Developmental patterns and the related factors of the gifted: 18 years after their identification

Cho, Seok-Hee The Korean Society for the Gifted 2004 영재교육연구 Vol.14 No.3

Gifted Students Understanding of Science Concepts through Activities of Modifying of Scientific Conceptual Models

Kim, Jung-Kuk,Jeong, Seong-Oh,Kim, Young-Min The Korean Society for the Gifted 2004 영재교육연구 Vol.14 No.4

The concern with scientific mode1s has been growing in science education, and schematic models are frequently used to teach science concepts in secondary schools. The aim of this study is to investigate how well the scientifically gifted students understand scientific concepts through activities of modifying scientific models which we developed. Thirty 8th-grade students participated in the study, 15 in a control group and 15 in an experimental group. For the students in the experimental group, teaching material with activities of modifying models, while for the students in the control group, the teaching material with traditional activities such as explanation, problem solving, and reading. The teaching contents in physics for both groups were linear momentum. We used multiple-choice test and essay-type test to evaluate students' achievements after lessons, and then compared their achievements of both groups. Through the research, we could find a clue that model-modifying activities are helpful for the gifted students to enhance their understanding of physics concepts, although the statistics does not show meaningful difference between experimental and control groups.

수학적 상황과 비수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고의 관계 연구 - TTCT의 도형검사와 MCPSAT를 중심으로 -

황동주,이강섭,서종진,Hwang, Dong-Jou,Lee, Kang-Sup,Seo, Jong-Jin The Korean Society for the Gifted 2005 영재교육연구 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고와 비수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고의 관계를 조사하기 위하여 중학교 2학년 학생 215명을 대상으로 검사를 실시하여 자료를 분석하였다. 자료 분석은 빈도, 퍼센트, t-검증과 상관 분석을 사용하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 첫 번째, 수학 영재 학생이 일반 학생보다 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고(MCPSAT)와 비 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고(TTCT)는 통계적으로 유의미하게 높은 점수를 받았다. 두 번째, 여학생이 남학생보다 비 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고(TTCT)에서 제목의 추상성을 제외하고 모든 요소에서 통계적으로 유의미하게 높은 점수를 받았다. 세 번째, 남학생이 여학생보다 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고에서 유창성과 융통성은 평균이 높게 나타나고 있으나 통계적으로는 유의미하지 않고 여학생이 남학생보다 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고에서 독창성의 평균이 높게 나타나고 있으며 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타나고 있다. 네 번째, 수학적 상황과 비 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고 점수사이의 상관관계는 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타나고 있으며 중학생 전체에서는 r=.41(p<.05)이고 r=.21에서 r=.56까지 분포하고 있으며 일반 학생은 r=.27(p<.05)이고 r =.07에서 r=.27까지 분포하고 있다. 다섯 번째로 수학 영재학생의 경우는 수학적 상황과 비 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고 점수사이의 상관관계는 r=.11이며 통계적으로 유의미하지 않게 나타나고 있다. 이 결과는 수학 영재학생의 경우 수학적 상황과 비 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고 점수사이의 상관관계는 거의 0에 가깝다고 할 수 있다. 이것은 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고능력은 비 수학적인 상황에서의 확산적 사고 조합된 능력이 아니라 다른 특별한 능력이라고 볼 수 있다. 그러나 본 연구에서 수학 영재 학생들의 사례수가 적어서 수학 영재 학생의 수학적 상황과 비 수학적 상황에서의 확산적 사고 점수 사이의 상관관계가 있다는 주장을 일반화하기에는 충분치 않을 수 있다는 제한점을 가지고 있다. We examined the relations between the score of the divergent thinking in mathematical (Mathematical Creative Problem Solving Ability Test; MCPSAT: Lee etc. 2003) and non-mathematical situations (Torrance Test of Creative Thinking Figural A; TTCT: adapted for Korea by Kim, 1999). Subjects in this study were 213 eighth grade students(129 males and 84 females). In the analysis of data, frequencies, percentiles, t-test and correlation analysis were used. The results of the study are summarized as follows; First, mathematically gifted students showed statistically significantly higher scores on the score of the divergent thinking in mathematical and non-mathematical situations than regular students. Second, female showed statistically significantly higher scores on the score of the divergent thinking in mathematical and non-mathematical situations than males. Third, there was statistically significant relationship between the score of the divergent thinking in mathematical and non-mathematical situations for middle students was r=.41 (p<.05) and regular students was r=.27 (p<.05). A test of statistical significance was conducted to test hypothesis. Fourth, the correlation between the score of the divergent thinking in mathematical and non-mathematical situations for mathematically gifted students was r=.11. There was no statistically significant relationship between the score of the divergent thinking in mathematical and non-mathematical situations for mathematically gifted students. These results reveal little correlation between the scores of the divergent thinking in mathematical and non-mathematical situations in both mathematically gifted students. Also but for the group of students of relatively mathematically gifted students it was found that the correlations between divergent thinking in mathematical and non-mathematical situations was near zero. This suggests that divergent thinking ability in mathematical situations may be a specific ability and not just a combination of divergent thinking ability in non-mathematical situations. But the limitations of this study as following: The sample size in this study was too few to generalize that there was a relation between the divergent thinking of mathematically gifted students in mathematical situation and non-mathematical situation.

