사용성 평가의 심미적 결과 보완을 위한 Visual Pointing 디자인 평가 적용 연구

김별 전북대학교 일반대학원 2022 국내석사

푸드트럭 외관 디자인에 대한 소비자 평가 차이 분석

손숭 전북대학교 대학원 2025 국내석사

Various types of food trucks have emerged with the changes of the times, and in the new consumption era when experience is more important, food trucks that function as single sales have become difficult to meet the needs of new consumers. It can be said that operating food trucks to meet the needs of consumers is more effective in attracting consumers. When the service of a food truck matches the needs of consumers, it can not only effectively improve the purchasing effect of consumers but also promote further development of the food truck industry. Currently, most of the interest in food trucks is focused only on operation and management, so a comprehensive analysis is needed from a design point of view. This study reclassified food trucks on the market from a design point of view in order to analyze the evaluation difference between various food truck exterior types. The research content and method are composed of three parts. First, it corresponds to a preliminary study, and based on the morphological standard, it was divided into a traditional type and an innovative type, and a consumption attitude standard, it was divided into a practical type and a pleasure type. The food truck was classified into 4 types: entertainment experience type, regional type, fast food type, and urban type by conducting a survey on the food truck images collected on two criteria. For each type, the stimulus selected two images that can most represent the type. Secondly, the relevant evaluation factors of food trucks were extracted through literature. Using the data collected by the questionnaire survey, the exploratory factor analysis method was used to screen out twelve effective evaluation factors. Finally, it was classified into three upper factors (creative factors, practical experience factors, and emotional factors). Third, by surveying users who have used the dining cars, a one-way ANOVA was conducted based on the collected data. Three differences were identified in the results of the experiment. (1) in the thematic factor evaluation, there were differences between the regional type, the fast food type, and the urban type. According to the results, the average importance score of thematic elements for regional type food trucks is relatively higher than that of fast food type and urban type food trucks. (2) in the attractiveness factor evaluation, there were differences between the fast food type, the regional type, and the entertainment experience type. According to the results, the average importance score of attractiveness elements for fast food type food trucks is relatively lower than that of regional type and entertainment experience type food trucks. (3) in the friendliness factor evaluation, there was a difference between the regional food truck and the urban type. According to the results, the average importance score of intimacy factors for regional type food trucks is relatively higher than that of urban type food trucks. This study indicates that a systematic analysis of food truck types and their related evaluation elements from a design perspective helps to better understand consumer preferences and provides a reference for the future design and development of food trucks. 随着时代的变迁,各种类型的餐车不断涌现。在当下体验优先于单纯消费的新消费时代中,仅具备单一售卖功能的传统餐车已难以满足新兴消费者的需求。可以说,经营餐车以契合消费者的需求,能更有效地吸引消费者。当餐车的服务与消费者的需求相匹配时,不仅能有效提升消费者的购买效果,也能推动餐车行业的进一步发展。 目前,大多数关于餐车的关注仍集中在运营与管理方面,因此有必要从设计的角度进行全面分析。本研究即从设计视角重新对市场上的餐车进行分类,旨在分析不同餐车外观类型的评价差异。研究内容和方法分为三个部分: 第一部分为事前研究。研究首先基于形态标准将餐车分为传统型与创新型,基于消费态度标准将其分为实用型与享乐型。通过对收集到的餐车图像进行问卷调查,最终将餐车划分为四种类型:娱乐体验型、地区型、快餐型和城市型。每种类型中选取两张最具代表性的图像作为实验刺激物。 第二部分通过文献研究提取出与餐车相关的评价要素,并通过问卷调查收集数据,运用探索性因子分析方法筛选出十二个有效要素。最终,这些要素被归纳为三个上位要因:创意性要因、实用体验性要因和情感性要因。 第三部分通过对有餐车使用经历的用户进行问卷调查,并基于所收集的数据进行了单因素方差分析,实验结果识别出三个显著差异:第一,在主题性要素评价中,地区型与快餐型、城市型之间存在显著差异。结果显示,地区型在主题性要素的平均重要性评分上高于快餐型和城市型。第二,在魅力要素评价中,快餐型与地区型、娱乐体验型之间存在差异。结果表明,快餐型在魅力要素的平均重要性评分上低于地区型和娱乐体验型。第三,在亲近性要素评价中,地区型与都市型之间存在差异。结果显示,地区型在亲近性要素的平均重要性评分上高于城市型。 这项研究表明,从设计角度出发,对餐车类型及其相关评价要素的系统分析有助于更好地理解消费者偏好,并为未来餐车的设计与发展提供参考依据。

