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    • KCI등재

      켤레 대칭을 이용한 비회전 신호에 대한 WL-MVDR 기반 효과적인 빔포밍

      최양호 한국통신학회 2022 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.47 No.5

      원하는 신호의 도래 방향이 알려졌을 때, MVDR(minimum variance distortionless response) 빔포밍(beamforming) 방식은 이 방향으로 빔 이득을 1로 하면서 출력 전력이 최소가 되도록 가중벡터(weight vector)를구한다. 센서 어레이에 도래하는 신호가 비회전(noncircular)이면, WL(widely linear) 방식을 이용하여 성능 개선을도모할 수 있다. WL 방식에서는 확장수신벡터로 부터 어레이 출력을 얻는다. 확장수신벡터는 수신 벡터에 이의복소 켤레(complex conjugate) 벡터를 연결해서 구성되며 켤레 대칭성을 가진다. 엄격한 비회전(strictly noncircular) 신호가 도래할 때, 본 논문에서는 WL-MVDR에 기초한 효과적인 빔포밍 방식을 제안한다. 제안방식에서는 켤레 대칭성을 이용하여 샘플 행렬(sample matrix)을 실수 행렬로 변환하여 효율적으로 고유분해 하고, NC-MUSIC(noncircular multiple signal classification)을 통해 도래각, 비회전 계수의 위상을 추정한다. 시뮬레이션결과는 제안 방식이 기존 방식보다 우수한 SINR(signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio) 성능을 나타내며, 또한 빔포인팅 오류(beam pointing error)에 강인함을 보인다. When the arrival angle of the desired signal is known the MVDR (minimum variance distortionless response) beamforming method finds the weigh vector to minimize the array output power under the constraint of the unit beam gain in the arrival direction. If the signals incident into a sensor array are noncircular the performance can be improved by employing a WL (widely linear) scheme, in which the array output is obtained from an extended vector formed by concatenating the received vector and its complex conjugate version. The extended vector is of conjugate symmetry. This paper presents a WL-MVDR based effective beamforming method when the incoming signals are strictly noncircular. The sample matrix for the extended received vector can be transformed into a real matrix with the use of the conjugate symmetry, which allows us to efficiently obtain the eigen-decomposition of it. The arrival angles of the incident signals and the phases of the noncircularity coefficients are estimated by NC-MUSIC (noncircular multiple signal classification). Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method has superior SINR (signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio) performance than existing ones, showing the robustness against the beam pointing error.

    • KCI등재

      Uniqueness of the Isotropic Frame and Usefulness of the Lorentz Transformation

      최양호 한국물리학회 2018 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.72 No.10

      According to the postulates of the special theory of relativity (STR), physical quantities such as proper times and Doppler shifts can be obtained from any inertial frame by regarding it as isotropic. Nonetheless many inconsistencies arise from the postulates, as shown in this paper. However, there are numerous experimental results that agree with the predictions of STR. It is explained why they are accurate despite the inconsistencies. The Lorentz transformation (LT), unless subject to the postulates of STR, may be a useful method to approach physics problems. As an example to show the usefulness of LT, the problem of the generalized Sagnac effect is solved by utilizing it.

    • KCI등재

      여름철 γ-aminobutyric acid 급여가 산란계 폐사율에 미치는 영향

      최양호 경상국립대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2019 농업생명과학연구 Vol.53 No.2