Profiles of Overexcitabilities for Korean High School Gifted Students According to Gender and Domain of Study

문정화,Moon, Jeong-Hwa,Montgomery, Diane The Korean Society for the Gifted 2005 영재교육연구 Vol.15 No.1

발달 잠재력과 관련된 개념으로서 과민흥분성(OE)은 미국 학생들의 경우 지능, 성별, 학교 프로그램에의 연류, 그리고 예술적 관심에서 차이를 보였다. 사람들이 정서적 성장을 위한 발달 잠재력을 경험하는 과민흥분성은 다섯 가지 방법으로 설명할 수 있는데, 이는 정서적,지적, 상상적, 감각적, 그리고 정신운동성이다. 미국에서 수행된 연구 외에 영재아 그룹의 프로파일에 대해서는 알려진 것이 거의 없다. 한국 학생들의 정서적 필요를 보다 잘 이해하기 위해서, 본 연구는 수학과 과학, 예술, 그리고 외국어라는 상이한 학습 영역의 네 고등학교에 다니는 학생들의 과민흥분성 프로파일을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 341명의 학생들에게 과민흥분성 설문지로 검사를 실시한 후 통계적 차이를 알아보기 위해 MANOVA가 사용되었다. 정신운동, 감각적, 상상적 영역에서는 예술학교 학생들이 가장 높았으며, 지적 영역은 과학고등학교 학생들이, 정서적 영역은 외국어 고등학교 학생들이 가장 높았다. 학교들 간에 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이를 보였다. 각각의 전공 사이에도 역시 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이를 보였다. 정신 운동에서는 무용 전공의 학생들이, 감각적, 상상적, 정서적 에서는 드라마 전공의 학생들이, 그리고 지적에서는 과학 전공 학생들이 각각 가장 높은 점수를 보였다. 또한, 정신운동, 상상적, 지적 영역은 남학생들이 높았고, 반대로 감각적, 정서적 영역에서는 여학생들이 남학생보다 높았다. Overexcitaility (OE) as a concept that is related to developmental potential, has been shown to differ by intelligence, gender, involvement in school programs and artistic interest in American populations of students. Overexitability, used to describe the five ways that people might experience developmental potential for emotional growth, are emotional, intellectual, imaginational, sensual, and psychomotor. Little is known about the profiles of groups of gifted learners outside of studies conducted in the United States. In order to better understand the emotional needs of Korean students, the purpose of this study was to determine the overexcitability profiles of students enrolled in four high schools, each with a different domain focus: math and sciences, visual and performing arts, and foreign languages. 341 subjects of this study completed the Overexcitability Questionnaire II. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was conducted to determine statistical differences. The results showed that Mean scores of psychomotor, sensual and imaginational are highest in the Art High School, intellectual is highest in the Science High School and emotional is highest in the Foreign Language High School. There were significant differences among the schools. Each major also showed significant difference. The results showed that mean score of psychomotor is highest in the Dance major, sensual, imaginational and emotional are highest in the Drama majore and intellectual is highest in the Science major. The results showed that the mean scores of psychomotor, imaginational and intellectual are higher in the male students than female students. On the other hand the mean scores of sensual and emotional are higher in the female students than in the male students.

