침투성 살충제 Carbofuran 토양 잔류물의 벼에 의한 흡수

이재구,경기성,Wheeler, W B 한국환경농학회 1989 한국환경농학회지 Vol.8 No.2

침투성 살충제 Carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl-N-methylcarbamate)의 신생 (Fresh) 및 숙성 (Aged) 잔류물의 벼에 의한 흡수를 구명하기 위하여 벼 재배 직전에 Carbofuran을 처리한 토양(T-1), Carbofuran 을 처리하고 3개월간 숙성시킨 토양 (T-2) 및 Carbofuran 처리 후 6개월간 숙성시킨 토양 (T-3)에서 벼를 재배하였다. 토양(온도 22±1℃ 최대 용수량의 50% 수분함량) 중에서 3개월 및 6개월간 숙성시키는 동안 ^(14)C-Carbofuran 으로 부터 방출된 ^(14)CO₂의 량은 최초 처리량의 각각 8.9%와 26.7% 이 었다. 42일간 벼를 재배하는 동안 방출된 ^(14)CO₂의 량은 4.4%(T-1), 11.0%(T-2) 그리고 15.7%(T-3)이었다. 3개월과 6개월간 숙성시킨 토양을 MeOH로 추출하여 Autoradiograph를 행한 결과 주대사 산물이 3-keto Carbofuran phenol(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-7-benzofuranol)이었고 벼를 MeOH로 추출하고 Autoradiography를 행한 결과 3-hydroxy Carbofuran(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-7-benzofuranyl-N-methylcarbamate) 이 주 대사산물로 판명되었다. 3개월과 6개월의 숙성 기간과 42일간의 벼 재배 기간중 토양의 ^(14)C-Carbofuran 으로부터 휘발된 량은 최초 처리량의 각각 0.026, 0.05, 그리고 0.012-0.018 %이었다. 42일간의 벼 재배 기간중 벼에 의하여 토양으로 부터 흡수 이행되고 잔류해 있는 ^(14)C방사능의 량은 최초 방사능의 각각 26.8%(T-1), 21.4%(T-2), 그리고 10.3%(T-3)이었다. T-1, T-2 및 T-3 에서의 추출 불가 토양 잔류물의 량은 최초 처리 Carbofuran의 8.3%, 37.9% 그리고 54.6%이었다. T-3에서 ^(14)C 방사능이 지상으로 소량 이행된 것은 주 대사산물인 3-keto Carbofuran phenol이 뿌리에서 Conjugate를 형성했기 때문이며 T-1에서 특히 회수율이 낮은 것은 벼 조직의 표면으로부터 Carbofuran 이 휘발되었기 때문이라 생각된다. In order to investigate the uptake of the systemic insecticide, carbofuran, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl-N-methyl(arbamate) residues, fresh and aged, by rice plants, they were grown for 42 days in soils containing freshly treated (T-1), 3-month-aged (T-2), and 6-month-aged residues (T-3). The amounts of ^(14)CO₂ evolved from ^(14)C-carbofuran during the 3-and 6-month aging in soil (temp. 22±1℃ ; moisture, 50% of the maximum water-holding capacity) were 8.9 and 26.7% of the original radioactivity applied, respectively. Mineralization of ^(14)C-carbofuran in soil to ^(14)CO₂ during 42 days of rice growing was 4.4% (T-1), 11.0% (T-2), and 15.7 (T-3). The methanol extract of the 3-and 6-month-aged soils revealed that 3-keto carbofuran phenol (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-7-benzofuranol) was the major metabolite, where as 3-hydroxy carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-7-benzofuranyl-N-methylcarbamate) turned out to be the major metabolite in the shoots by the enzymatic cleavage of the possible conjugate present in the methanol extract. Volatilization of ^(14)C-carbofuran in soil during 3-and 6-month-aging, and 42 days of rice growing was 0.026, 0.05, and 0.012-0.018% of the applied radioactivity, respectively. The ^(14)C-radioactivity which was absorbed from the soils by rice plants during 42 days of the growing period and persisted in rice plant tissues was 26.8, 21.4, and 10.3% in T-1, T-2, and T-3, respectively. The non-extractable bound residues were 8.3, 37.9, and 54.6% of the originally applied carbofuran in T-1. T-2, and T-3, respectively. The small translocation of ^(14)C-radioactivity in T-3 upwards suggests that major metabolite 3-keto carbofuran phenol is conjugated in roots and the low recovery in T-1 indicates the loss of carbofuran from the shoots.

