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Are Drop-Impact Phenomena Described by Rayleigh-Taylor or Kelvin-Helmholtz Theory?
Yoon, Sam S.,Jepsen, Richard A.,James, Scott C.,Liu, Jie,Aguilar, Guillermo Taylor Francis 2009 Drying technology Vol.27 No.3
<P> Drop impact, spreading, fingering, and snap-off are important inmany engineering applications such as spray drying, industrial painting, environmentally friendly combustion, inkjet printing, materials processing, fire suppression, and pharmaceutical coating. Controlling drop-impact instability is crucial to designing optimized systems for the aforementioned applications. Classical Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) theory has been widely used to analyze fingering where instabilities at the leading edge of the toroidal ring form fingers that may ultimately snap off to form small droplets. In this study, we demonstrate the inapplicability of RT theory, in particular because it fails to explain the stable regimes observed under conditions of low air density and the instabilities observed when a drop impacts a pool of equal-density fluid. Specifically, finger instability decreases with decreasing air density, whereas the RT theory suggests that instability should remain unchanged. Moreover, experiments show that fingers form upon impact of a dyed water drop with a water pool, whereas the RT theory predicts noinstability when the densities of the two interacting fluids are equal. Experimental evidence is instead consistent with instability predictions made using the shear-driven Kelvin-Helmholtz theory.</P>
Lee, Hyun-Woo,Kim, Seok-Jun,Choi, Il Ju,Song, Jaewhan,Chun, Kyung-Hee Taylor Francis ; Rapid Science Publishers 2015 Clinical & experimental metastasis Vol.32 No.6
<P>Current medication for gastric cancer patients has a low success rate and the patients develop rapid tolerance to these drugs. Therefore, the development of new regimens is desired. In this study, we determined that Notch-signaling-related genes were overexpressed and activated in gastric cancer patients and gastric cancer cell lines. According to recent studies, gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSIs), which function as Notch signaling inhibitors, could be used as therapeutic drugs in cancer. We demonstrated that GSI I (cbz-IL-CHO) is the most effective GSI in gastric cancer cells. We also determined the cell survival signaling-related proteins that were affected by GSI I. The levels of phosphorylated AKT were significantly decreased upon GSI I treatment, and constitutively activated myristoylated AKT completely blocked GSI I-induced apoptosis and cell survival, suggesting that inhibition of AKT signaling is critical for GSI I-mediated effects in gastric cancer cells. In order to maximize the effects and safety of GSI I, a combination treatment with GSI I and 5-FU was performed. Inhibition of gastric cancer cell proliferation with the combination treatment was significantly better than that with the single treatment. All phosphorylated forms of AKT, p44/42, JNK, and p38 were drastically changed by the combination treatment. Orthotopically transplanted gastric tumor burdens in mice were reduced using the combined treatment. The outcomes of this study clearly demonstrated the therapeutic potential of GSI I in gastric cancer, as well as the greater efficacy of the combined treatment of GSI I with 5-FU. Therefore, we suggest that further clinical trials examining the potential of combined GSI I and 5-FU treatment in gastric cancer patients be undertaken.</P>
Characterization of Carbon Monoxide Fatalities by Metabolomics
Ju, Hyun Kyoung,Nam, Geum Mun,Min, Ji-Sook,Pyo, Jae Sung,Kang, Jae Seon Taylor Francis 2016 Analytical letters Vol.49 No.12
<P>Metabolite profiling of postmortem blood in carbon monoxide poisoning cases was performed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry based on metabolomics. All data were processed with an automated mass spectral deconvolution and identification system and the metabolites were characterized using the National Institute of Standards and Technology library. Discriminant analysis was performed and the carbon monoxide-induced biomarkers were determined with a variable importance parameter in the projection plot obtained from partial least square discriminant analysis. This metabolomics approach, including global metabolites profiling, is useful in improving the interpretation of metabolism in carbon monoxide poisoning deaths.</P>
Global Well-Posedness for Higher-Order Schrödinger Equations in Weighted L2 Spaces
Koh, Youngwoo,Seo, Ihyeok Taylor Francis 2015 Communications in partial differential equations Vol.40 No.10
<P>We obtain the global well-posedness for Schrodinger equations of higher orders in weighted L-2 spaces. This is based on weighted L-2 Strichartz estimates for the corresponding propagator with higher-order dispersion. Our method is also applied to the Airy equation which is the linear component of Korteweg-de Vries type equations.</P>