軍組織에서의 藥物濫用 실태와 대책

이창희 관동대학교 1996 국내석사

水墨의 現代的 造形感覺에 대하여 : 본인의 作品을 중심으로

이창희 홍익대학교 1999 국내석사

環境要因이 BSC 評價指慓의 受容度에 미치는 影響

이창희 계명대학교 2001 국내박사

임플란트에 대한 지르코니아 지대주의 적합도

이창희 조선대학교 일반대학원 2010 국내석사

Since the concept of osseointegration was introduced in the field of dentistry, the implant has been used for the restoration of missing teeth. Because of the increased esthetic demands of the patients, however, the needs of esthetic abutment have been raised. Zirconia has excellent esthetics as well as good mechanical properties, so this material can be used as the abutment for the implant fixture where the esthetics is emphasized. But mechanical cutting method has to be used for making the zirconia abutment, so CAD/CAM (Computer-Assisted Design/Computer-Assisted Manufacturing) system was introduced. However, it costs too much to set up the CAD/CAM system. And the precision of the milling machine itself and skillful operators who can handle the machine well were needed. With the current CAD/CAM system, however, the precise representation of the internal- hex connection type abutment is virtually impossible. Therefore, to make up this disadvantage, MAD/MAM (Manually-Assisted Design/Manually-Assisted Manufacturing) system which includes a manual process is introduced. In this study, 10 titanium prefabricated abutments and 10 zirconia customized abutments were made as a control group and experimental group respectively and the marginal gaps were measured. The results were as follows. In control group, the average of the marginal gaps was less than 10㎛ which is the limit measurement of the optical microscope used for this study. And In case of experimental group, the averages of the marginal gaps were 110.5 ± 58.75 ㎛ in the internal-hex connection type and 54.2 ± 61.60 ㎛ in the external-hex connection type each. Because the internal-hex connection type abutment had larger marginal gap than the external-hex connection type abutment, it is more difficult to make customized abutment of the internal-hex connection type than that of the external-hex connection type. And the large standard deviation of the data shows that the status of the abutment can be different by the proficiency of the operator in MAD/MAM system. In conclusion, to produce the precise and homogeneous restoration stably in the MAD/MAM system which can make the zirconia prothesis without much installation costs, the use of sharp milling machine, improvement of the precision of the machine and improvement of proficiency of the operator will be required.

a-IGZO TFT를 이용한 고해상도 평판 디스플레이용 레벨 시프터 내장 저전력 시프트 레지스터 회로 설계 : Design of Low-Power Shift Register Circuit Embedded with Level Shifter Using a-IGZO TFTs for High-Resolution Flat-Panel Displays

