한국 도시생태환경 관리를 위한 비오톱 평가지표 개발

김영선 호남대학교 2014 국내박사

논 문 개 요 한국 도시생태환경 관리를 위한 비오톱 평가지표 개발 제 출 자 김영선 지도교수 오구균 본 연구에서는 한국의 도시생태환경 관리를 위한 포괄적 지도화 방법에 적용가능한 공통된 평가지표를 도출하였다. 이를 위해 국내·외에서 비오톱에 관한 기존문헌을 토대로 상위 비오톱 평가요인을 구분하고, 델파이기법을 통한 평가지표 도출, 의사결정나무(CHAID)방법을 통한 평가지표의 설명예측력을 분석하였다. 이 결과를 토대로 포괄적 지도화 방법에 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 상위 비오톱 평가요인은 생물적 요인, 무생물적 요인, 인간행태적 요인 등 3개 요인으로 구분하였다. 둘째, 델파이기법을 통해 도출한 비오톱의 평가지표는 생물적 요인에서 층위구조와 식생유형, 무생물적 요인에서 하천정비종류와 천이진행단계, 인간행태적 요인에서 산림훼손유형과 인공림 위치 등 총 6개 지표이었다. 또한 비오톱 평가지표의 가중치는 식생유형(0.980)이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 산림훼손유형(0.935), 층위구조(0.940), 하천정비종류(0.888), 인공림 위치(0.717), 천이진행단계(0.552) 순으로 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 의사결정나무(CHAID)방법을 통한 평가지표의 설명예측력 분석결과 비오톱 평가지표는 식생유형, 층위구조, 천이진행단계, 하천정비종류, 산림훼손유형 5가지 지표로 도출되었다. 하지만 5개 지표는 한국의 도시생태환경 관리를 위한 비오톱 평가지표로 적용하기엔 지표의 편중, 지표의 중복성, 용어의 혼용 등 대표성이 부족한 결과로 나타났다. 넷째, 한국의 도시생태환경 관리를 위한 포괄적 지도화 방법에 적용가능한 비오톱 평가지표는 자연성(헤메로비) 등급, 층위구조, 천이진행단계, 하천정비종류 4가지 지표로 도출되었다. Abstract Evaluation Index of Biotopes for Urban Environment Management in Korea Kim Young-Sun Directed by Prof. Oh, Koo-Kyoon Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Honam University, Gwangju, Korea Derived in this study are commonized evaluation indicators that are applicable to the comprehensive mapping method for the management of urban ecological environment in Korea. To this end, based on the existing domestic and overseas literature on biotope, the top-level biotope evaluation factors were identified and the descriptive predictability of evaluation indicators, which were derived through the Delphi technique and the decision tree(CHAID) method, was analyzed. Based on these results, the applicability to the comprehensive mapping method was discussed. The results of this study are as follows. First, the top-level biotope evaluation factors were divided into 3 factors: biological factors, abiological factors and human behavioral factors. Second, the biotope evaluation factors derived through the Delphi technique were comprised of a total of 6 indicators: layer structure in biological factors, type of vegetation in biological factors, type of river maintenance in abiological factors, transition phase in abiological factors, type of deforestation in human behavioral factors, and location of artificial forests in human behavioral factors. In addition, regarding the weighted values for the biotope evaluation indicators, the type of vegetation (0.980) was found to be the highest, followed by, in a descending order, the layer structure (0.940), type of river maintenance (0.888), location of artificial forests (0.717), and the transition phases (0.552). Third, as a result of analysis of the descriptive predictability of the evaluation indicators through the decision tree (CHAID) method, 5 biotope evaluation indicators were derived: type of vegetation, layer structure, transition phase, type of river maintenance and type of deforestation. However, the 5 indicators were found to be insufficient to be applied as biotope evaluation indicators for the management of urban ecological environment in Korea due to their biasness, redundancy, mixed use of the terms, etc. Fourth, the biotope evaluation indicators applicable to the comprehensive mapping method for the management of urban ecological environment in Korea were derived as 4 indicators: nature characteristic (hemeroby) level, layer structure, transition phase and type of river maintenance.