도시공원에 대한 평가 차이에 관한 연구 : 비만인과 일반인을 대상으로

장진카이 전북대학교 대학원 2025 국내석사

This study aims to compare the differences in experience evaluation between obese people and the general population on seven types of spaces in urban parks, namely, exercise space, mobile space, water space, communication space, rest space, cultural space, and green space, and to explore the factors that affect the differences in experience evaluation in terms of space use in urban parks. By investigating the opinions and suggestions of obese people and general people in urban parks, this study revealed that there were significant differences in 9 of the 13 evaluation factors. As urban parks gradually become the main exercise venues for urban residents, it is becoming increasingly important to pay attention to the experience and needs of obese people in urban parks. First, based on previous research, urban parks were identified as research sites. Based on functionality, urban parks were divided into seven types of spaces: sports space, road space, water space, communication space, rest space, cultural space, and green space. As obesity has become increasingly serious and has become an important factor affecting the health of urban residents, obese people and ordinary people were identified as research subjects. Through literature review and factor analysis, 13 evaluation factors of the social, experiential, and structural forms of urban parks were sorted out: sociality, interactivity, inclusiveness, sense of exclusion, openness, connectivity, shelter, attention, rationality, immersion, fun, aesthetics, and restoration. Second, a questionnaire survey was conducted, data was collected and an experimental analysis was conducted. The experiment showed that there were differences between obese people and the general population in seven types of urban park spaces, including sports space, road space, water space, communication space, rest space, cultural space, and green space. The research results showed that (1) there were significant differences in inclusiveness, exclusion, connectivity, and attention in sports space. (2) there were significant differences in rationality and aesthetics in mobile space. (3) there were significant differences in exclusion in water space. (4) there were significant differences in connectivity, immersion, and fun in communication space. (5) there were significant differences in attention and fun in rest space. (6) there were significant differences in rationality and fun in cultural space. (7) there were significant differences in sociality in green space. Third, these research results show that the main reason for the difference in spatial experience of urban parks between obese people and ordinary people is personal attributes and deficiencies in spatial design. Therefore, it is proposed that in the design and operation of urban parks, spatial planning with different user characteristics should be considered, and specific opinions and suggestions should be put forward for the design and planning of future urban parks to promote the sustainable development of urban parks. 本研究旨在比較肥胖人群和一般人群對城市公園中的運動空間、移動空間、水空間、溝通空間、休息空間、文化空間、綠地空間七種空間的體驗評價差異,在城市公園的空間使用方面探索影響體驗評價差異的因素。透過調查城市公園中肥胖者和一般人的意見和建議,本研究揭示了13個評估要素中9個評價要素存在顯著差異,隨著城市公園逐漸成為城市居民的主要運動場所,關注肥胖人在城市公園中的體驗和需求變得越來越重要。 第一,根據先行研究,確定了城市公園作為研究場所,以功能性作為分類尺度,將城市公園分為運動空間、道路空間、水空間、溝通空間、休息空間、文化空間、綠地空間共7種空間類型。因為肥胖問題的逐漸嚴重,成為影響城市居民健康生活的重要因素,因此確定了肥胖者和一般人作為研究對象。透過文獻整理與要因分析整理出了城市公園的社會、體驗、和結構形態的13個評價要素-社會性、互動性、包容性、排斥感、開放性、連結性、庇護性、注目性、合理性、沉浸性、趣味性、美學性、恢復性。 第二,進行了問卷調查,收集數據並進行了實驗分析,透過實驗得出肥胖人群和一般人群對運動空間、道路空間、水空間、溝通空間、休息空間、文化空間、綠地空間等七類城市公園空間都存在差異。研究結果顯示,(1)運動空間中包容性、排斥感,連結性和注目性有顯著差異。 (2)移動空間中合理性,美感有顯著差異。 (3)水空間中排斥感有顯著差異。 (4)溝通空間中連結性、沉浸性和趣味性有顯著差異。 (5)休息空間中註目性、趣味性有顯著差異。 (6)文化空間中合理性、趣味性有顯著差異。 (7)綠地空間中社會性有顯著差異。 第三,這些研究結果表明,肥胖人和一般人對城市公園的空間體驗存在差異的原因是主要是個人屬性和空間的設計的不足,因此提出在城市公園的設計和運營中,應考慮不同用戶特徵的空間規劃,為今後的城市公園的設計和規劃中提出具體的意見和建議,促進城市公園的可持續發展。