      The effects of feeding γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on performance of laying hens weretested at a commercial layer farm level during summer time. Two hen houses in a farm wereused that have a similar capacity of housing 50,000 hens each; one was used for GABAtreatment and the other served as a reference (Ref) group. GABA (100 ppm) was provided for44 days, during which feed and water intake, egg production and weight, and mortality as wellas high and low temperatures were recorded daily in both groups. Daily high and lowtemperatures were similar between two groups throughout the experimental period. Although feedintake was lower in GABA than Ref from the beginning of the experiment and was consistentlyobserved through the end (p<0.05), both mean daily egg mass and hen-day egg production werenot different resulting in lower feed requirements in GABA than Ref (p<0.05). Cumulativemortality was similar for the first 15 days, but was lower thereafter in GABA than Ref. Egg weight ratios were higher in the range of 52~<60 g but were lower in the weight group of60~<68 g in the GABA treatment group compared with those in Ref (p<0.05). Cracked eggratios were high in GABA than Ref, but this difference was found to occur even before theGABA study started, suggesting involvement in the egg-transferring system to the grading andpackaging center. Taken together, the results suggest that GABA exerts a beneficial effect inalleviating mortality in laying hens during summer time. 본 연구는 γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)가 여름철 산란계농장에서 산란계의 생산성에 미치는 영향을구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 동일한 사육규모(약 5만수/계사)의 계사에 수용된 산란계에게 44일간GABA(100 ppm)를 급여하였고, 유사한 사육규모의 다른 한 동에 수용된 산란계는 비교집단(Ref)으로이용되었다. 매일 최고 및 최저온도, 사료 및 물 섭취량, 산란수, 난중 및 폐사율은 계사단위로 측정 후분석에 이용되었다. 실험기간동안 두 계사 간의 일중 최고 및 최저 온도는 유사하였다. 사료섭취량은실험 개시 시점부터 GABA 처리 및 Ref 사이에 차이가 있었고 종료시까지 지속되었지만(p<0.05), 일일평균산란량과 헨데이산란율은 유사하였다. 그 결과 사료요구율은 GABA 처리구에서 현저히 낮았다(p<0.05). 물섭취량은 처음에 유사하였지만 시간과 더불어 GABA 처리구에서 증가하였고, 따라서 물섭취량 대 사료섭취량의 비는 5일 이후 GABA 처리구에서 현저히 증가하였다(p<0.05). 누적폐사율은 첫15일 동안 GABA 와 Ref간에 유사하였지만 이후 GABA 처리구에서 현저히 낮았고, 그 차이는 시간의경과와 함께 증가하였다. 난중별 비율에서도 차이가 있었으며, GABA 처리구에서 대란의 비율이 높았고특란의 비율은 낮았다(p<0.05). 파란율은 Ref에 비해 GABA 처리구에서 높았지만, 이러한 경향은GABA 급여 개시 전에도 발견되어 GABA 처리와 무관한 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과는GABA가 여름철 산란계의 폐사율 저감에 기여할 수 있음을 시사한다.

    • KCI등재

      순환코드를 이용한 효율적인 동기/에러 검출 방법 및 성능분석

      최양호 한국통신학회 1996 한국통신학회논문지 Vol.21 No.8

      Cyclic Codes can be used for burs(or time slot) synchronization as well as error detection as that the overhead bits of the burst, which would be nessary to seperate burst synchronization and error detection systems, may be eliminated. In this paper a new method for combined burst synchronization and error detection is proposed which requires CRC decoding once only, while the previous method which inspects channel error after searching for burst synchronization requeires CRC decoding twice. The proposed method has the advantage of simple implementation and reducing processing time over the previous one, still showing the same detection perfdormance. It may occur that a burst different from the actually transmitted one is falsely accepted in the presence of channel errors. The exact expression for the false acceptance probability is newly presented through a simple derivation basied on the fact that it is determined by channel errors but not by detection methods.

    • KCI등재

      Statistical Estimation of Extreme Values in the Mixture Distributions

      최양호,곽원선,구혜인,안재윤 한국리스크관리학회 2014 리스크 관리연구 Vol.25 No.3

      In this paper, we address possible bias issues in quantile estimation using generalized extreme value distribution (GEV). We first provide two examples, one from a Fréchet-Gumbel mixture distribution and the other from a Gumbel-Gumbel mixture distribution, which explain theoretical asymptotic convergence of extreme value estimators to GEV in cases of mixture distributions. However, through a simple example, we show that the convergence rate can be arbitrarily slow for some cases, and explain that slow convergence rates can create bias in actual statistical estimations of the quantile of extreme values. To reduce the bias in quantile estimation of extreme values, we briefly mention that (modified) GPD method can be effective, depending on the data size available. Finally, actual data on the precipitation in Seoul are analyzed using both the GEV and GPD method.

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