냉동만두류의 미생물학적 위해요소에 대한 노출평가 및 HACCP 모델개발

김영선 조선대학교 2011 국내박사

The purpose of this research is to offer scientific resources and activate HACCP application of frozen dumplings, to set critical control point/critical limit and develop education manual by conduct of hazrd factors and hazzrd analysis in the manufacturing process. To conduct of hazard factors of frozen dumplings had investigated references about manufacturing processes, raw materials, hazard factors of processes and HACCP model. To find the domestic hazardous factors and outbreak possibility, the diagrams of manufacturing processes and methods of 7 frozen dumplings manufacturers had been investigated in the fields, and other research papers and related literatures also had been surveyed. Sample preparation and analysis: Raw materials and sample contamination level of 238 manufacturing processes, surface contamination level of 70 manufacturing equipments, surface contamination level of 28 worker and aerial microbe of 74 work areas had been tested to find biological hazard factors, analyzed from 7 frozen dumplings manufacturers and for the verification of physical and chemical hazrd factors. Analyzed foodborne bacteria such as E. coli, E. coli O157:H7, B cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp, and L. monocytogenes as well as total counts, yeast and mold, and coliform. Also, microbial analysis was compared between HACCP applied complany and non-HACCP applied company. As a results, total count and coliforms were decreased after steaming process. Toal counts and coliforms from raw materials were not decreased by washing process. The metal detection process was determined as CCPs. The CCP and critical limits for frozen dumplings were provide by evaluation the experimental results and literatures and then the HACCP plan was prepared. 5 Staphylococcus aureus, 5 Bacillus cereus, 2 E. coli and 2 Salmonella ssp. had been found in before steam process and this results were offered as the managerial sources of cross-contamination. Applying the test results and research data, conduct of hazard factors in the manufacturing process and evaluation of outbreak possibilities could be performed to develop HACCP models, so that it can be applied to more scientific and reliable certification process of HACCP and after-management. Also, hazard factors can be different because of the equipments and health control levels of each manufactururs. Data of this research could be cited with through self-verification. It is more easily than the current conduct of hazard factors and hazard analysis to reference the results from this research.

한라산 구상나무림의 임상변화와 직경생장 특성에 대한 고찰

金永善 국민대학교 1996 국내석사

산뽕나무에서 분리한 2,5'-dihydroxy-4,3'-di(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-trans-stilbene의 생리활성 평가