全北地方 乳牛에 感染된 Hypoderma spp.에 關한 疫學的 調査(豫報)

李宰求 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1972 農大論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Epideminological investigations have been carried out into Hypoderma spp. larva infection in 237dairy cattle from the 49 scattered farms of Jeonbuk District. The following is a brief summary of the leading facts gained through the investigations : 1.An investigation of 1972 as to the occurrence of Hypoderma spp. larva has disclosed that only 91(68.8%) out of 132 Canadian cattle imported in 1971 were holding larva whereas none of the larva was detected from the rest. 2. On an investigation by the method of 'anamnesis' as to the occurrence for the year 1971, it is found that the larva infection occurred in 22 only out of 32 Canadian cattle which were imported in 1970. 3. 110 mature larvae at their third periods, which were detected from 25 cattle, have been identified as those of H. bovis. The average size of the larva is 22.98mm. in length and 11.83mm. in width. The question as to the acclimatifation of the Hypoderma spp. is likely to be settled through another investigation into occurrence of the larva in cattle for the year 1973 and also through breeding experiments of larva, pupa and adult. It is assumed, however, that they will find it hard to survive in such different climatic region as Korea.

韓牛의 第一胃 內에 捿息하는 纖毛蟲類 出現率의 季節的 變化에 관한 硏究

李宰求 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1975 農大論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Five hundred and eleven of Korean autochthonal cattle recognized as healthy ones have been selected and slaughtered as Jeonju Abattoir. And the following is the summarized results from the observation on the seasonal changes of the ciliated protozoa which inhabited in the rumen every other month for a year. 1. Having no connection with a seasonal environment, the pH of the content juice in the rumen showed above or below 6.5 on the average. 2. The presumed number of ciliates on the average per mℓ showed 1201000~2001000', displaying somewhat increased curving line changes in summer and fall. 3, Nine genera or sub-genera and twenty-eight species of ciliates were detected from the content juice in the lumen, those were, however, contained Epidinium sp., which impossible to identify. 4. Generally at the appearance rates of ciliates among genera or sub-genera, Dasytricha, Isotricha, Eudiplodimium and Epidinium rose their rates in summer-time, on the contrary,Entodinium slowed down and showed the curving line changes in winter as a conversal phenomenon. 5. E. simplex keeps the highest appearance rate of all species of ciliates, ranging from 30 to 70 percent of them all. The numeral changes from each season inclined to show the curving line tendency nearly in accordance with Entodinium

緬羊에서 檢出된 단포蟲과 包蟲病의 力學的 考察

李宰求 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1977 農大論文集 Vol.8 No.-

This paper consists of some experimental observations on the unilocular hydatid cysts detected in an imported Australian sheep(corriedale, female, 4 years old) being raised at the Unboung Sheep Breeding Station in 1972, and of epidemiological discussion of larbal echinococcosis observed in Korea. To summaze : 1.There were unilocular hydatid cysts(Echinoccus cysticus fertilis) found in the liver and lung of the sheep, both of which were of the cystic form 2. The incidence rates of bovine echinococcosis in Jeju Island were as high as 25 -80% in the years between 1936 and 1944, but recently have been found greatly decreased to 0.4%. The main reason for this decrease seems to be due to the great decrease of the number of wild dogs dwelling in the island, thus shortening the life cycle of Echinococcus. 3, Since 1972, the Unboung Station has imported 2,717 sheep from Australia, where echinococcosis is widely spread among human beings as well as herbivores. Furthermore. these imported Australian sheep graze freely among imported Australian shepherd dogs. Thus, there is great danger of the epidemic spread of echinococcosis among animals as well as human beings in Korea, where bovine echinococcosis has almost been exterminated,