THE POSSIBILITIES AND DIFFICULTIES ON R&E ACTIVITY FOR IMPROVING THE PROFESSION SKILLS OF SCIENCE GIFTED TEACHER

Park, Sang-Woo,Kim, So-Ah,Park, In-Ho The Korean Society for the Gifted 2004 영재교육연구 Vol.14 No.4

Although over - 600 students in Incheon has been participated in the gifted education programs under the colleges and Office of Education Department every year, it is reported that the number of teachers have insufficient teaching abilities in primary, advanced, and after-advanced gifted classes. The Gifted Education Research Institute in Incheon University introduced R&E activities for the improvement of teachers' abilities in science research and student guiding. Professors in science department conducted the R & E activities to select the research thesis. The professors and the guidance teachers decided the directions of the research, and the guidance teachers who learned from the professors taught 3-5 students to practice the research. Five professor-teacher-student research teams in math, physics, chemistry and biology conducted the research after school and during the vacation for 7 months. The results of the research were submitted to the journals of research activities and the result papers were presented to the seminar. On this research, the possibilities and the difficulties of the R&E activities based of the journals of research activities, oral presentation and the research results reports were analyzed with a purpose of improving the professionalism of the science gifted teachers. Although the professors proposed many difficulties or problems about the R&E activities, the teachers reported that the R & E activities he1ped them to improve their research activities and student guiding techniques. The teachers acquired more knowledge on the principles of the science related areas than before. Moreover, they thought it was very meaningful experience in using the science related instruments, guiding the students' research and writing the research reports. The students also gave the positive responses with the increased interests in new science studies and with the experience of learning the way of research.

Out-of-School Educatin for the Gifted and Talented around the World

Freeman, Joan The Korean Society for the Gifted 2004 영재교육연구 Vol.14 No.3

No educational provision for the gifted and talented works in a cultural vacuum, and this is as true for out-of-school activities as for what happens in school itself. There is evidence that excellence in children's achievements can come from widely differing special provision or from no special provision at all. Cultural influences affect attitudes as to who might be gifted and talented and what might be done for them. Whatever the size and influence of special centres anywhere, there is always overlap between in-school and out-of-school activities. For all styles of provision, cooperation between the two is a vital aspect of success. The major cultural dichotomy in this field is between the perception, usually found in the Far East that 'most children have gifted potential' and the largely Western view that 'few children have gifted potential'. It is safe to say that children who are selected for aptitude and ability, and who are keen to learn, will get more from special enrichment than those who of equal potential who have not had that experience. But this does not necessarily show the provision as the best possible method for enhancing gifts and talents. In fact, I do not know of a single scientific investigation, either cross-culturally or within one country, which compares any aspect of an out-of-school programme with another. As a result it is hard to say what type of provision would be most appropriate and effective in any given situation. Outcomes are also dependent on the enthusiasm, organisation and money put into any scheme - as well as the way youngsters are chosen for it. Some of the largest and most influential out-of-school American institutions were founded on the psychological understanding of human abilities that was current in the 1920s. These early influences of seeking an IQ cut-off point (or equivalent) to identify the gifted still affect their practice. in addition, the big American Talent Searches so often select youngsters for summer-schools not only by their high-level achievements, but also by their parent's ability to pay the sometimes high fees. Opinions about the identification of the brightest children and consequential educational practice underlie all provision for their education, whether in or outside school hours. Because of cross-cultural differences, it would not seem wise to copy any action directly from one culture to another without recognising these influences and possibly modifying the model. The growing trend around the world is to offer high-level opportunities to as many youngsters as possible, so that no keen learner is turned away without even a change of sampling them.