김영선 강원대학교 2006 국내박사

생체내에 존재하는 활성산소와 관련된 자유라디칼은 노화, 염증, 동맥경화, 혈관질환 및 암 등과 같은 여러 가지 질병들과 관련되어 있다. 자연계에 존재하는 많은 천연물로부터 활성산소 장해를 방해하는 항산화 물질 등과 같은 생리활성 물질이 질병에 대한 치료제로서의 가능성과 연계되어 많은 주목을 받고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 산뽕나무(Morus bombycis Koidzumi) 추출물을 대상으로 항산화 활성이 있는 화합물을 단리하였고 약리작용으로 간 기능에 미치는 영향 및 항당뇨 작용 등 다각적인 생리활성을 탐색하였다. 산뽕나무의 생리활성 기능을 탐색하기 위하여 부위별로 각종 추출물을 조제하여 분석한 결과 80% 메탄올 뿌리 추출물에서 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. UVB 및 UVA 영역에서의 자외선 차단효과에서는 80% 에탄올 뿌리 추출물과 80% 메탄올 뿌리 추출물에서 자외선 흡수력이 높게 측정되었다. 항산화 효과 및 자외선 차단효능이 탁월한 산뽕나무 뿌리 추출물을 ESR spectrometer로 superoxide radical 소거 활성을 측정한 결과 뿌리 물 추출물에서 가장 높았다. 100 mg/kg body의 물 추출물을 투여한 군은 사염화탄소군보다 유의적인 간보호 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 뿌리 물 추출물은 FeCl2-ascorbic acid에 의해 유도된 쥐 간균질물의 과산화지질에 대한 억제작용을 나타냈다. 항산화 활성이 높은 산뽕나무 80% 메탄올 뿌리 추출물에서 분리, 동정하여 2,5'-dihydroxy-4,3'-di(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-trans-stilbene (DGTS)인 화합물을 밝혀냈다. ESR에 의한 superoxide radical의 소거활성을 측정한 결과 소거활성이 높게 나타났고 과산화지질의 억제작용도 높았다. 이 stilbene 화합물로 사염화탄소에 의한 간보호 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아본 결과 DGTS 투여군이 사염화탄소군보다 AST, ALT량이 유의적인 감소를 나타냈고 400~600 mg/kg body양으로 투여하였을 때 silymarin 100 mg/kg body 투여군과 비슷한 효과를 나타내었다. 사염화탄소에 의한 간손상 회복은 조직학적 관찰에서도 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 DGTS의 항당뇨에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 결과 높은 α-amylase 저해활성을 나타내었고 STZ로 처리한 β세포인 HIT-T15에 대한 보호작용을 나타내었다. In vivo에서 STZ로 유도된 당뇨쥐에서 DGTS의 항당뇨 작용을 알아본 결과 DGTS 투여군의 혈청 AST, ALT, BUN, 과산화지질의 함량이 STZ군보다 유의적인 감소를 나타내었고 insulin함량은 유의적인 증가를 나타내었다. 췌장의 조직학적 관찰에서 보면 STZ군에서 췌장 β-cell이 많이 손상된 것을 알 수 있는 반면에 DGTS투여군에서는 β-cell이 많이 회복된 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. RT-PCR로 CYP2E1과 TNF-α의 발현량을 알아본 결과 STZ군에서 제일 강하게 발현되는 반면에 DGTS투여군에서는 STZ군보다 약하게 발현되였다. stilbene 화합물인 DGTS에 대한 생리활성연구를 통하여 간기능보호제, α-amylase 저해제와 항당뇨제로의 개발이 가능할 것으로 생각된다. Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species, from both endogenous and exogenous sources, are implicated in the etiology of several degenerative diseases, such as coronary artery diseases, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and cancer. Studies proved dietary intake of antioxidant compounds will reduce oxidative damage resulted from these free radicals. Synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), have restricted use in foods as these synthetic antioxidants are suspected to produce side effects. Therefore, the search for natural antioxidants, especially of plant origin, has greatly increased in recent years. Morus bombycis Koidzumi is widely distributed in Asia and is used in traditional medicine on account of its apparent anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, and antioxidant effects, and its lowering of blood hyperlipemia. However, its mode of action is obscure. The present study was carried out for the purpose of developing antioxidant from Morus bombycis Koidzumi. When antioxidant activities were examined by measuring the radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical, the 80% methanol extract from the root of Morus bombycis Koidzumi showed strong antioxidant activity. While, aqueous extracts from the root of M. bombycis Koidzumi had higher superoxide radical scavenging activity than other types of extracts. The aqueous extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg showed significant hepatoprotective activity when compared with that of a standard agent. The biochemical results were confirmed by histological observations indicating that M. bombycis Koidzumi extract together with CCl₄ treatment decreased ballooning degeneration. Also, the water extract recovered the CCl₄-induced liver injury and showed antioxidant effects in assays of FeCl₂–ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation in rats. We have identified 2,5'-dihydroxy-4,3'-di(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-trans-stilbene(DGTS) as the active factor from Morus bombycis Koidzumi and investigated the protective effect of the purified compound against CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity in rats and the mechanism underlying the protective effects. The DGTS displayed dose-dependent superoxide radical scavenging activity(IC50=430.2 μg/mL), as assayed by the electron spin resonance(ESR) spin-trapping technique. The increase in aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) activities in serum associated with carbon tetrachloride(CCl₄)-induced liver injury was also inhibited by DGTS. The DGTS at a dose of 400~600 mg/kg had hepatoprotective activity comparable to the standard agent, silymarin. The biochemical assays were confirmed by histological observations showing that the DGTS decreased cell ballooning in response to CCl4 treatment. We also investigated DGTS effects on STZ-induced diabetes in rats. DGTS inhibited the increases in aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) in the serum associated with STZ-induced diabetes. At doses of 200~800 mg/kg, DGTS had antidiabetic activity comparable to the standard agent, tolbutamide. The biochemical assays were confirmed by histological observations showing that DGTS prevented atrophy of β-cells and vascular degenerative changes in the islets. DGTS reversed STZ-induced diabetes and had an antioxidant action in assays of lipid peroxidation in serum. Levels of cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1) and TNF-α mRNA, as measured by RT-PCR, were lower in the livers of DGTS-treated rats than those of the control group. These results demonstrate that DGTS is an antidiabetic with a protective action against STZ-induced diabetes.