안경 코받침 디자인에 관한 연구 : 감성 체험 평가를 중심으로

두전하오 전북대학교 대학원 2025 국내석사

This study aims to systematically explore the evaluation factors of eyeglass nose pads design from the perspective of emotional experience and to establish an emotional evaluation system for eyeglass nose pads design. With increasing user emphasis on wearing comfort and the emotional value of products, traditional function-oriented nose pads designs struggle to meet the diverse needs of various usage scenarios and experiential demands. To address this, the study first constructs initial emotional factors through literature analysis and designs a questionnaire to collect users’ subjective experience data. Subsequently, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is employed to identify several representative dimensions of emotional experience evaluation, thereby preliminarily establishing the emotional experience structure for eyeglass nose pads design. Additionally, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to prioritize the importance of each emotional factor, determining the core elements influencing the emotional experience of nose pads design. The findings reveal that users’ emotional experiences with nose pads primarily focus on aspects such as functional innovation, design innovation, and emotional innovation. Furthermore, the proposed emotional experience evaluation system and design recommendations not only enhance the emotional added value of eyeglass products but also provide a theoretical foundation and practical reference for future eyeglass nose pads design. 본 연구는 감성 체험의 관점에서 안경 코받침 디자인의 평가 요소를 체계적으로 논의하고 안경 코받침 디자인의 감성 평가 시스템을 구축하는 것을 목적으로 하다. 사용자가 착용의 편안함과 제품의 감성 가치에 관한 관심이 높아짐에 따라, 전통적인 기능 중심의 코받침 디자인은 다양한 사용 장면과 상황 체험 요구를 충족시키기 어렵다. 이를 위해 연구는 먼저 문헌 분석을 통해 초기 감성 요소를 구축하고 이를 기반으로 설문지를 설계하여 사용자의 주관적 경험 데이터를 수집했다. 그 후 탐색적 요인 분석(Exploratory Factor Analysis, EFA) 방법을 사용하여 평가 요소에서 몇 가지 대표적인 감성 체험 평가 차원을 요약하고 안경 코받침 디자인의 감성 체험 구조를 초보적으로 구축한다. 또한 AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) 계층 분석 방법을 사용하여 각 감성 인자의 중요성을 우선순위로 정렬하여 안경 코받침 디자인에 영향을 미치는 감성 체험의 핵심 요소를 식별한다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 사용자의 코받침에 대한 감성 체험은 주로 기능 혁신, 디자인 혁신, 감성 혁신 등의 측면에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 또한, 본 연구에서 제안한 감성 체험 평가 체계와 디자인 제안은 안경 제품의 감정 부가가치를 높이는 데 도움이 될 뿐만 아니라, 향후 안경 코받침 디자인에 이론적 기초와 실천적 참고 자료를 제공한다. 本研究從感性體驗的觀點出發,系統性地探討眼鏡鼻托設計的評價要素,並旨在建立針對眼鏡鼻托設計的感性評價系統。隨著使用者對佩戴舒適性與產品感性價值的關注日益提高,由於使用者鼻型、用途與使用情境的多樣性,鼻托在實際使用過程中常出現適配性與舒適性問題。因此,本研究首先透過文獻分析提取初步的感性要素,並以此為基礎設計問卷,收集使用者的主觀經驗資料。 之後,研究運用探索性因素分析(Exploratory Factor Analysis, EFA)對感性評價構面及其下代表性語意差異詞進行分類,建立感性體驗評價結構。進一步地,為分析各構面之相對重要性,採用層級分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP)作為權重評估方法,探討其對感性體驗與眼鏡鼻托設計要素間之影響關係。 根據研究結果,提出涵蓋機能創新、設計創新與感性創新的鼻托設計建議。本研究成果不僅有助於提升鼻托產品的附加價值與使用者滿意度,亦可作為未來相關設計與感性技術應用之實務性參考依據。

