폭력경험이 데이트폭력 가해행동에 미치는 영향 : 공격성의 매개효과를 중심으로

국효뢰 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 2021 국내박사

This study investigates the experience of direct and indirect domestic abuse in the family. The purpose is to examine how experiences of domestic abuse affect the behavior of dating abuse perpetrators in their relationship with the opposite sex after their growth and the impact of aggression on the relationship between dating abuse perpetrators and domestic abuse experiences. A college student can be seen as an adult with a fully constructed self and able to make rational judgments as a part of society. Nevertheless, dating violence in college students is taking place. The cause can be assumed to have had a negative effect on the incomplete state before the ego was fully created. And the negative effects were considered domestic violence. In other words, one can hypothesize that domestic violence will affect adulthood. In addition, it is predicted that violence that continues into adulthood will soon be perpetrated against family members, and that domestic violence and dating violence will become a vicious cycle. Therefore, it is urgent to study dating violence among college students who are "relatively negatively affected by their experiences of domestic violence". So, I selected college students. Prior to verification, we reviewed the relevant variables and theoretical considerations for previous studies and established variables to derive the research hypothesis. The data collection was conducted as a survey, and a total of 300 questionnaires were distributed to college students in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China, from August 24 to 27, 2019, and 290 copies were finally analyzed, excluding 10 negative or partial answers. Data Analysis performed descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation, ANOVA, and path analysis using the PASW 18.0 Statistics program. The results of this study are as follows. First, it has been confirmed that college students with domestic abuse based on social demographic characteristics and dating abuse and aggression vary depending on gender, academic level, school life satisfaction, dating period, and cohabitation with parents. In the analysis of differences according to gender, it was found that female students were more directly exposed to domestic abuse than male students. In the difference analysis by academic level, aggression was higher in the lower classes than in the upper classes. In terms of school life satisfaction, students with low satisfaction with school life showed higher aggression. In the variable of dating period, dating abuse behavior was higher in the early stages of heterosexual relationships. In the analysis of differences according to whether or not they lived with their parents, aggression, experiences of domestic abuse, and behavioral factors such as dating abuse were all high when they did not live with their parents. Second, it was confirmed that domestic abuse experience and aggression had an effect on the perpetrators in dating abuse. According to the survey results, it was found that college students who perceived that they had experienced domestic abuse during their growing up showed aggressive tendencies as abuse was internalized after growth. In case of domestic abuse, directly It shows influence not only on experience but also on indirect experience. internalized Aggression is a major factor influencing dating abuse, and high aggression and violent behavior are proportional, and this continues to intensify until adulthood. Third, aggression has been identified as partly a medium in the experience of domestic abuse and relationships with dating abuse. The experience of domestic abuse among Chinese college students affects their aggressive