GPS를 이용한 세부측량의 정밀도 분석

김영선 조선대학교 1996 국내석사

As a satelite positioning system, GPS is designed to provide the information on three dementional position, velocity, and time all over the world. Nowadays the use of GPS is highly admird in view of precision and economy, inside and outside the country. This study aimes to indicate a technique for practical using of GPS surveying to decide cadastral control points GPS surveying is carried out at cadastral points and supplementary control points. This paper includes uses of GPS in managing regional resource and controlling activities within large areas. GIS which is a computer based geographically oriented data base that helps manage resources on both regional and local levels. GPS ofen plays a key role in providing ground control for the base mapping. GPS can also be used- to update GIS information and enter new information in the file. I suggested potentiality of updating GIS information using GPS carrier phase by comparing result of point positioning, cadastral surveying, differential positioning, and combinations of methods.

방문간호 노인의 성격강점과 우울 간의 관계

김영선 한국방송통신대학교 대학원 2016 국내석사

This is a descriptive study to analyze the character strengths of the elderly receiving home nursing care and verify the relation between the character strengths and depression in order to build basic data that can be utilized to develop a customized approach, from a positive psychology perspective of, to preventing and treating geriatric depression based on character strengths. The study surveyed 187 people aged 65 or older living in K-gu in Seoul who were receiving home nursing care services. The data were collected from January to March, 2016 . To assess character strengths, the study used 48 questions of a self-report test that was first introduced in Character Strengths & Virtues by Peterson and Seligman (2004) and then adapted and simplified by Moon Yong-lin, Kim In-ja, Won Hyung-joo, Baik Soo-hyun, and An Sun-young (2009). To measure depression, the study used 30 questions suggested by Lee Ae-kyung and Lee Geum-mae (2006) who recomposed the Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean Version (GDS-K) by breaking down each category covered in the scale into 7 sub-categories (Jung In-kwa et al., 1996). The data were analyzed using the SPSS/PC WIN 22.0 Program. The general characteristics of the subjects were analyzed with descriptive statistics (frequencies & percentages) and the character strengths and depressive symptoms were analyzed with means and standard deviations. The differences in character strengths and depressive symptoms according to general characteristics were analyzed with t-test and ANOVA test and the relation between the character strengths and depressive symptoms were analyzed with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The main findings are as follows. Of the subjects, 66.3% were female and those in their 70s were the biggest age group, 56.3%. 32.7% were uneducated and 42.0% had a middle school diploma. 53.5% were living alone, 63.1% were perceived to have low economic status, and 46.5% said their monthly income was below 500,000 won. When it comes to health insurance, 56.1% were type-1 or type-2 medical beneficiaries or belonged to the near poor, while the rest 43.9% had regular health insurance. 40.1% had poor health. When we looked at the distribution of the subjects’ character strengths, the Courage group was the largest at 40.1%, with the Temperance group and the Humanity group standing at 26.7% and 15.5%, respectively. As for the depressive symptoms, 47.6% of the subjects were in the normal range, while 25.1%, 10.7%, and 16.6% were suffering mild depression, moderate depression and severe depression, respectively. While examining the differences in the subjects’ total scores for character strengths according to their general characteristics, the study found out those living with family and those with high economic status and good health showed significantly high scores. To be specific, those with a high level of education and high economic status and those who live with family and participate in social activities showed significantly high scores in “Wisdom and Knowledge,” while men and those with high economic status showed significantly high scores in “Courage.” As for “Humanity,” women, those with religion, those living with family, those with high economic status, those participating in social activities, and those with good health recorded