사용자 경험과 지각된 위험에서의 관계 : 제품과 서비스의 비교 실증 연구

진윤호 전북대학교 대학원 2025 국내박사

This study empirically investigates the key differences and interrelationships between products and services from the perspectives of user experience (UX) and perceived risk. Over the past decade, the global experience economy has grown significantly. As consumer demand gradually shifts from material consumption to experiential consumption, users increasingly prioritize holistic UX over traditional factors such as functionality and price when selecting products or services. Well-designed UX can effectively reduce perceived risk, which is particularly important given that, based on prospect theory, perceived risk exerts a strongly negative influence on consumer behavior. However, academic research on the relationship between UX and perceived risk has lagged behind practical applications. While "products" and "services" differ substantially in terms of design intent and interaction mode, most studies to date have been qualitative in nature or limited to unidimensional quantitative analyses, lacking a comprehensive view of their complex interplay in UX and risk perception. Consequently, it is crucial to understand how multi-dimensional UX affects perceived risk and to apply such insights to optimize product design and service processes—an urgent issue for both academia and industry. Drawing on a comprehensive literature review, this study develops a theoretical framework connecting UX and perceived risk and proposes six hypotheses addressing structural differences in UX, the extent of perceived risk, and the influence of user experience on risk perception. In the preliminary phase, a wide range of products and services frequently encountered in personal consumption contexts were collected. To control for extraneous variables, a questionnaire survey was conducted, and consumer value theory was applied to classify all items into three categories: Goal-Oriented Group (G-Group), Process-Oriented Group (P-Group), and Emotion-Oriented Group (E-Group). Ultimately, six representative items were selected for further analysis: power banks and haircuts (G-Group), sneakers and sauna services (P-Group), and model toys/plushies and stage plays (E-Group). Following the grounded theory approach and expert interviews, 18 UX attributes were extracted from the literature. Exploratory factor analysis revealed significant differences in the composition of UX evaluation elements between products and services. The findings suggest: (1) The physical and functional nature of products results in unique emphasis on operability and functionality, which are critical for enhancing product UX; (2) The interpersonal and environmental dependency of services leads to distinct emphasis on environmental factors and professionalism, highlighting the need for skilled providers and contextual support—underscoring the importance of product-service systems (PSS). The main empirical study utilized independent samples t-tests and multiple regression analyses to examine consumer UX, perceived risk, and their interrelation in product-service comparisons, offering a new theoretical model for UX-driven risk management. Key findings include: (1) In terms of findability, products scored higher than services, largely due to more accessible online information, whereas services rely on subjective experiences and word-of-mouth; (2) In convenience, products again scored higher, as product ownership enables immediate use, while services often involve waiting; (3) In assurance, products were perceived as more secure due to their tangibility, which can serve as concrete evidence in after-sales scenarios; (4) In responsiveness, services outperformed products due to real-time adaptability to user feedback; (5) In sociality, services again scored higher, owing to user-provider interactions that enhance engagement and emotional connection. The study further found that consumers without prior experience perceived significantly higher risk than those with experience, and that, overall, perceived risk was lower for products