이창희 한양대학교 2013 국내석사

Flat-panel displays (FPDs) are the most efficient equipment through which people get a variety of information anywhere and anytime in this highly developed information-oriented age. FPDs are classified into passive-matrix displays (PMDs) and active-matrix displays (AMDs) depending on whether there exists a switch device or not. Most of FPDs now use AMDs because it is difficult to implement the high-resolution display on PMDs. As the specifications of FPDs such as resolution and frame frequency increase, a scan line time also getting shorter. Consequently, a hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film transistor (TFT) with low mobility is reaching its limits. The backplane device of FPDs has attracted much attention, and many studies have attempted to develop the replaceable device of the a-Si:H TFT. Especially, an oxide TFT has been drawing interest as a candidate for the backplane device of high-resolution FPDs because it has higher mobility than the a-Si:H TFT and better uniformity than a polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) TFT. This thesis proposes a low-power shift register embedded with a level shifter that uses the depletion-mode amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) TFTs for high-resolution FPDs. In designing the low-power shift register embedded with the level shifter, firstly, the level shifter is implemented without using a diode-connected TFT. Secondly, the shift register is implemented by using the clock signals with a reduced voltage swing. The proposed level shifter and shift register are simulated at the output voltage swing of 30 V and the operating frequency of 153.6 kHz, which satisfy the driving condition for 10-inch wide quad extended graphics array (WQXGA, 1600 × RGB × 2560) FPDs with the frame frequency of 60 Hz. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed level shifter and shift register successfully operated at even up to −3 V of the threshold voltage shift (ΔVth). The power consumptions of the level shifter and the shift register for the ten stages are 2.61 mW and 295.13 μW, respectively. The final simulation results of the proposed shift register embedded with the level shifter demonstrated a successful operation even at the −2 V of the ΔVth. The power consumption of the proposed shift register embedded with the level shifter for the ten stages is 413.57 μW, which means a reduction of as much as 93.68% in comparison with the previous work. These findings led me to conclude that the proposed shift register embedded with the level shifter is well suited for high-resolution FPDs. 평판 디스플레이는 (Flat-Panel Displays, FPDs)는 고도화된 정보화 시대에서 언제 어디서나 다양한 정보를 얻을 수 있는 가장 효율적인 수단이다. 평판 디스플레이는 스위치 소자의 유무에 따라 수동 구동형 디스플레이 (Passive-Matrix Displays, PMDs)와 능동 구동형 디스플레이 (Active-Matrix Displays, AMDs)로 구분된다. 수동 구동형 디스플레이는 고해상도 평판 디스플레이를 구현하는 것이 어렵기 때문에 현재 대부분의 평판 디스플레이는 능동 구동형 디스플레이를 사용하고 있다. 해상도 (Resolution)와 프레임 주파수 (Frame Frequency)와 같은 평판 디스플레이의 사양이 증가함에 따라 스캔 라인 시간 (Scan Line Time)이 점점 짧아지고 있다. 따라서 낮은 이동도 (Mobility)를 갖는 수소화 비정질 실리콘 (Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon, a-Si:H) 박막 트랜지스터 (Thin-Film Transistor, TFT)는 한계에 다다르고 있다. 평판 디스플레이의 후면 (Backplane) 소자는 많은 관심을 받고 있으며, 수소화 비정질 실리콘 박막 트랜지스터를 대체할 수 있는 소자를 개발하기 위한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히 산화물 (Oxide) 박막 트랜지스터는 수소화 비정질 실리콘 박막 트랜지스터보다 이동도가 높고, 다결정 실리콘 (Polycrystalline Silicon, poly-Si) 박막 트랜지스터보다 균일성 (Uniformity)이 좋기 때문에 고해상도 평판 디스플레이의 후면 소자를 위한 후보로서 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 본 논문은 공핍형 (Depletion-Mode) a-IGZO TFT를 이용한 고해상도 평판 디스플레이용 레벨 시프터 내장 저전력 시프트 레지스터를 제안한다. 레벨 시프터 내장 저전력 시프트 레지스터를 설계하기 위하여 첫째로, 제안한 레벨 시프터는 다이오드 연결 소자 (Diode-Connected Device)없이 설계되었다. 둘째로, 제안한 시프트 레지스터는 감소된 전압 스윙을 갖는 클락 신호를 사용하여 설계되었다. 제안한 레벨 시프터와 시프트 레지스터는 60 Hz의 프레임 주파수로 동작하는 10인치 WQXGA (1600 × RGB × 2560) 평판 디스플레이를 위한 구동 조건을 만족하는 30 V의 출력 전압 스윙과 153.6 kHz의 동작 주파수에서 검증되었다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 제안한 레벨 시프터와 시프트 레지스터가 −3 V의 문턱 전압 이동 (Threshold Voltage Shift, ΔVth)까지 성공적으로 동작함을 보여준다. 제안한 레벨 시프터와 시프트 레지스터 열 단의 소비전력은 각각 2.61 mW와 295.13 μW이다. 제안한 레벨 시프터 내장 시프트 레지스터의 최종 시뮬레이션 결과는 −2 V의 문턱 전압 이동까지 성공적으로 동작함을 보여준다. 제안한 레벨 시프터 내장 시프트 레지스터 열 단의 소비전력은 기존 회로와 비교하여 93.68%가 감소한 413.57 μW이다. 이러한 결과들은 제안한 레벨 시프터 내장 시프트 레지스터가 고해상도 평판 디스플레이에 아주 적합함을 입증한다.