significantly high scores. Those with religion showed significantly high scores in “Justice” and those in their 60s, those living with family, and those on high incomes recorded significantly high scores in “Temperance.” Those who had a job and those on high incomes scored significantly high in “Transcendence.” When the study looked at the differences in the subjects’ depressive symptoms according to their general characteristics. Women, those with low economic status, those not participating in social activities, and those with poor health showed significantly high levels of depression. As for the differences in the subjects’ depressive symptoms according to their character strengths, the “Temperance” group showed a significantly higher level of depression than the “Humanity” group and the “Courage” group. The character strengths and depressive symptoms among the elderly turned out to have a negative correlation. The higher their character strengths were, the less depressive symptoms they showed. Broken down into specific categories, the negative correlation was strongest in “Wisdom and Knowledge,” going down to “Courage,” to “Humanity,” to “Justice,” and to “Transcendence.” “Temperance” didn’t show a correlation with the total score of depressive symptoms but had negative correlations with the sub-categories “unhappiness” and “lack of desire.” “Wisdom and Knowledge” showed strong correlations with the sub-categories “loss of interest,” “unhappiness,” “cognitive inefficiency,” “central depressive symptoms,” “anxiety,” “social withdrawal,” and “lack of desire.” The study is meaningful in that it examined the character strengths and depressive symptoms of the elderly receiving home nursing care, classified the character strengths into 6 groups, and analyzed their relations to depressive symptoms. Thus, the study is likely to contribute to the prevention of geriatric depression and the development of early intervention by providing base data for customized psychiatric nursing that utilizes the specific character strengths of the elderly in each community. Keywords : Character strengths, Geriatric depression, Home nursing care 본 연구는 방문간호 노인의 성격강점 특성을 분석하고 우울 간의 관계를 검증하여 긍정심리의 관점에서 성격강점을 활용한 맞춤형 노인 우울의 예방과 치료적 접근방안의 기초자료를 마련하고자 수행된 서술적 조사연구이다. 이를 위해 서울특별시 K구에 거주하고 있는 65세 이상의 방문간호를 받는 노인 187명을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였으며, 자료수집은 2016년 1월부터 2016년 3월까지 수행되었다. 연구도구로 성격강점은 Peterson과 Seligman (2004)의 긍정심리학의 입장에서 본 성격강점과 덕목의 분류(Character Strengths & Virtues)를 문용린, 김인자, 원형주, 백수현, 안선영(2009)이 번안하고 축소화한 자기 보고형 검사 48문항, 우울은 한국판 노인 우울척도(Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean Version; GDS-K)를 요인별로 7개의 하부요인으로 분류하여(정인과 등, 1997) 이애경과 이근매(2006)가 재구성한 30문항을 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS/PC WIN 22.0 Program을 이용하여 연구대상자의 일반적 특성은 빈도와 백분율, 성격강점 및 우울수준은 평균과 표준편차, 일반적 특성에 따른 성격강점, 우울의 차이는 t-test와 ANOVA test로 분석하였으며, 연구대상자의 성격강점, 우울 간의 관계는 Pearsonʼs correlation coefficient를 이용하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 노인대상자 중 여자가 66.3%이었고, 연령은 70대가 56.3%로 가장 많았다. 교육수준은 무학자가 32.7%이며, 중학교 졸업 이상이 42.0%였다. 독거노인은 53.5%, 지각된 경제 수준이 어려운 노인은 63.1%, 1인당 월평균 소득 50만원 미만이 46.5%로 나타났다. 건강보험 형태에서 의료급여 1, 2종과 차상위가 56.1%였고, 일반건강보험은 43.9%였으며, 건강상태가 좋지 않은 노인이 40.1%로 조사되었다. 노인의 성격강점과 우울의 분포에서 용기 그룹이 40.1%로 가장 많았고, 절제 그룹이 26.7%, 인간애 그룹이 15.5%로 나타났다. 노인의 우울 분포는 정상수준이 47.6%, 경도 우울이 25.1%, 중등도 우울이 10.7%, 매우 심한 우울이 16.6%로 나타났다. 노인의 일반적 특성에 따른 성격강점 총점의 차이는 동거가족이 있는 노인, 경제수준과 건강상태가 양호한 노인이 성격강점 수준에서 유의하게 높게 나타났다. ‘지혜 및 지식’은 교육수준과 경제수준이 높은 노인, 동거가족이 있으며, 사회활동에 참여하는 노인에서 유의하게 높았으며, ‘용기’는 남성, 경제수준이 높은 노인이 유의하게 높았다. ‘인간애’는 여성, 종교가 있는 노인, 동거가족이 있는 노인, 경제수준이 높은 노인, 사회활동에 참여하는 노인, 건강이 좋은 노인에서 유의하게 높았다. ‘정의’는 종교가 있는 노인에서 유의하게 높았으며, ‘절제’는 60대와 동거가족이 있는 노인, 소득수준이 높은 노인에서 유의하게 높았고, ‘초월성’은 직업이 있는 노인, 소득수준이 높은 노인에서 유의하게 높았다. 노인의 일반적 특성에 따른 우울의 차이는 여성, 경제수준이 어려운 노인, 사회활동에 참여하지 않은 노인, 건강상태가 좋지 않은 노인에서 우울 수준이 유의하게 높았다. 노인의 성격강점에 따른 우울은 ‘절제’ 그룹이 ‘인간애’ 그룹과 ‘용기’ 그룹보다 우울 정도가 유의하게 높았다. 노인의 성격강점과 우울 간의 상관관계에서는 유의한 부적 상관성을 보여 성격강점이 높을수록 우울이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 성격강점 영역별로는 ‘지혜 및 지식’, ‘용기’, ‘인간애’, ‘정의’, ‘초월성’ 순으로 부적상관을 보였고, ‘절제’는 우울 총점과 상관성은 없었으나 우울 하부영역 중 ‘불행감’, ‘의욕부진’과 부적 상관을 보였다. ‘지혜 및 지식’은 ‘흥미 상실’, ‘불행감’, ‘인지적 비효율성’, ‘중심적 우울 증상’, ‘ 초조감’, ‘사회적 철수 경향’, ‘의욕부진’의 우울 하부영역과 높은 상관을 보였다. 본 연구는 방문간호노인의 성격강점과 우울의 특성을 파악하고, 이들의 성격강점을 6가지의 성격강점그룹으로 분류하여 우울 간의 관계를 분석한 측면에서 의의가 있다. 이에 따라 지역사회 노인대상자의 각 성격강점을 발휘할 수 있는 맞춤형 정신건강간호를 위한 기초자료를 제공함으로써 노인 우울의 예방과 조기 중재개발에 기여할 수 있을 것이다. 키워드 : 성격강점, 노인우울, 방문간호