A Mentorship Model based on KIGES' Mentorship program

성현숙,이상천,허정윤,우정수,Sunk, Hyun-Sook,Lee, Sang-Chun,Heo, Jung-Yun,Woo, Jeong-Soo The Korean Society for the Gifted 2004 영재교육연구 Vol.14 No.4

심화교육의 한 형태인 사사교육은 21세기를 주도할 과학영재들에게 적합한 교육방법으로 알려져 오고 있다. 사사교육은 과학영재들에게 멘터와의 긴밀한 관계 및 연구를 통해 자신의 능력 및 과학자로서의 태도를 기르는 데 도움을 주고 있다. 경남대학교 과학영재교육원 (KIGES)은 지난 5년간 사사교육 프로그램을 운영해 오고 있다. KIGES의 경험을 포함하여 사사교육이 과학영재에게 제공하는 이점들을 토대로 사사교육 모형을 제안하였다. 이 사사교육 모형은 향후 사사교육 참여자들에게 사사교육의 과정을 용이하게 할 뿐만 아니라 사사교육의 효과를 증진시키는 데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. Mentorship as an enrichment program as well as a promising educational method in the 21st century for the gifted students in science provides young scientists with opportunities to develop their abilities and attitudes regarding research. Kyungnam Institute of Gifted Education in Science (KIGES) has run mentorship program for five years. Many advantages of mentorship program for the science gifted students are reviewed including those of KIGES. A mentorship model for future student research programs is proposed as a way to facilitate the process of mentorship.

Gifted Children Education in Science: How do Gifted Children Develop Scientific Creativity

Choe, Seung-Urn The Korean Society for the Gifted 2004 영재교육연구 Vol.14 No.3

A Case Study on Guiding the Mathematically Gifted Students to Investigating on the 4-Dimensional Figures

송상헌,Song, Sang-Hun The Korean Society for the Gifted 2005 영재교육연구 Vol.15 No.1

이 연구는 경기과학고등학교 1학년 학생 5명을 대상으로 사사연구를 진행하면서 학생들이 탐구한 수학적인 내용에 대한 분석과 그 결과가 나오기까지 멘토링을 하는 지도교수의 역할을 설명하고 있다. 학생들이 탐구한 수학적인 내용은 4차원 도형의 모양과 그 도형들에 나타나는 수학적인 성질이다. 지도교수는 연구에 익숙하지 않은 학생들을 위하여 수학자 피코크가 제안했던 '형식불역의 원리'를 모델로 삼도록 했고, 지도교수는 학생들의 창조적인 산출물 생산을 격려하기 위해 수학교육학자 프로이덴탈의 '안내된 재발명의 방법'을 사용하였다. 학생들은 지도교수의 안내에 의한 (재)발명의 원리에 따라 기존에 이미 알고 있던 수학적 성질을 고차원 도형에 적용시키면서 확장, 일반화시켜나갔는데, 여기에는 '형식불역의 원리'라는 틀이 매우 유용하게 작용하였다. 지도교사는 학생들에게 3차원 도형을 2차원에 표현하는 겨냥도, 전개도, 평면그래프를 응용하여 4차원을 3차원과 2차원에 표현하는 방식을 탐구하도록 하였다. 이 과정에서 학생들은 이미 알려진 파스칼의 삼각형과 이항정리, 오일러 정리, 하세의 다이어그램 등을 4차원 이상의 도형을 탐구할 때에도 적용할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 그리고 몇 가지의 추측과 후속 연구 과제를 제안하였다. 학생들의 산출물들은 형식불역의 원리와 안내된 재발명의 방법의 결과물인 것이다. 이 연구는 사사연구의 과정에 도움이 될 수 있는 3가지의 제안과 그 실 예를 담고 있다. Some properties on the mathematical hyper-dimensional figures by 'the principle of the permanence of equivalent forms' was investigated. It was supposed that there are 2 conjectures on the making n-dimensional figures : simplex (a pyramid type) and a hypercube(prism type). The figures which were made by the 2 conjectures all satisfied the sufficient condition to show the general Euler's Theorem(the Euler's Characteristics). Especially, the patterns on the numbers of the components of the simplex and hypercube are fitted to Binomial Theorem and Pascal's Triangle. It was also found that the prism type is a good shape to expand the Hasse's Diagram. 5 mathematically gifted high school students were mentored on the investigation of the hyper-dimensional figure by 'the principle of the permanence of equivalent forms'. Research products and ideas students have produced are shown and the 'guided re-invention method' used for mentoring are explained.

Teaching Creativity in American Colleges and Universities : Faculty Perceptions of Course Goals, Assignments, and Focus of Evaluation

Baloche, Lynda,Bull, Kay-S.,Montgomery, Diane The Korean Society for the Gifted 1993 영재교육연구 Vol.2 No.1