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Asymptotic aspect of derivations in Banach algebras
Roh, Jaiok,Chang, Ick-Soon Springer International Publishing 2017 Journal of inequalities and applications Vol.2017 No.1
<P>We prove that every approximate linear left derivation on a semisimple Banach algebra is continuous. Also, we consider linear derivations on Banach algebras and we first study the conditions for a linear derivation on a Banach algebra. Then we examine the functional inequalities related to a linear derivation and their stability. We finally take central linear derivations with radical ranges on semiprime Banach algebras and a continuous linear generalized left derivation on a semisimple Banach algebra.</P>
Han, Chung Hun,Park, Jae Woo Springer International Publishing 2018 Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry Vol.316 No.3
<P>This study analyzed the concentrations of potassium, thorium and uranium of the atmospheric PM<SUB>10</SUB> aerosols which were collected at Gosan of Jeju Island during the year of 2014. The mean mass concentration of PM<SUB>10</SUB> was 47.31 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>. The mean radioactive concentrations of <SUP>40</SUP>K, <SUP>232</SUP>Th and <SUP>238</SUP>U were 7.89, 0.25 and 0.30 μBq/m<SUP>3</SUP>, respectively. The <SUP>232</SUP>Th/<SUP>238</SUP>U activity concentration ratio of PM<SUB>10</SUB> was 0.830. The <SUP>232</SUP>Th/<SUP>238</SUP>U ratio during Asian Dust days is 1.073, which is higher than those in other atmospheric conditions. The concentration ratio of <SUP>232</SUP>Th/<SUP>238</SUP>U was 0.902 in China continent.</P>
The inverses of tails of the Riemann zeta function
Kim, Donggyun,Song, Kyunghwan Springer International Publishing 2018 Journal of inequalities and applications Vol.2018 No.1
<P>We present some bounds of the inverses of tails of the Riemann zeta function on [FORMULA OMISSION] and compute the integer parts of the inverses of tails of the Riemann zeta function for [FORMULA OMISSION], and [FORMULA OMISSION].</P>
A note on some identities of derangement polynomials
Kim, Taekyun,Kim, Dae San,Jang, Gwan-Woo,Kwon, Jongkyum Springer International Publishing 2018 Journal of inequalities and applications Vol.2018 No.1
<P>The problem of counting derangements was initiated by Pierre Rémond de Montmort in 1708 (see Carlitz in Fibonacci Q. 16(3):255–258, 1978, Clarke and Sved in Math. Mag. 66(5):299–303, 1993, Kim, Kim and Kwon in Adv. Stud. Contemp. Math. (Kyungshang) 28(1):1–11 2018. A derangement is a permutation that has no fixed points, and the derangement number [FORMULA OMISSION] is the number of fixed-point-free permutations on an <I>n</I> element set. In this paper, we study the derangement polynomials and investigate some interesting properties which are related to derangement numbers. Also, we study two generalizations of derangement polynomials, namely higher-order and <I>r</I>-derangement polynomials, and show some relations between them. In addition, we express several special polynomials in terms of the higher-order derangement polynomials by using umbral calculus.</P>
Existence of nontrivial weak solutions for a quasilinear Choquard equation
Lee, Jongrak,Kim, Jae-Myoung,Bae, Jung-Hyun,Park, Kisoeb Springer International Publishing 2018 Journal of inequalities and applications Vol.2018 No.1
<P>We are concerned with the following quasilinear Choquard equation: \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$ -\Delta_{p} u+V(x)|u|^{p-2}u=\lambda\bigl(I_{\alpha} \ast F(u)\bigr)f(u) \quad \text{in } \mathbb {R}^{N}, \qquad F(t)= \int_{0}^{t}f(s) \,ds, $$\end{document}−<SUB>Δp</SUB>u+V(x)<SUP>|u|p−2</SUP>u=λ(<SUB>Iα</SUB>∗F(u))f(u)in <SUP>RN</SUP>,F(t)=∫0tf(s)ds, where [FORMULA OMISSION], [FORMULA OMISSION] is the <I>p</I>-Laplacian operator, the potential function [FORMULA OMISSION] is continuous and [FORMULA OMISSION]. Here, [FORMULA OMISSION] is the Riesz potential of order [FORMULA OMISSION]. We study the existence of weak solutions for the problem above via the mountain pass theorem and the fountain theorem. Furthermore, we address the behavior of weak solutions to the problem near the origin under suitable assumptions for the nonlinear term <I>f</I>.</P>
Consumption-portfolio choice with subsistence consumption and risk aversion change at retirement
Springer International Publishing 2018 Journal of inequalities and applications Vol.2018 No.1
<P>This paper considers subsistence consumption of an economic agent both before and after retirement in analyzing the optimal consumption, portfolio, and retirement problem. We allow the relative risk aversion of the economic agent to make a one-off jump at retirement. With a Cobb–Douglas utility function, we obtain explicit expressions for the optimal policies. Numerical results show that, whereas post-retirement subsistence consumption tends to delay retirement, pre-retirement subsistence consumption and the magnitude of jump in relative risk aversion may stimulate early retirement. Also, the consumption drop at retirement deepens as post-retirement subsistence consumption increases, but it weakens as pre-retirement subsistence consumption increases.</P>
Kwon, Dae-Jin,Kim, Dong-Hwan,Hwang, In-Sul,Kim, Dong-Ern,Kim, Hyung-Joo,Kim, Jang-Seong,Lee, Kichoon,Im, Gi-Sun,Lee, Jeong-Woong,Hwang, Seongsoo Springer International Publishing 2017 Transgenic research Vol.26 No.1