긍정적 언어 사용 프로그램이 중학생의 자아개념에 미치는 영향

김영선 창원대학교 2009 국내석사

This study is designed to examine the effects of Positive Language Use Program on the development of middle school students' self-conception. It has been found that the negative language use of middle school students arouses corresponding sentiments in them. Since psychological troubles such as low self-esteem, low academic motivation, interpersonal conflicts can be led to more serious personal and interpersonal problems, it is imperative that students be helped build self-esteem and confidence by encouraging them to use positive language use in everyday life. The participants include a group of 20 students in the control group and another 20 in the target group. The Positive Language Use Program was executed for the target group while no treatment was given for the former group. The Positive Language Use Program was slightly revised to be suitable for the participants' age and cognitive levels. The program was executed a total of 10 times throughout the study. The measurements used in this study were the ones that were originally devised by Song (1983), and later re-modulated in order to study the development of teens' self-conception (Lim, 1987, Han, 1992, Song, 2002). SPSS 17.0 and two-way ANOVA were used to attain differences in the pre-test and after-test results between the two groups. The results are as follows: first, before the experiments, there were little significant differences in the level of self-conception between the control and target groups. However, it is found that after the execution of the program, the overall scores of the target group were higher than those of the control group. Second, while there were significant differences in a sense of self-accomplishment and academic motivation between the two groups after the experiments, there were little differences in their general interpersonal relations including family, peers and teachers, and their confidence in physical abilities. This study is limited in that the period of the experiment, a total of 10 rounds, was rather short to find out any significant implications of the effectiveness of the program on middle school students. However, it has contributed to the field of study in that it is one of the pioneering studies of this kind; during the experiments, the general classroom atmosphere and the students' attitude toward class showed positive improvements; the results have a great deal of pedagogical implications for instructing middle school students.