전문대학 경영과 교과과정 개선방안에 관한 연구

이재구,남궁랑,함도훈,박주현,이종만 경복대학 1997 京福論叢 Vol.1 No.-

최근 대학교육은 교육시장의 개방으로 경쟁이 더욱 치열해 지고 있다. 이러한 경쟁에서 살아 남기 위해서는 보다 새로운 교과과정의 개편이 필요하며, 전문대학 경영과 또한 예외는 아니다. 본 연구에서는 본교 경영과의 교과과정 개선방안으로서 코스별 전공제 운영, 실무중심의 교육, 교과목의 수정 및 확충, 졸업자격제시행 등에 대한 방안을 제시하였다. 코스별 전공제 운영 방안에 대해 특히 심도있게 살펴보았으며, 이러한 개선방안에 대한 세부운영방안을 수립하고 빠른 시일내에 시행하여야 한다. Nowadays, college's education trend to compete more than before according to open of education market. On this tendency, it needs not only new reform of curriculum in order to survival, but also BA department's curriculum of in this study, the important program of our BA department. Suggest operation of course specialization system, practice oriented education, modification and enlargement of curriculum, graduation-requirements system, and other alternatives. Specially we studied hard about operation of course specialization system, we hard to establish the detail operation alternatives on the improvement program within few day and we must implement it.

소시지 및 魚團의 形態學籍 分析

李宰求,金壽明,崔善男 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1976 農大論文集 Vol.7 No.-

Eight kinds of sausage, six fish ball cans and a fish paste were collected from the market-places in1975 and the same frozen sections were prepared at -25℃, stained with coincident PAS, sudan H ,carbol·thionine and light-green. Number three fish ball can was stained also with hematoxylin-eosin by means of the paraffin section. The results of their morphological analysis were summarized as follows: 1. With the exception of fish paste, protein contents were generally at low level ; sausage 3.82~9.41 % and fish ball 2.72~8.97 %. 2. The fat contents depended on the kind of fish ball cans, ranging from 1.41 to 17.57 %. The sausage had tremendous fat contents. but the fish paste included no fat at all. 3. Sausage and fish ball contained the largest amount of carbohydrate : sausage, 55.36∼72.34 % ;fish ball, 58.13∼77.08 %; but the fish paste, only 23.84 %. 4. Generally a large quantity of air bubble was contained: from 12.08 to 21.14% 5. In general, intermixture of the three nutrients was not moderate. Number one, two, five, six and seven of sausage and number six of fish ball showed intermixture of the fat in muscles. In the other cases, muscles mainly consisted of protein. 6. In general, intermixture of spice was moderate except for the fish ball of number three. In case of number three fish ball and number six sausage, numerous fragments of cartila rod of the gill bar were found. 7. In number six fish ball, the microorganisms were observed around the degenerated protein, carbohydrate and air bubbles, even in fresh can. But when the sausase and the other fish ball cans were kept for four dars at 37℃, bacterial colony was formed largely around the degenerated carbohydrate, protein and air butbble. In the decomposed tissues with severe damages, the unstainedzones were in the vicinity of locus.

尿素 投與가 젖소의 第一胃內 纖毛蟲에 미치는 影響

李宰求,李相福 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1978 農大論文集 Vol.9 No.-

In order to investigate the effect of urea administration on rumen ciliates 13~15 months old six Holstein heifers weighing 260~310 kg(mean body weight, 296kg) were used. They were alloted to two experimental groups, four animals for urea feeding and the other two for the control of non urea feeding group. Rumen ciliates were observed for 58 days at 3 days interval and urea was fed for 20 days from 15th day of the experiment. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. The pH of the rumen juice was about 7.32 and the urea feeding did not affect it. 2. As the day of urea feeding progressed, the presumed number of rumen ciliates increased with curvilinear fashion from 167,670 to 444,440 per ㎖ of rumen juice. However, when the urea feeding was stopped it decreased rapidly and became normal. 3. Feeding urea did not affect the appearance rate of various genera or species of the rumen ciliates.