생태체계적 사회기술훈련이 정신지체장애인의 적응행동에 미치는 효과

이창희 부산대학교 행정대학원 2002 국내석사

Brahmodya의 祭儀的 성격에 관한 연구

이창희 동국대학교 대학원 1999 국내석사

In this papaer, I study the brahmodyas, the ritualized verbal contest, in the context of the Vedic ritual tradition. The paper contains two main points. First, I insist that the brahmodyas which at first sight appear to have been an improvised philiosphical discussion are a kind of ritual acts. Second, I propose that the expressions peculiar to the brahmodya and the intellectual concept discussed in the brahmodyas can be illuminated as a kind of ritual languge. This paper consists of three main chapters. Chapter 2 is a study dealing with the priest's brahmodya at the vedic Horse sacrifice(As´vamedha), which is a fixed and stereotyped exchange of questions and answers. I tried to understand meanings and purposes of the brahmodya in the light of the total structure of the Horse sacrifice. I divide the vedic rituals into three different types - ie. competitive, cyclical, and performative types - according to its character, so that I may show that the brahmodyas have structural similarities with the Vedic S'rauta rituals as represented by the Horse sacrifice. Chapter 3 begins by classifying the brahmodyas of the S´B and BA￣U, and determining that to what extent it could be named by the term brahmodya. And as a first step for an understanding of the brahmodyas as a ritual act, I try to clarify where it appears in the Vedic texts. The Vedic texts in which the brahmodyas appear have a certain feature in comparison with the other parts of the texts. It's been characterized by a secret text to be studied outside of the village with a special initiation. To simplify the inquires of this chapter, I distinguished the Vedic ritaul into the two discernable types such as the sacrificial ritual and the initiation ritual. So second phase of this chapter entails an investigation of the Vedic initiation ritual ranging from the soma diks.a￣ to the ava￣nataradi￣ks.a of the pravargya ritual. Vedic initiation ritual contains two distinct aspects. First of that is ritual competition needed for collecting the ritual material, which will be later given to the officiating priests. Second aspect is concerned with ritual asceticism which is a general characteristic of the initiaion ritual. In Vedic initiation ritual, these two aspects have mingled with each other so as to make a unique pattern. Considering that these initiation rituals have influence over the Vedic ritual, it might be possible to assume a changing pattern in the Vedic ritual which is characterized by some scholars as 'the interiorization of the ritual'. In the third phase of this chapter, I compare the initiatory pattern of the vedic rituals with the pattern of the brahmodyas of the bra￣hmdn.as and upanis.ads. With this study, I intend to show the above mentioned Vedic initiation pattern is also found in the brahmodyas. Chapter 4 presents a study of a vedic discourse convention developed from the brahmodyas. It's a exposition of correspondence seeking cosmic-ritual equivalences. In Vedic text, there are many terms representing such a rhetorical expression : bandhu, nida￣na, upanis.ad, upa￣s, a￣des´a, etc. Viewing the Veda as a whole, I think it is not merely an expression describing the sacrificial action, but rather the message in itself the ritual texts convey. And second part of this chapter deals with the curse or empty threat spoken by one of the disputants in the course of the brahmodyas and self-assertion of the disputants. Not being properly treated, these elements have been considered as a magical elements unessential to the upanis.adic thought. The reason why the curse and the self-assertion appear in the brahmodya is not yet thoroughly investigated. I attempt at considering these elements in view of, first, the vedic system of equivalences, and second, the origin myth of Pravargya ritual which show a parallel structure and symbolism with the story of the brahmodyas. The last chapter of this chapter is the study of the main themes discussed in the brahmodyas on the basis of the previous researches on the vedic initiation rituals. The premise of this part is that the upanis.adic thougts are not so abstract as have been thought, but rather show concret mentality. I intend to reveal this premise through examining the diverse meanings of the some key words in the upanis.ad such as the bra´hman, a￣tman, devaya￣na and pitr.ya￣na etc.