than for services. Certain UX elements were shown to significantly reduce perceived risk—for instance, assurance for products, professionalism for services, and attraction across both categories. Additionally, the study uncovered nuanced findings. While inexperienced consumers generally perceived higher risk, the risk gap narrowed for familiar items, supporting Bandura's social learning theory: individuals learn not only from direct experience but also by observing others. Moreover, the UX–risk relationship showed stronger explanatory power in services than in products, suggesting that consumers are more emotionally influenced by past experiences when assessing services, but rely more on rational evaluation when assessing products. Interestingly, certain UX factors were found to perceived risk. In the product category, high aesthetics appeal raised expectations, thus elevating risk when those expectations are unmet. In the service category, strong sociality was linked to highe rperceived risk, possibly due to increased dependency or emotional investment. These findings systematically reveal structural differences in UX dimensions between products and services, as well as the heterogeneous mechanisms through which they influence perceived risk. From the perspective of UX-driven risk perception management, this study emphasizes the need for differentiated design optimization and strategic interventions tailored to the inherent attributes and interaction modes of products and services. This approach not only enhances consumer trust and satisfaction but also provides actionable empirical evidence for enterprises aiming to improve UX and mitigate perceived risk, thereby fostering the co-evolution and sustainable development of integrated product-service systems. 本研究旨在從用戶體驗與感知風險的角度,實証探討産品與服務之間的關鍵差異及其相互關繫。過去10年中,全球體驗經濟市場一直在持續增長。隨着消費者需求從物質性消費逐漸轉向體驗性消費,用戶在選擇産品或服務時,已不僅關注功能與價格等傳統要素,更加重視整體的用戶體驗。良好的用戶體驗設計可以有效降低用戶的感知風險,這有重大的意義,因爲基於前景理論,感知風險對消費者的行爲有巨大的負麵影響。但學界對用戶體驗和感知風險兩者關繫的研究一直存在理論髮展落後於實踐運用的問題。我們能很容易區分“産品"和“服務"在設計意圖、交互方式等各方麵都存在不少差異,但對兩者的研究大多爲定性研究,部分定量研究僅停留在單一維度上,未能全麵考慮産品和服務在用戶體驗和感知風險中的複雜互動關繫。因此,如何從多維度理解用戶體驗對感知風險的影響,並據此優化産品設計與服務流程,成爲學界與業界亟需解決的問題。 本研究首先通過文獻回顧,構建了用戶體驗與感知風險的理論框架,並提出六項研究假設,涵蓋用戶體驗結構差異、感知風險程度、體驗情況對風險認知的影響等內容。先行研究中首先提取個人消費場景下的大量産品和服務。開展問捲調查控製無關變量,引入消費者價值理論將所有商品分爲了目標導向組(Goal-Oriented Group),過程導向組(Process-Oriented Group)和情感導向組(Emotion-Oriented Group)。最終選擇了充電寶-理髮(G-Group)、運動鞋-桑拿房(P-Group)、模型和毛絨玩具-舞颱劇(E-Group)這6個研究對象進行後續比較。 遵循解釋性紥根理論方法,結合專家訪談,作者從文獻中提取了18個UX特徵要素。運用探索性要因分析及對比,髮現産品和服務的用戶體驗評價要素構成存在差異。研究者認爲:①産品的物理特性與功能導向導緻了操作性和功能性在産品中獨有而服務中不重要。完善的功能和穩定的操作才能最大程度提昇産品的用戶體驗。②服務的人際互動和環境依賴特性導緻了環境和專業性在服務中獨有而在産品評價中不重要。服務提供者需要更加專業才能帶來好的用戶體驗,並且服務的開展依賴於環境、有形産品的支持,這些觀點進一步強化了産品服務繫統(PSS)的重要性。 在接下來的實証研究中運用獨立樣本T檢驗與多元回歸分析等統計方法,基於産品與服務對比的前提,全麵研究了消費者用戶體驗、感知風險及兩者的關繫,爲産品和服務的用戶體驗設計提供了新的理論框架。研究髮現,産品和服務的實際用戶體驗也有差異。①在蒐索性的體驗上産品普遍高於服務,研究者認爲互聯網髮展帶來信息傳播方式的改變是直接原因。産品可以通過網絡蒐索查找,而服務由於體驗要素都更加主觀,導緻傳播方式更多還是依賴口碑宣傳。②在便利性的體驗上産品普遍高於服務,研究者認爲産品歸屬權髮生變化,産品歸消費者個人所有是直接原因。擁有産品後消費者隨時隨地可以使用,但服務的使用總是存在等待時間,即存在延遲滿足現象。③在保障性的體驗上産品普遍高於服務,研究者認爲是産品的有形性帶來的益處。有形産品本身就是售後保障的証據,而服務由於無形性和體驗的主觀性,髮生不滿意時難以獲得有力証據。④在響應性的體驗上服務普遍高於産品,研究者認爲是服務的高頻互動特性帶來的。服務可以根據用戶的反饋實時做出調整,但是産品的功能和設計通常是固定的,無法立刻響應用戶個性化的需求。⑤在社會性的體驗上服務普遍高於産品,研究者認爲和上一項類似。和服務提供者的互動可以增強用戶的參與感和情感連接。 研究還髮現,在感知風險方麵,首先無體驗的消費者比有體驗的消費者感知到更高的風險。其次,消費者對産品感知到的風險普遍低於對服務感知到的風險。 在用戶體驗的部分要素上,良好的體驗對感知風險有顯著降低的作用。例如保障性對産品的感知風險有顯著的降低作用,專業性對服務的感知風險有顯著的降低作用,魅力性在産品和服務中普遍具有降低感知風險的作用。 研究者將上述髮現視爲一般性結論。此外還存在一些比較特殊的結論。 前文已經描述,缺乏體驗的消費者的感知風險普遍高於有體驗的消費者。但是生活中越常見的事物,缺乏體驗的消費者對之的感知風險和有體驗的消費者之間的差距越小。研究認爲這從側麵証實了班杜拉的社會學習理論在用戶體驗設計領域的成立,即人們學習不僅通過直接體驗,還通過觀察他人的行爲以及對這些行爲的後果進行思考而髮生。 在更細緻的對比下髮現,用戶體驗對感知風險的影響模型在産品中的解釋力普遍低於在服務中,即消費者在思考服務的感知風險時,會比思考産品的感知風險更注重過往體驗的影響。研究者認爲,這可能來源於思考産品和服務的方式的差異導緻,在思考産品時更加理性,可能會納入更多的考慮因素;而在思考服務時則更加感性,更注重過往體驗給自己帶來的影響。 同時研究髮現,部分用戶體驗要素反而會增加感知風險。在産品類別中,好的審美性體驗反而會增加感知風險,在服務類別中,好的社會性體驗也會增加感知風險。研究者認爲,這些體驗會造成消費者期望值變高或者依賴性産生,從而使期望的落差變大導緻感知風險的昇高。 這些研究結果繫統性地揭示了不同類型的産品與服務在用戶體驗維度上的結構性差異,以及其對消費者感知風險所産生的異質性影響機製。因此,從用戶體驗驅動的風險感知管理角度出髮,應針對産品與服務在屬性特徵與交互方式上的本質差異,結合本研究所提取的關鍵影響因素,製定差異化的設計優化與策略幹預方案。如此不僅有助於增強消費者對産品與服務的信任感和滿意度,也可爲企業在提昇用戶體驗、降低感知風險方麵提供可操作的實証依據,從而推動産品與服務繫統的協同進化與可持續髮展。