<P>Recent progress in genetic manipulation of pigs designated for xenotransplantation ha6s shown considerable promise on xenograft survival in primates. However, genetic modification of multiple genes in donor pigs by knock-out and knock-in technologies, aiming to enhance immunological tolerance against transplanted organs in the recipients, has not been evaluated for health issues of donor pigs. We produced transgenic Massachusetts General Hospital piglets by knocking-out the α-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GT) gene and by simultaneously knocking-in an expression cassette containing five different human genes including, DAF, CD39, TFPI, C1 inhibitor (C1-INH), and TNFAIP3 (A20) [GT<SUP>−(DAF/CD39/TFPI/C1-INH/TNFAIP3)/+</SUP>] that are connected by 2A peptide cleavage sequences to release individual proteins from a single translational product. All five individual protein products were successfully produced as determined by western blotting of umbilical cords from the newborn transgenic pigs. Although gross observation and histological examination revealed no significant pathological abnormality in transgenic piglets, hematological examination found that the transgenic piglets had abnormally low numbers of platelets and WBCs, including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes. However, transgenic piglets had similar numbers of RBC and values of parameters related to RBC compared to the control littermate piglets. These data suggest that transgenic expression of those human genes in pigs impaired hematopoiesis except for erythropoiesis. In conclusion, our data suggest that transgenic expression of up to five different genes can be efficiently achieved and provide the basis for determining optimal dosages of transgene expression and combinations of the transgenes to warrant production of transgenic donor pigs without health issues.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11248-016-9979-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
Detailed analysis of the plasma extracellular vesicle proteome after separation from lipoproteins
Karimi, Nasibeh,Cvjetkovic, Aleksander,Jang, Su Chul,Crescitelli, Rossella,Hosseinpour Feizi, Mohammad Ali,Nieuwland, Rienk,Lö,tvall, Jan,Lä,sser, Cecilia Springer International Publishing 2018 Cellular and molecular life sciences Vol.75 No.15
<P>The isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from blood is of great importance to understand the biological role of circulating EVs and to develop EVs as biomarkers of disease. Due to the concurrent presence of lipoprotein particles, however, blood is one of the most difficult body fluids to isolate EVs from. The aim of this study was to develop a robust method to isolate and characterise EVs from blood with minimal contamination by plasma proteins and lipoprotein particles. Plasma and serum were collected from healthy subjects, and EVs were isolated by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), with most particles being present in fractions 8–12, while the bulk of the plasma proteins was present in fractions 11–28. Vesicle markers peaked in fractions 7–11; however, the same fractions also contained lipoprotein particles. The purity of EVs was improved by combining a density cushion with SEC to further separate lipoprotein particles from the vesicles, which reduced the contamination of lipoprotein particles by 100-fold. Using this novel isolation procedure, a total of 1187 proteins were identified in plasma EVs by mass spectrometry, of which several proteins are known as EV-associated proteins but have hitherto not been identified in the previous proteomic studies of plasma EVs. This study shows that SEC alone is unable to completely separate plasma EVs from lipoprotein particles. However, combining SEC with a density cushion significantly improved the separation of EVs from lipoproteins and allowed for a detailed analysis of the proteome of plasma EVs, thus making blood a viable source for EV biomarker discovery.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (10.1007/s00018-018-2773-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
Cosmology and fundamental physics with the Euclid satellite
Amendola, Luca,Appleby, Stephen,Avgoustidis, Anastasios,Bacon, David,Baker, Tessa,Baldi, Marco,Bartolo, Nicola,Blanchard, Alain,Bonvin, Camille,Borgani, Stefano,Branchini, Enzo,Burrage, Clare,Camera, Springer International Publishing 2018 Living reviews in relativity Vol.21 No.1
<P>Euclid is a European Space Agency medium-class mission selected for launch in 2020 within the cosmic vision 2015–2025 program. The main goal of Euclid is to understand the origin of the accelerated expansion of the universe. Euclid will explore the expansion history of the universe and the evolution of cosmic structures by measuring shapes and red-shifts of galaxies as well as the distribution of clusters of galaxies over a large fraction of the sky. Although the main driver for Euclid is the nature of dark energy, Euclid science covers a vast range of topics, from cosmology to galaxy evolution to planetary research. In this review we focus on cosmology and fundamental physics, with a strong emphasis on science beyond the current standard models. We discuss five broad topics: dark energy and modified gravity, dark matter, initial conditions, basic assumptions and questions of methodology in the data analysis. This review has been planned and carried out within Euclid’s Theory Working Group and is meant to provide a guide to the scientific themes that will underlie the activity of the group during the preparation of the Euclid mission.</P>