tendencies due to the effects of direct and indirect learning of abuse, which in turn results in abuse behavior and also affects relationships. In other words, parents' experiences of abuse during the growing period were directly or indirectly learned, affecting their aggressive tendencies, and abuse learned in the course of dating with the opposite sex also affected their relationship. In dating abuse, aggression can be seen in part as a medium in the relationship between aggression and domestic abuse experiences. As a result of the study, it was found that direct or indirect learning of violence through domestic violence affects aggressive disposition, and this disposition becomes violent behavior and also violence in romantic relationships with the opposite sex. In other words, it was found that all elements of violence were vicious circles. Therefore, the study calls for counseling and psychotherapy to reduce preconceptions and aggression of dating violence, and these programs allow college students to develop their ability to control their own behavior. This research is also meaningful as the underlying data for this. 본 연구는 인생 초기 가족 내에서 경험하는 직·간접적인 가정폭력경험이 성장 이후 이성 관계에서 나타나는 데이트폭력 가해행동에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 검증하고, 데이트폭력 가해행동과 직‧간접 가정폭력경험의 관계에서 공격성의 매개효과를 검증하는 데 목적이 있다. 이때 이성 관계는 대학생을 대상으로 하였다. 대학생은 자아가 완전히 구축되었으며, 사회의 일환으로써 이성적인 판단을 할 수 있는 성인으로 볼 수 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 데이트폭력이 이루어지는 것은 자아가 완전히 구축되기 전, 불완전한 상태에서 부정적인 영향이 있었을 것이며, 이를 가정폭력으로 보았다. 이는 가정폭력이 성인기에도 영향을 줄 것이라는 가설을 세울 수 있다. 또한, 성인기에도 지속되는 폭력은 곧 가족 구성원에게도 행하게 될 것이며, 가정폭력과 데이트폭력은 악순환이 될 것이라는 결과를 예측한다. 이에 가정폭력 노출 경험으로 역기능 정도가 상대적으로 높고, 성인기에 들어선 대학생 대상 데이트폭력 연구가 시급한 점으로 보아, 그 대상을 선정하였다. 검증에 앞서, 관련 변인들에 대한 이론적 고찰 및 선행연구를 검토하고 변인을 선정하여 연구 가설을 도출하였다. 본 연구 목적 검증을 위한 자료 수집으로, 2019년 08월 24일에서 27일까지 중국 강소성(江苏省) 우시시(无锡市)에 위치한 대학의 학생들을 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하였다. 총 300부의 설문지를 배포하였으며, 그 중 일부 응답을 하지 않았거나, 불성실하게 답한 10부를 제외하고 최종적으로 290부를 분석하였다. 자료 분석을 위해 SPSS 18.0과 AMOS 18.0 통계프로그램을 사용하였으며, 기술통계, t-검증 및 분산분석(ANOVA), 상관관계분석, 분산분석, 구조방정식을 통한 경로분석과 매개효과분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구대상자인 대학생의 사회인구학적 특성에 따른 직‧간접 가정폭력에 관한 경험과 데이트폭력에서의 가해행동 및 공격성은 성별, 연애경험의 유무, 연애기간, 부모와의 동거여부 및 혼인상태에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 성별에 따른 차이분석에서는, 남학생보다 여학생들이 직접 가정폭력경험 노출 빈도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연애경험 유무와 연애기간 변인에서는, 연애경험이 있고, 이성 관계 초기에 데이트폭력 가해행동이 더 높게 나타났다. 부모와의 동거여부와 혼인상태에 따른 차이분석에서는, 성장기 부모와 비동거일 때 공격성, 가정폭력경험, 데이트폭력 가해행동 변인이 모두 높게 나타났으며, 부모의 혼인상태가 별거일 때 직‧간접 가정폭력경험과 공격성 및 데이트폭력 가해행동이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직‧간접 가정폭력경험과 공격성이 데이트폭력 가해행동에 미치는 영향이 있음을 확인하였다. 설문 결과에 따르면, 성장기 직‧간접 가정폭력경험이 있었다고 지각한 대학생이 성장 이후 폭력성이 내재화되어 공격적인 성향을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 가정폭력의 경우, 직접 가정폭력경험뿐만 아니라 간접 가정폭력경험에도 영향력을 보인다. 내재화 된 공격성의 경우, 데이트폭력에 영향을 가하는 주요 요인이 되며, 높은 공격성과 폭력적 행위가 비례하며, 이는 성인이 될 때까지 지속하여 강화된다고 볼 수 있다. 셋째, 직접 가정폭력경험과 데이트폭력 가해행동과의 관계에서 공격성이 부분적으로 매개효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 중국 대학생의 직‧간접 가정폭력경험은 폭력성의 직·간접적인 학습효과로 인하여 공격적인 성향에 영향을 미치며, 이는 곧 폭력적인 행동으로 나타나고, 연애관계에서도 그 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석된다. 즉, 성장기 때 부모의 폭력성에 대한 경험이 직·간접적으로 학습되어 공격적인 성향에 영향을 미치고, 성장 이후 이성과의 데이트 시 학습된 폭력성이 이성 관계에도 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 이는 데이트폭력에서의 가해행동과 직접 가정폭력경험의 관계에서 공격성이 부분적으로 매개효과가 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 연구 결과를 살펴본 바, 가정폭력으로 폭력성을 직·간접적으로 학습한 것이 공격적인 성향에 영향을 미치고, 이러한 성향은 폭력적인 행동이 되어 이성과의 연애 관계에서도 폭력이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 모든 폭력적 요소는 악순환함을 알 수 있었다. 이에 본 연구는 대학생이 데이트폭력 가해행동에 관하여 선험적 자각 및 공격성을 감소를 할 수 있도록 상담과 심리치료를 할 필요가 있으며, 이러한 프로그램으로 대학생 자신의 행동을 조절할 수 있는 능력을 키워야 하며, 그 기반이 되는 기초자료로써 연구의의가 있다.