농촌디자인 평가 방법에 관한 연구 : 시간적 개념을 중심으로

김용구 전북대학교 일반대학원 2018 국내박사

This study is on the evaluation methods of rural designs. For this, the concept of rural design and theories on subjective temporal characteristics were identified in the theoretical considerations. The characteristics of subjective time are the psychological processes of visitors found in the need of research, and change in emotions were identified linked with the flow of time to understand repeated psychological processes such as emotional experiences and psychological changes, positive attitude formed through psychological exchanges, etc. with the correlation with satisfaction according to the change of time. Next, in order to identify research trends related to this study, trends related to design research, rural resource systematization classification trends, research trends related to agriculture and design, and evaluation trends related to rural policy projects were identified. First, in trends related to design research, research documents on design were organized and the categories were classified. Second, in the rural resource systemization classification trends, the existing rural resources were reorganized through systematic classification. Third, in research trends related to agriculture and design, existing agricultural design fields were classified per design category and rural resource systemization classification, and the agricultural research sector was classified per sector, method and contents to identify research trends. Lastly, evaluation trends related to rural policy projects were identified to understand the flow of rural policy evaluations. In order to develop the rural design evaluation method, rural design evaluation factors were extracted and satisfaction evaluation formulas linked to time were arranged to propose rural design evaluation methods. A total of 13 rural design evaluation elements were extracted for this, and they are functionality (usability), local identify (culture), aesthetics, scenery, accessibility, utilization, pleasantness (comfort), safety, education, sustainability (maintenance), community, constructability (facilities), and integration. The relationship of rural design evaluation elements and design categories were identified to organize each element corresponding to style, service and system with a Venn diagram. Based on this, satisfaction evaluation formulas were combined connected to rural design evaluation elements and time to compare and evaluate each town more easily and independently than by evaluating through an institute, and to propose an evaluation method that can be used as a self-evaluation index needed for setting goals, etc. The developed rural design evaluation methods were used to comprise the rural experience evaluation team and values found through experiences in two rural experience towns were applied to the formula. In result, it was possible to generally digitize experiences at rural experience towns by linking with rural design elements, and was used to make it possible to compare towns.

도로변 농산물 판매장을 이용하는 소비자의 안전에 관한 연구

하은영 전북대학교 일반대학원 2019 국내석사

The current roadside agricultural shop receives great responses from farmers and consumers due to its convenient accessibility and recognition of local specialties. Since it has been focused on the convenience of sale of farmers from the environmental aspects, safety of consumers is not considered. Therefore, it is required to conduct a study to prevent random opening of shops and to ensure the safety of consumers using roadside agriculture shops. The purpose of this study is to provide the measures to contribute in formation of safe environment for roadside agricultural shops, in order to set “safety” of consumers using roadside agricultural shops as a core value. For this, background of activation of roadside agricultural shops was reviewed, unsafe behaviors were identified through observation survey of consumers using roadside agricultural shops, in-depth interviews were conducted to identify the basic causes and reasons. And then, overall issues were deduced to plan safe roadside agricultural shops by integrating the results of consumer observation survey and interviews, such issues were verified through assessment by professionals. After we classified plans for establishing the roadside agricultural shops according to the areas such as public roads and private farming land, we suggest the roadside agricultural shop should consist of the recognition zone, parking zone and sales zone within the legally possible range. First, in the recognition zone, it is most important to create an environment in which the driving vehicle can recognize the location of the shops in advance and can sufficiently reduce the speed to safely enter. Thus, it is required to provide the location of shops in advance and to keep the sufficient distance prior to the entry area. Second, in the parking zone, the most important things are the location of parking lots to help consumers safely and rapidly purchase products and the safety facility to help consumers safely park a vehicle. Thus, it is required to secure parking space on the side of shops and to install safety bollards in order to prevent illegal parking. Third, in the sales zone, it is most important to create an environment in which consumers can safely purchase without risk caused by passing vehicles within the legal areas. Thus, it is required to obtain farming land which is the legal sales area and to have the sales facility which minimizes the use of land to reduce the inconvenience of people using the road. The plan for establishing the roadside agricultural shops proposed in this study is very significant, because it is intended to ensure the safety of roadside agricultural shops and to vitalize them. The reliability should be increased by checking variables identified by operating the actual roadside agricultural shops and by carrying out complementary designs through continuous research and verification.

단분산성 고분자의 선형 점탄성 모델과 이차 혼합 규칙을 이용한 분자량 분포의 계산

김상모 경북대학교 대학원 2018 국내석사

Molecular weight distribution of polymer is one of the important factors affecting mechanical properties of polymer and its processability. Molecular weight distributions are typically measured by GPC (Gel Permeation chromatography). However, these measurements are sometimes not available because of solubility problem for commercial polymers such as Kevlar, Teflon, PE(polyethylene), and PP(Polypropylene). Furthermore, cost aspects, for polymers like PP, GPC measurement sometimes requires a lot of cost compared with rheological determination of MWD. To overcome these limitations and problems of GPC measurement of molecular weight distribution, in this study, we developed a method calculating the molecular weight distributions from rheological properties. Quadratic mixing rule derived from double reptation theory is adopted and a phenomenological model, composed with parameters having molecular weight dependence, is used to describe linear viscoelasticity of monodisperse polymer melts. Also, we used Fixed-point iteration method originally developed for determining the relaxation time spectrum from dynamic moduli data to get the information of molecular weight distribution from the mixing rule.