하이드로폰용 결정화 유리의 제조 및 전기적 특성

이창희 부산대학교 대학원 2000 국내석사

The crystallization behaviour and electrical properties of a PbO-TiO2-Al2O3-SiO2 glass heat-treated at various temperatures for have been investigated by the means of X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Higher crystallinity was obtained in the sample heat-treated at higher temperature for longer time. With increasing heat-treatment time, dielectric constants of the samples heat-treated at 610℃ and 650℃ were increased, respectively but that of the sample heat-treated at 800℃ was decreased. Loss tangent of the heat-treated sample was not much influenced by heat-treatment conditions. Piezodielectric charge constant was approximately. 1.0×10 □∼8.0×10□C/N in the sample heat-treated at 800℃ for holding time range, 1∼8h.

容齋 李荇 漢詩의 硏究

이창희 高麗大學校 大學院 1998 국내박사

가계자산 축적의 동태적 변화에 관한 연구 : 부동산자산과 금융자산 비교를 중심으로

이창희 강원대학교 일반대학원 2018 국내박사

가계는 청·장년기에 왕성한 소득활동과 저축으로 자산을 축적하고 소득보다 소비가 더 많은 노년기에는 자산이 감소하게 된다. 따라서 자산-연령 프로파일은 언덕모양의 역U자 형태를 보이게 된다. 이러한 생애주기가설에 기반한 전통적인 국내 선행연구들은 대체로 자산을 세분하지 아니한 전체 자산을 대상으로 연령효과와 코호트효과를 분석하는 것에 중점을 두고 진행되었다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 통계청 가계금융·복지조사 원시자료(2010-2016년)를 활용하여 Deaton 정규화 분석모형으로 가계자산을 부동산자산과 금융자산으로 나누고 나아가서 소득분위에 따라 자산 축적의 동태적 변화를 연령별· 코호트별· 시간별 관점에서 분석하고자 하였다. 분석결과, 가계의 부동산자산과 금융자산의 축적에 연령효과, 코호트효과 및 시간효과가 다음과 같이 나타났다. 첫째, 자산-연령 프로파일은 역U자 형태로 생애주기모형과 비슷하다. 다만, 그 정점이 부동산자산은 60대 전반, 금융자산은 40대 전반으로 나타나서 양 자산이 서로 다르다. 코호트를 통제하면 금융자산도 부동산자산과 동일하게 60대 전반이 정점이 된다. 둘째, 인구·사회학적 특성을 반영하면, 금융자산은 큰 변화가 없지만, 부동산자산은 80세 최고령까지 지속적으로 상향하는 패턴을 보이는데 이는 생애주기 모형과 다소 다른 모습이다. 소득상위계층들이 고령임에도 불구하고 부동산자산을 선호하는 이유는 저금리, 월세 대중화 등 환경 변화에 따른 자산포트폴리오 관리 차원이고, 60대 이상 연령그룹의 부동산 불패 경험과 불안한 노후에 대한 예비적 동기와 상속 대비를 위한 전략적 동기가 내재된 결과로 여겨진다. 셋째, 코호트효과로는 1960년대 출생 코호트의 부동산자산의 낙폭이 크게 나타나는데, 이는 1997년 외환위기 당시 30세 전후의 결혼 적령기에 있었던 코호트 특성이 반영된 결과로 보인다. 1960년대 출생자 중에서 60년대 전반(1960-1964년생)은 같은 베이비부머세대인 1950년대 후반(1955-59년생)과도 크게 다른 프로파일을 보이는 것은 외환위기 당시 생애주기단계의 차이에 따른 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 소득 5분위들은 1960년대 출생이라도 동년배들과는 달리 부동산자산을 상당 수준 축적했던 점과 소득 5분위그룹 내의 코호트 간의 편차가 작은 것은 가정형성 초기에 이미 富를 부모 등으로부터 적지 않게 이전받은 결과라고 추측할 수 있다. 넷째, 시간효과는 2010년 이후 부동산 경기의 부침에 따라 받은 영향이 투영되었고, 금융자산과 부동산자산의 시간효과가 마치 데칼코마니처럼 대칭적인 패턴을 나타내는 것은 양 자산 간의 상호 대체재적 속성에 따른 것임을 시사한다. 한편, 소득 5분위의 부동산자산의 경우는 1년 먼저 급상승 후 하락 및 재상승하는 W형태의 패턴을 보인다. 이는 정부의 부동산 정책에 즉각 반응해서 발 빠르게 실행에 옮기는 고소득계층의 군집행동식 투자행태가 반영된 결과로 판단할 수 있다. 다섯째, 자산 축적의 요인에서 배우자 있는 기혼과 대졸 이상 학력, 종업원을 두고 있는 자영업의 특성은 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 요인으로 금융자산과 부동산자산이 동일하나, 수도권 거주 변수는 금융자산과는 달리 부동산자산은 부(-)의 영향으로 작용한 것은 조사 기간 내의 수도권과 비수도권 사이의 부동산시장 경기의 차이로 분석된다. 본 연구의 의의는 생애주기 관점에서 소득 중·상위계층이나 인구·사회학적 특성을 반영하면, 노년기까지도 부동산자산의 축적이 지속된다는 것을 실증적으로 규명한 점과 시간효과 분석에서 금융자산과 부동산자산의 상호 대칭성 발견으로 양 자산 간 대체재적 성격과 부동산자산의 준금융자산성 함의를 밝히고, 부동산정책에 발 빠르게 대응하는 W자형 패턴의 군집행동적 투자행태를 발견한 점이다. 그리고 1960년대 출생그룹의 코호트효과를 확인하였고, 소득 5분위에서는 열악한 코호트 특성이 예외가 되고, 이미 30대에 상당수준의 부동산자산 축적 및 코호트 간의 작은 편차 등 부의 대물림으로 추측되는 패턴을 발견한 점이다. 본 연구의 시사점으로는 시간효과에서 발견된 부동산자산의 준금융자산성과 금융자산과의 대체재적 성격 그리고 W자 행태의 군집행동적 투자패턴 발견은 학술적 가치가 있다고 평가된다. 생애 말년까지 축적되는 부동산자산이 향후 경제적 충격 등 환경 변화에 따라 노후의 위협 요소될 우려가 크므로, 가계 차원에서는 다운사이징 등 포트폴리오 조정이나 부동산자산의 유동화로 노후 소득의 안정적 조달 방안을 강구해야 할 것이다. 