프로바이오틱스 안전성 평가를 위한 항생제 저항성 유전자의 생물정보학적 분석법 비교

곽우리,김병용 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2022 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.8 No.1

The detection of the genome-based antibiotic resistance gene is an essential analysis process for the purpose of verifying the safety of probiotic strains, including lactic acid bacteria. In this study, 4 analysis platforms (AMRFinderPlus, staramr, rgi, ABRicate) were used for cross-comparison of 782 genomes corresponding to 19 kinds of probiotic species notified as functional foods. As a result of the analysis, the relatively fewest number of antibiotic resistance genes were detected in strains belonging to the order Lactobacillales, and antibiotic resistance genes were detected in 322 genomes used in the case of 2 types of Enterococcus genus. In addition, the presence and type of antibiotic resistance gene detection showed a lot of difference even for the same genome sequence depending on the database and analysis algorithm used by the analysis platform. These results can be confused in evaluating the potential for transmission of antibiotic resistance genes inherent in specific lactic acid bacteria and predicting potential risks that may occur in the future. Accordingly, it is judged that the antibiotic resistance gene-related analysis criteria need to be established more clearly and specifically in the safety evaluation of probiotic bacteria.

반려동물과 프로바이오틱스

조석철 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2024 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.10 No.2

Companion animals, which help people in various aspects, are a part of the family and the market related to companion animals is expanding to all industries. Among them, pet food is growing both domestically and globally, focusing on advanced feed and functional supplements. With human and pet food becoming increasingly vigilant, probiotics, which have become common as raw materials for health functional foods, are being applied as pet food and supplements. In the field of probiotics research, where research on human digestive health, strengthening immunity, and improving mental health continues, it is similarly applied to companion animals, and by controlling the intestinal flora, it is showing effects such as alleviating joint inflammation, stabilizing bowel patterns, reducing smell, preventing skin diseases, and relieving stress responses, especially solving problems that are diversified with aging. In the research and development of probiotics for companion animals after resistance, species-specific design taking into account differences in digestive and intestinal environments, and interactions with specific health problems and diets of companion animals should be continuously considered.

김치에서 분리한 유산균의 생리적 특성 및 지방축적억제 효과

최성원,정은아 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2022 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.8 No.2

In this study, probiotic properties such as acid resistance, bile tolerance, intestinal adhesion and fat accumulation inhibition of lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi were investigated in order to develop probiotics effective anti-adipogenic effects. Among the 120 types of lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi, 42 types of lactic acid bacteria being to acid resistance, 35 types of lactic acid bacteria being to bile resistance, and 24 types of lactic acid bacteria being to both acid resistance and bile resistance were selected. These 24 types were tested for the intestinal adhesion ability which is an essential factor of probiotics’ function and L. rhamnosus GG was used as a positive control in this test. 10 types of lactic acid bacteria having the intestinal adhesion ability were selected. The selected 10 types of lactic acid bacteria were treated in 3T3-L1 cells and intracellular fat was stained with Oil Red O reagent to measure fat accumulation. As a result, in the group treated with lactic acid bacteria OS-15, 48, 102 and 120, fat accumulation was significantly decreased compared with the non-treated group. And the strain OS-48 showed the greatest inhibitory effect on fat accumulation. The lactic acid bacterium OS-48 was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum by analysis based on 16S rRNA sequencing and was named Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OS-48. Therefore, based on the results of this study, L. plantarum OS-48 is expected to be very useful as probiotics with anti-obesity effect in the food industry such as fermented food and functional food.

Bacillus licheniformis와 Lactobacillus casei 2단 발효에 의해 조제된 효소식품

강조은(Jo-Eun Kang),문기성(Gi-Seong Moon) 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2016 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.4 No.2

1-B-12 strain presenting α-amylase and protease activity was isolated from a local Doenjang product. The strain was identified as Bacillus licheniformis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and named B. licheniformis 1-B-12. A combination of raw materials with unpolished rice (50%), rice bran (30%), and soybean (20%) was best for the enzyme activities. A lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus casei GW140 was applied for co-culture with B. licheniformis 1-B-12 aiming at the production of a function-added enzyme food. Two-step fermentation, where 24 h fermentation with B. licheniformis 1-B-12 and additional 12 h fermentation with L. casei GW140 were performed, resulted in maintenance of both of the enzyme activities and high level of lactic acid bacteria cell count. Furthermore the freeze-dried enzyme food sample was stable at 25℃ for 45 d which was the last day we tested.

목초액에서 분리한 Cytobacillus 속 2균주의 특성 연구

조석철,이용직 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2022 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.8 No.2

This study aimed to isolate and identify the new strains which can be utilized in fermentation process for the production of functional materials. Isolation of the new microorganism in wood vinegar, natural liquid material generated from the carbonization of various trees was studied. Marine agar medium was used for the isolation of halo-tolerant bacteria. Using a sterilized toothpick, transfer same shape colonies to agar plates and continuous cultivation of colonies at 37℃ for several days, 2 colonies were isolated. Through the 16S-based ID service, isolated strains were identified as Cytobacillus species. Verifying the industrial values of the two isolated strains, the productivities of various enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease were confirmed. As a result, isolated 2 strains showed amylase and protease activities which means the possibility of applying to biological processes in the food and cosmetic industries.