지역사회 시니어클럽 사업의 노인참여 실태에 따른 만족도에 관한 연구 : 청주시 중심으로

김영선 청주대학교 사회복지 행정대학원 2009 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to examine characteristics of the elderly participants who joined community senior clubs and to investigate the elderly's participating performance, attitudes and satisfactions and to find out implications for operations of effective operations of the senior clubs. The study suggests bases for not only establishment of the senior clubs but also promotion of the clubs' programs. The subjects were the elderly who joined programs of community senior clubs at Cheongju-si. 170 elderly were selected by sampling, and questionnaires of 152 elderly were finally used after excluding questionnaires of 18 elderly who did not give answers. The self-administered questionnaire that the author made correction and supplemented to meet purposes of the study was used. SPSS for Windows was used. Frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan post-hoc, etc were used. The findings were as follow: Firstly, the elderly who joined community senior club programs had characteristics: Elderly women joined the programs more than elderly men did. The number of the elderly who were 65 years old to less than 74 years old to have middle class educational background was the largest. The elderly largely had good health. Secondly, the elderly participants joined the programs mainly through friends' introduction, media and promotions, etc to make pocket money and earn living expenses. Thirdly, the elderly participants had significant difference of participation period, number of participating, and participating time, etc. Fourthly, the elderly participants thought of fruitful life while joining the programs, and they expected of regular jobs, higher income and development of various kinds of jobs in order from senior clubs. Fifthly, the elderly participants were satisfied with confidence on their own abilities, participating programs, relations with fellow workers, services, education on participating programs, regular living life, services for the community, viability of life through working, overall atmosphere of senior clubs, counselling and relations with staffs and job allowance, etc in order. The findings suggest promotion of community senior clubs: Firstly, jobs being suitable to purposes of the clubs shall be developed as many as possible, and the governments shall actively support social job creation. Secondly, legal and systematic basis shall be prepared to promote the clubs' programs in stable way so that operating organizations shall be given actual training opportunities to put various kinds of programs into practice by allocating more budget and to let the elderly do economic activities and join the society. Thirdly, various kinds of supporting systems in community shall be linked each other to promote the clubs' programs. In other words, the senior clubs shall cooperate with local governments well to have active connections with senior welfare organizations, senior welfare centers and self-support project organizations, etc in community. Fourthly, the clubs' programs shall do publicity activities actively to make change of understanding of the elderly's joining in the society in affirmative way. The elderly themselves, family, neighbors, and the society shall be given publicity activities and education in accordance with changes of understanding. 본 연구는 지역사회 시니어클럽 사업 참여 노인을 대상으로 지역사회 시니어클럽 노인 참여자들의 특성을 알아보고, 지역사회 시니어클럽 노인 참여자들의 참여 실태를 분석하고, 지역사회 시니어클럽 노인 참여자들의 참여태도 및 만족도를 분석함으로써 지역사회 시니어클럽의 효율적인 운영을 위한 함의를 도출하여 지역사회 시니어클럽 정착화와 더불어 지역사회 시니어클럽 사업의 활성화를 위한 초석으로써 지역사회 노인복지의 패러다임의 변화와 발전에 기초자료를 제시하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 본 연구는 청주시 지역 소재의 지역사회 시니어클럽에서 실시하는 사업에 참여하는 어르신을 대상으로 모집단을 설정한 후 170명을 표집 하였으며, 무응답한 자료 18명을 제외하고 최종적으로 본 연구는 152명을 표본조사 대상으로 삼았다. 조사도구는 자기기입식 설문지법을 사용하였으며 조사도구는 기존의 도구를 연구자가 연구의 목적에 부합하도록 수정·보완 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 통계분석을 사용하여 빈도, 백분율, t-검증, 일원변량분석(ANOVA) 및 Duncan의 사후검증의 방법을 사용하여 통계처리한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 참여자의 일반적인 특성에서 성별은 여성이 남성보다 더 많이 참여하고 있었고, 연령은 65~74세 미만의 중간급 학력자가 많았고, 건강상태는 보통이상으로 대체로 양호한 편이었다. 둘째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 참여자의 참여경로는 친구들의 소개와 언론매체나 홍보물을 통해서 참여하게 된 경우가 많았고, 참여 동기는 용돈을 마련하기 위해서와 생활비를 벌기 위해서가 많게 나타났다. 셋째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 참여자의 참여기간·참여횟수·참여시간·소득 정도를 살펴본 결과 참여기간·참여횟수·참여시간에서 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 넷째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 참여태도 중 참여를 통한 좋은 점은 일을 한다는 보람이 가장 많게 나타났고, 시니어클럽에 바라는 점은 정규적인 일자리 창출과 소득 향상, 다양한 분야로 일자리 개발 등으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 참여자의 만족도는 자신의 능력에 대한 신뢰감 만족, 참여 사업에 대한 만족, 동료와의 관계 만족, 근무에 대한 만족, 참여 사업에 대한 교육의 만족, 규칙적인 생활에 대한 만족, 지역사회 봉사에 대한 만족, 일을 통한 생활의 활력, 시니어클럽 전반적인 분위기에 대한 만족, 직원과의 상담 및 관계, 일의 대가로 주어지는 수입의 순으로 나타났다. 그리고 본 연구결과를 토대로 지역사회 시니어클럽 참여 실태에 관한 조사 분석을 기초로 지역사회 시니어클럽의 활성화 방안을 제언하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 사업의 취지에 맞는 적합한 일자리를 많이 개발해야 하며 정부에서는 사회적 일자리 창출에 대한 적극적인 지원이 있어야 할 것이다. 둘째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 사업의 안정적인 추진을 위해서는 법적·제도적인 근거를 마련하여야 하고 운영기관에 실질적인 교육기회의 제공과 예산 지원을 늘려서 다양한 사업을 진행하게 함으로써 노인의 경제활동과 사회 참여에 실질적인 방안이 되도록 해야 할 것이다. 셋째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 사업을 활성화하기 위해서는 다양한 지역사회내의 지원체계와의 연계가 필요하다. 즉, 지방자치단체 행정기관과의 협조가 원활해야 하고 지역사회 노인복지기관 및 노인복지시설이나 자활사업관련 기관들과의 연계가 활발하게 이루어져야 할 것이다. 넷째, 지역사회 시니어클럽 사업에 대한 적극적인 홍보와 더불어 노인의 사회 참여에 대한 긍정적인 인식 전환이 필요하다. 노인 스스로는 물론이고 가족, 이웃 나아가서는 사회 전체에 걸친 인식 전환에 따른 홍보와 교육이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