금융회사 차원에서는 코호트별 특성을 감안한 맞춤형 상품개발과 자산관리 자문서비스 지원이 요긴하며, 정책 차원에서는 부의 대물림 추측과 관련하여 조세 형평을 위한 세원 확보 노력과 주택연금 등 다양한 유동화상품의 개발과 획기적 개선 그리고 부동산시장 붕괴에 대비하는 정책수단도 요구된다. Households accumulate wealth through vigorous income activity and savings in adolescence and manhood and come to get their wealth reduced in senescence where consumption occurs more greatly than savings. Accordingly, the wealth-age profile comes to show a hill-shaped inverted U-form. Traditional domestic previous studies based on this life cycle hypothesis did not subdivide wealth or assets in general but focused on analyzing the age effect and cohort effect for whole wealth or assets. Therefore, this study divided household assets into property assets and financial assets based on Deaton's normalization analysis model by using raw data of the household finance · welfare survey of National Statistical Office(2010-2016) and furthermore attempted to analyze the dynamic change of wealth accumulation in accordance with income quintiles from age, cohort and time perspectives. As a result, it was found that the age effect, the cohort effect and the time effect occurred on the accumulation of property assets and financial assets in households as follows: First, the wealth-age profile is similar to the life cycle hypothesis in an inverted U-form. Its apex in property assets was found to exist in the first half of the 60s and in the first half of the 40s in case of financial assets, which indicates that there is a difference between two assets. If the cohort is controlled for, financial assets like property assets come to arrive at the apex in the first half of the 60s. Second, financial assets did not make great changes if socio-demographical characteristics were mirrored, and property assets showed a pattern of continuing to move upward up to the highest age of 80 years. This is the figure somewhat different from the life cycle model. Upper-income brackets have a preference for property assets though they may be old. The reason is thought to include the dimension of asset portfolio management with environmental changes such as low interest rates, popularized monthly rent and so on, and experiences in the barbican of real property by the age group of people in the 60s or older, the preliminary motive for unstable old age and the strategical motive to prepare for inheritance. Third, it was found that in terms of the cohort effect, there was a great drop in property assets in the cohort of people born in the 1960s, which is seen to result from the reflection of the characteristics of the cohort put at the marriageable age of around their 30s at the time of the foreign exchange crisis in 1997. People born in the first half(1960-1964) of the 1960s, of those born in the 1960s, showed the profile greatly different from those born in the latter half of the 1950s, the baby boom generation, which is judged to be attributable to a difference in the life cycle stage at the time of the foreign exchange crisis. But people in the income quintiles, unlike their cohorts, accumulated a given level of property assets thought they might be born in the 1960s, and the small deviation between cohorts within the group of income quintiles can be guessed to be because they already inherited a considerable level of wealth from their parents at