사회적 경제 관련법제의 입법적 효과 : 협동조합기본법을 중심으로

박강희 대구가톨릭대학교 사회적경제경영대학원 2021 국내석사

Legal principles of social economy was Constitutional economic order of modern countries. The social economy or social market economy is very common idea in many democratic countries(Sozialer Rechtsstaat, see Art. 20 Grundgesetz(GG)) Especially, the economic order of the Republic of Korea shall be based on a respect for the freedom and creative initiative of enterprises and individuals in economic affairs. But, the State may regulate and coordinate economic affairs in order to maintain the balanced growth and stability of the national economy, to ensure proper distribution of income, to prevent the domination of the market and the abuse of economic power and to democratize the economy through harmony among the economic agent(Const. Art. 119). The purposes of this paper are analytical survey on ‘Framework Act on Cooperatives’ for the sake of sound promotion and development of Cooperatives. Cooperatives is main subject about promotion of social economy, and representative enterprises in many other countries. The core concepts of this paper are belows : ① Establishment procedure and registration of Cooperatives ② Creation of job or employment promotion ③ Sound financial management of Cooperatives ④ Relationship of administrative agencies and Cooperatives ⑤ Survey on Municipal Ordinances(Rules) about social economy and social enterprises. etc. 사회적 경제의 법리는 오래전부터 우리 헌법상 경제질서의 기본원리로 작동되어왔으며, 헌법은 대한민국의 경제질서를 개인과 기업의 경제상의 자유와 창의를 존중함에 두었고, 동시에 국가로 하여 균형 있는 국민경제의 성장 및 안전과 적정한 소득의 분배를 유지하고 시장의 지배와 경제력의 남용을 방지하며, 경제주체 간의 조화를 통한 경제민주화를 위하여 경제에 관한 규제와 조정을 할 수 있도록 하는 사회적 시장경제의 법리를 확고히 하였다. 본 연구는 사회적 시장경제의 이념을 구현하는 경제 주체의 하나로 협동조합 또는 사회적 협동조합에 관련된 기본입법으로서 협동조합기본법의 입법효과 또는 영향을 분석하여 향후 관련 입법에 반영하려는 의도에서 이루어졌다. 일반적으로 법령의 입법효과의 분석은 입법 전과 후로 나누어 볼 수 있으나, 협동조합기본법의 입법 목적 또는 배경에 대해서는 이론적·법리적 연구로 두고, 본 연구는 입법 후 협동조합의 설립 등에 있어서의 변화를 주 대상으로 하였다. 협동조합기본법의 입법 전후의 비교 영역으로 첫째, 협동조합의 설립 절차 및 설립회수 둘째, 조합원 수의 변화, 투자현황 든 협동조합의 운영에 관한 상황 셋째, 협동조합과 이를 관리·감독 및 협조 관계에 있는 행정기관과의 관련성 넷째, 협동조합의 일자리 및 고용창출 등의 변화 마지막으로 협동조합의 재무 구조의 변화 및 재정 건전성 등을 대상으로 하였다. 협동조합의 성립 및 발전은 협동조합기본법의 입법목적을 구현하기 위해 각 지방자치단체의 자치입법에 그 내용을 포괄하여야 할 것으로 우리 지역이라 할 수 있는 대구광역시와 경북도 의회의 관련 조례에 나타난 협동조합 및 사회적 기업의 보호·육성책을 분석하였다. 협동조합은 투자자본의 소규모·영세성 및 투자의 다양성, 조합 생산성의 소규모성 및 지역적 한계성, 수익 창출에 있어서 공익성과 사익성의 조화 등 그 발전 및 확장에 많은 어려움이 있으며, 이를 해소할 필요가 있으므로 협동조합기본법의 입법적 효과를 분석하여 이에 대처 방안을 규명하고 정한다고 할 것이다.