Point-Wise 방법을 이용한 크립 실험 데이터에서 동적 탄성률 데이터로의 직접 변환

김시현 경북대학교 대학원 2019 국내석사

For better understanding of viscoelastic material, it is of importance to measure viscoelastic data as possible as wider range of frequency or time for better understanding of viscoelastic material. Especially, terminal region has rich information about molecular structure. However, wide range measurement of most test methods is limited except creep test unless time-temperature superposition is available. Hence, conversion of creep data to dynamic modulus could be a good solution to overcome this limitation. In this study, we adopted point-wise method which uses low degree of polynomial regression in order to improve the algorithm of Kwon et al. This algorithm reduces the waviness in the terminal regime dramatically compared with the previous method which is based on higher order polynomial regression.

전통시장 레저체험 평가 차이에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구 : 시리어스 레저와 캐주얼 레저 집단을 중심으로

초금지 전북대학교 대학원 2025 국내박사

本研究旨在比較嚴肅休閒人群和隨性休閒人群對綜合型、專業型、生態型、節慶型等四類傳統市場認知和體驗評價的差異,在市場空間環境和服務設計方面探索影響認知和體驗差異的因素。通過調查和分析兩組傳統市場訪問者的意見和體驗,本研究揭示了個人因素和市場形象對傳統市場評價差異的影響,隨著傳統市場逐漸成為日常購物消費場所和旅遊目的地的綜合休閒空間,關注休閒人群在傳統市場中的體驗和需求變得越來越重要。 第一,根據先行研究,確立傳統市場為研究場所,利用「營業時間頻度的連續性與暫時性」、「商品(功能)種類豐富度的多樣性與單一性」兩個分類尺度,將傳統市場分為綜合型、專業型、生態型、節慶型等共四種類型傳統市場。根據傳統市場訪問者休閒需求的嚴肅程度,確定嚴肅休閒人群和隨性休閒人群為研究對象。通過文獻整理出傳統市場空間環境和服務體驗的21個評價要素-歷史性、季節性、時間性、可达性、便利性、安全性、簡潔性、魅力性、舒適性、反應性、價值型、準確性、信賴性、親切性、公平性、豐富性、獨特性、一貫性、社交性、教育性、趣味性。 第二,進行了問卷調查,收集數據後進行實驗分析,通過實驗得出嚴肅休閒人群和隨性休閒人群對綜合型、專業型、生態型、節慶型等四種類型傳統市場的空間環境和服務體驗評價存在差異。研究結果顯示,(1)嚴肅休閒人群和隨性休閒人群對綜合型傳統市場的價值型、舒適性、一致性、獨特性等共4個評價要素上存在差異。(2)嚴肅休閒人群和隨性休閒人群對專業型傳統市場的教育性、價值性、豐富性等共3個評價要素上存在差異。(3)嚴肅休閒人群和隨性休閒人群對生態型傳統市場的魅力性、可達性、教育性、獨特性等共4個評價要素上存在差異。(4)嚴肅休閒人群和隨性休閒人群對節慶型傳統市場的一貫性、價值性、可達性等共3個評價要素上存在顯著差異。 第三,為了能探尋出不同類型傳統市場中不同類型休閒目的的訪問者對傳統市場不同的認知和體驗的影響要素,通過文獻研究,提出了參與態度、參與程度、市場熟悉度、市場佈局、市場商品、市場展示和市場服務等7個影響傳統市場休閒體驗評價的假設因素,構建了個人屬性和市場形象因素影響傳統市場休閒體驗評價差異的研究模型。以實證研究的方式,利用多重回歸模型,詳細分析驗證各因素的影響關係。研究結果顯示,(1)以綜合型、專業型、節慶型為代表的A型傳統市場中,SL人群的參與態度、市場熟悉度與市場的佈局對傳統市場管理價值性評估有正向影響。而CL人群的市場熟悉度、市場中的商品和展示對傳統市場管理價值評價有正向影響。(2)在以生態型、節慶型為代表的B型傳統市場中,SL人群的參與態度、參與程度及市場中的服務品質對傳統市場可达性評估有正向影響。而CL人群的參與態度、市場熟悉度和市場的服務品質對傳統市場可及性評價有正向影響。(3)在以專業型、生態型為代表的C型傳統市場中,SL人群的參與態度、參與程度、市場熟悉度及市場的服務品質對傳統市場教育性評估有正向影響。而CL人群的參與態度和市場的商品對傳統市場教育性評估有正向影響。 第四,這些研究結果強調了,在不同類型傳統市場中市場形象和個人屬性因素對不同休閒目的用戶(SL人群和CL人群)造成對傳統市場不同認知和體驗評價影響的系統結果。因此,在傳統市場成為休閒空間的視角下,應對不斷增漲的不同類型休閒目的的訪問者,利用實證研究所提取的這些影響傳統市場評價的因素,為傳統市場的更新和發展提供具體的服務設計策略和建議,提升傳統市場訪問者的用戶體驗,促進傳統市場的可持續發展。 This study aims to compare the differences in perceptions and experience evaluations between serious leisure groups and casual leisure groups on four types of traditional markets: comprehensive, specialty, ecological, and festival, and explore the impact on cognition and experience in the market space environment and service design. Factors that make the difference in experience. By surveying and analyzing the opinions and experiences of two groups of traditional market visitors, this study reveals the impact of personal factors and market image on differences in evaluations of traditional markets, as traditional markets gradually become integrated leisure spaces for daily shopping and consumption and tourist destinations , it has become increasingly important to pay attention to the experience and needs of leisure people in traditional markets. First, based on previous research, the traditional market was established as the research site, and the traditional market was classified using two classification scales: "continuity and temporary nature of the frequency of business hours" and "diversity and singleness of the richness of commodity (function) types". The market is divided into four types of traditional markets: comprehensive, professional, ecological, and festive. According to the seriousness of leisure needs of traditional market visitors, the serious leisure(SL) and the casual leisure(CL) groups are determined as the research objects. 