the initial stage of family formation. Fourth, influences from the ups and downs of the real estate business since 2010 were projected into the time effect, and the time effect of financial assets and property assets showed a symmetrical pattern like decalcomanie, which implies that they take on a character of mutual substitute goods. On the one hand, the property assets of income quintiles showed a W-form pattern of their sharp rise in one year, drop and second rise. This can be judged to result from the reflection of the herding-behavior investment of the upper-income bracket in quick response to the real estate policy of government. Fifth, it was found that married life with the couple, academic background of higher than college graduation and private business with employees had a positive effect on the wealth accumulation of both property assets and financial assets. But the variable of residence in the metropolitan area had a negative effect on the accumulation of property assets unlike financial assets, which is analyzed to have been due to a difference in the real estate market business between the metropolitan area and the non-metropolitan area over the period of survey. This study has its significance in that it made an empirical investigation into the fact that the wealth accumulation of property assets lasts up to senescence when middle- or upper-income brackets and socio-demographical characteristics are reflected from a life cycle perspective. And it made clear the character of substitute goods of financial assets and property assets and the connotation of the semi-financial assets nature of property assets by finding out the mutual symmetricalness of both assets in relation to time effect analysis. And it found out the W-form pattern of herding-behavior investment in quick response to the real estate policy. And it found out the cohort effect of the group of people born in the 1960s and found that the poor cohot characteristic was an exception in income quintiles and there was a pattern guessed to be the inheritance of wealth such as the accumulation of a considerable level of property assets in the 30s and a small deviation between cohorts. This study has its implications of academic value in that it found the semi-financial assets nature of property assets found in the time effect, the mutual substitute goods between property and financial assets and the W-form herding-behavior investment. Property assets accumulated up to the latter years of life may be the great factor threatening to old age with environmental changes such as future economic shocks. So there is a need to consider the scheme for stable old-age income through portfolio adjustment such as downsizing at the household level or the securitization of property assets. At the financial company level, it is urgent to develop customized financial products suited for cohort characteristics and provide support for asset management consulting service. At the policy level, it is necessary to make efforts to secure the sources of tax revenue for tax equity in relation to the inheritance of wealth, to develop and innovatively improve diverse securitized products such as housing pension and to provide against the collapse of the real estate market.