유압 하이브리드 구동 시스템의 축압기 용량 설계

이재구,김정현,김성동 한국공작기계학회 2001 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.-

An accumulator in hydraulic systems stores kinetic energy during braking action, and then that controls hasty surge pressure. An energy recovery system using accumulator seems to be advantageous for ERBS due to its high energy density. This study suggests a method to decide suitable accumulator volume for ERBS. The method is based upon energy conservation between kinetic energy of moving inertia and elastic energy of accumulator. The energy conversion was analyzed and a simple formula was derived. A series of computer simulation was done to verify effectiveness of the formula. The results of the simulation work were compared with those of experiments and these results show that the proposed design is effective for decision accumulator volume in ERBS.

幼犬에 있어서 上顎의 外傷에 의한 永久齒의 發育 障害에 關한 一例(豫報)

李宰求,任徹中,白秉杰 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1972 農大論文集 Vol.3 No.-

A clinical and radiographical observation has been made on developmental disturbance of permanent teeth due to trauma, which was contracted in six weeks after birth in a ten month old puppy. The following are some of the results gained through the observation : 1 . Respecting deciduous teeth, it has been noted that central incisors were exfoliated a week after the contraction of trauma, and that intermediate and lateral incisors were exfoliated one month earlier than were in the normal case. 2. Macroscopical findings are that none of the permailent incisors in the upper jaw are visible with the left canine tooth buried in the soft tissue encept only 3 mm. of it while the right one is almost normal in its development, and that alveolar ridge of the upper jaw is not completely formed with the upper jaw outstandingly underdeveloped. 3. Radiographical findings are that none of permanent central incisors are noticed whereas intermediate incisors remain corn-sized radiopague (?) of enamel material, and that the development of lateral incisors and canines are almost normal although their eruption is misdirected. Also it has been observed that alveolar ridge is not normally formed with the nasal septum deviated to the left, and that incisive bone has developmental disturbance.

韓國産 築犬의 연충류 感染率 調査 : 特히 公衆衛生學的인 觀点에서

李宰求,林秉武 全北大學校 1970 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

In an attempt to find helminths, the internal organs of 150 Korean autochthonal dogs, aging from 12 to 36 months, collected from Iri and its vicinity were examined by means of autopsy from December 1962 to March 1963. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Of 150 dogs inspected, 142(94.6%) were infected with helminths, of which 10 species were detected: 3 were of nematodes; 3, of cestodes; and 4, of trematodes. 2. Among the 10 species detected, 4 were known as zoonoses, 1 took human beings as its intermediate host, 2 in their larval state might be causative agents of human diseases, and only 3 were proper parasites of dogs. 3. In analyzing the state of infection, 34.6% of all the dogs inspected had a single infection, while the rest (excluding the 8 uninfected dogs) had mixed infections : 36%, 20%, 3.3% and 0.6% (of the 150 dogs) had double, triple, quadruple, and quintruple infections, respectively. 4. The infection rates of each species detected were; Dipylidium caninum, 60.0%; Ancylostoma caninum, 40.0%; Toxocara canis, 20.6%; Taenia pisiformis, 19.3%; Dirofilaria immitis, 17.1%; Clonorchis sinensis, 10.0%; Diphyllobothrium erinacei, 4.6%; Opithorchis felineus, 1.3%; Euparyphium melis, 0.6% and Euparyphium sp., 0.6%, respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that since the helminths in Korean autochthonal dogs cause not only various canine disorders, but also can be very harmful to human beings, they are considered to be of great significance to public health.