청·시각적 전달을 활용한 작업기억 훈련이 지적장애 아동의 단어인출에 미치는 영향

김영선 대구대학교 2013 국내석사

본 연구는 청·시각적 전달을 활용한 작업기억 훈련이 지적장애 아동의 단어인출에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 OO장애전담 어린이집 만 6∼7세인 지적장애 아동 3명을 대상으로 하여 작업기억 훈련 중재를 실시 하였다. 이러한 중재 효과를 지적장애 아동의 단어인출에 미치는 영향, 즉 대면이름대기, 생성이름대기, 문장을 듣고 반응하는 낱말찾기(word finding)의 능력 향상에 미치는 영향을 사전검사와 사후검사를 통해서 확인 하였다. 작업기억 훈련 중재 프로그램은 총 3단계로 단계 1 청·시각적 언어기억하기, 단계 2 청각적 언어기억하기, 단계 3 범주화로 총 3단계로 구성하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청·시각적 전달을 활용한 작업기억 훈련이 지적장애 아동의 단어인출 능력이 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 1. 청·시각적 전달을 활용한 작업기억 훈련이 지적장애 아동의 대면이름대기 수행 능력이 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 2. 청·시각적 전달을 활용한 작업기억 훈련이 지적장애 아동의 생성이름대기 수행 능력이 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 3. 청·시각적 전달을 활용한 작업기억 훈련이 지적장애 아동의 문장을 듣고 반응하는 낱말찾기(word finding) 수행 능력이 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과로, 청·시각적 전달을 활용한 작업기억 훈련 중재를 통하여 단어인출 능력이 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤음을 알 수 있다. This study aims to examine the effects of working memory training in utilization of audio-visual communication on word retrieval of children with intellectual disability. To this end, an intervention of working memory training was conducted among the three 6 to 7 year old children with intellectual disability at OO nursery school dedicated for children with disability. The effects of this intervention on word retrieval of children with intellectual disability, more specifically, on the ability of confrontation naming, generative naming, and word finding after listening to a sentence, were examined in the pre-test and post-test. The working memory training program consists of the three steps: 1) audio-visual language memorizing; 2) audio language memorizing; 3) categorization. The findings of this study are as follows: First, it turned out that the working memory training in utilization of audio-visual communication improved the word retrieval ability of children with intellectual disability. 1. It turned out that the working memory training in utilization of audio-visual communication improved the confrontation naming ability of children with intellectual disability. 2. It turned out that the working memory training in utilization of audio-visual communication improved the generative naming ability of children with intellectual disability. 3. It turned out that the working memory training in utilization of audio-visual communication improved the word finding ability after listening to a sentence of children with intellectual disability. The findings above prove that the intervention of working memory training in utilization of audio-visual communication has positive effects on the improvement of word retrieval abilities.

여자대학생의 생리주기에 따른 신체둘레 변화

김영선 가톨릭관동대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to identify the change in the girth of anthropometric variables during menstrual cycle, and to provide basal data for health promotion program development during pre-menstrual phase and menstrual phase. Participants were 10 healthy women university students without menstrual irregularity, subjective premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, dymenorrhea, obstetrician and gynecologic disease. Chest girth(axillary and papillary), waist girth(half point between iliac crest and 12th rib, and navel), and hip girth were repeatedly measured in menstrual phase, follicular phase, luteal phase during single menstrual cycle. As a result, axillary chest girth in menstrual phase was significantly increased than that in luteal phase. Papillary chest girth and waist girth at half point between iliac crest and 12th rib in menstrual phase were significantly increased than those in follicular phase. No significance was shown in chest and waist girth between follicular and luteal phase. No significance was shown in hip girth during menstrual cycle. In conclusion, signicant difference was shown in chest and waist girth during menstrual cycle. And it is suggested that succeeding research should be carried out with reference to body weight, body fat, blood and local hormone concentration during menstrual cycle.