21 evaluation factors of traditional market space environment and service experience were sorted out through literature - historicity, seasonality, timeliness, accessibility, convenience, safety, simplicity, charm, comfort, responsiveness, value, accuracy, reliability, friendliness, fairness, richness, uniqueness, consistency, sociability, education, and interesting. Second, a questionnaire survey was conducted, and the data were collected and then analyzed through experiments. Through the experiment, the spatial environment and service experience of the serious leisure and the casual leisure group on the four types of traditional markets were comprehensive, professional, ecological, and festive. There are differences in reviews. The research results show that (1) there are differences between the serious leisure and the casual leisure group in the four evaluation factors of value, comfort, consistency and uniqueness of the comprehensive traditional market. (2) There are differences in the three evaluation factors of the professional traditional market between serious leisure and casual leisure group: education, value, and richness. (3) There are differences in the four evaluation factors of the ecological traditional market between serious leisure and casual leisure group: charm, accessibility, education, and uniqueness. (4) There are significant differences between the serious leisure crowd and the casual leisure crowd in the three evaluation factors of consistency, value and accessibility of the traditional festival market. Third, in order to explore the factors that influence the different perceptions and experiences of visitors with different leisure purposes in different types of traditional markets, through literature research, we proposed participation attitude, participation degree, market familiarity, and market layout. 7 hypothetical factors that affect the evaluation of leisure experience in the traditional market, including market products, market displays and market services, are constructed to construct a research model in which personal attributes and market image factors affect the evaluation differences of leisure experience in the traditional market. In the form of empirical research, multiple linear regression models are used to analyze and verify the influence relationship of each factor in detail. The research results show that (1) In type A traditional markets represented by comprehensive, professional and festive markets, the participation attitude, market familiarity and market layout of SL group have a positive impact on the value evaluation of traditional market management. The market familiarity of CL group, the products and displays in the market have a positive impact on the value evaluation of traditional market management. (2) In type B traditional markets represented by ecological and festival types, the participation attitude and degree of participation of SL group and the service quality in the market have a positive impact on the accessibility evaluation of traditional markets. The participation attitude, market familiarity and market service quality of the CL group have a positive impact on the traditional market accessibility evaluation. (3) In type C traditional markets represented by professional and ecological types, the participation attitude, participation degree, market familiarity and market service quality of the SL group have a positive impact on the educational evaluation of the traditional market. The participation attitude of the CL group and the products in the market have a positive impact on the educational evaluation of the traditional market. Fourth, these research results emphasize that in different types of traditional markets, market image and personal attribute factors have a systematic impact on users with different leisure purposes (SL and CL groups) on different perceptions and experience evaluations of traditional markets. Therefore, from the perspective of traditional markets becoming leisure spaces, in response to the increasing number of visitors with different types of leisure purposes, we use the factors that affect the evaluation of traditional markets extracted from empirical research to provide specific services for the renewal and development of traditional markets. Design strategies and suggestions to enhance the user experience of traditional market visitors and promote the sustainable development of traditional markets.