참조기 내장에서 분리한 균주들의 옥신과 세포외 가수분해효소 활성 분석

김명기(Myong Ki Kim),이상재(Sang-Jae Lee),이용직(Yong-Jik Lee) 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2023 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.9 No.1

This research focused on the isolation and characterization of the new strains which can be used as microbial resources for auxin production in the agriculture industry. For the isolation of the new microorganism in the gut of Larimichthys polyactis, a marine agar medium was used and 3 colonies were isolated. Through the 16S-based ID service, isolated strains were identified as 1 strain of Niallia circulans and 3 strains of Proteus mirabilis. Verifying the agriculture industrial values of these isolated strains, the productivity of auxin and activity of various enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease were confirmed. As a result, isolated 3 strains showed auxin activity and only protease activities which means the possibility of applying them to the production of effective microorganisms in the agriculture industry.

김치 유래 Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 사균체의 항산화 및 항염 효과

유청빈,이은수,이민경,이가영,박훈 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2022 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.8 No.2

The aim of this study was to evaluate the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kimchi and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of heat-killed LAB strains. Regarding probiotic properties, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SMF398 and L. plantarum SMF470 isolated from kimchi can survive under artificial gastric condition and adhere strongly to HT-29 cells. The SMF398 and SMF470 strains showed strong antimicrobial activity and co-aggregation against pathogenic bacteria. The heat-killed cells of LAB (1 mg/mL) were prepared by heating at 121℃ for 15 min. MTT assay revealed that the heat-killed cells (1 mg/mL) of SMF398 and SMF470 were not toxic to HT-29 cells. The heat-killed SMF398 and SMF470 showed significantly higher DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities as well as β- carotene bleaching inhibitory activity than the heat-killed L. plantarum ATCC14917, a control probiotic strain (p<0.05). In lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells, the heat-killed SMF398 and SMF470 significantly reduced the nitric oxide production by 30.92% and 22.81%, respectively (p<0.05). Furthermore, the heat-killed SMF398 and SMF470 significantly decreased the gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 up to 58.02%, 67.70%, 53.44%, 45.90%, respectively (p<0.05). These results suggest that the heat-killed L. plantarum SMF398 and L. plantarum SMF470 might be useful as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

Leuconostoc mesenteroides CJNU 0147 균주를 적용한 발효 자몽추출물의 장내 유해세균 억제 및 비피도박테리아 증식 효과

오승준,김자이,김혜련,문기성 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2022 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.8 No.2

Grapefruit extract rich in functional substances adjusting pH 5.0 and adding sucrose (final concentration, 2%) was fermented by Leuconostoc mesenteroides CJNU 0147 strain, consequently prepared a fermented grapefruit extract containing dextran. As a result of analyzing the growth inhibitory effect on gut harmful bacterium Clostridium difficile strain using the prepared fermented grapefruit extract, the viable cell count was significantly reduced (p<0.05 vs. control for 0.5 brix as a final concentration; p<0.001 vs. control for 1.0 brix). On the other hand, the proliferative ability of the extract for Bifidobacterium breve strain, which is one of the species of the genus Bifidobacterium well known as human gut beneficial bacteria, was confirmed (p<0.001 vs. control for both 0.5 and 1.0 brix). These results indicate fermented grapefruit extract with Leu. mesenteroides CJNU 0147 strain inhibits the growth of gut harmful bacterium C. difficile and promotes the proliferation of beneficial bacterium B. breve and is expected to be used as a functional food material for gut health.

Aspergillus niger를 이용한 곡류발효물의 배양특성 및 α-Glucosidase 활성 저해효과

지수빈,라채훈 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2022 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.8 No.2

Liquid-state fermentation (LSF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) were carried out to produce enzymes and β-glucan. The modified synthetic medium composition in liquid-state fermentation (LSF) was determined to be 5% (w/v) whole oat flour, 2% (w/v) tryptone, and 2% (w/v) rice bran. The different humidity conditions of oat by solid-state fermentation were evaluated in terms of maximum production of fungal biomass, amylase, protease, and β-glucan, which were 0.23 mg/g, 7,157.38 U/g, 413.67 U/g, and 8.26% (w/w), respectively, at 60% of humidity condition. Moreover, α-glucosidase inhibition activities of fermented oat with 60% humidity at 48 h were shown to be high 49.08% (w/w). Therefore, liquid- and solid-state fermentation processes were found to enhance the overall fermentation yields of oat to produce enzymes and β-glucan.

상황버섯(Phellinus baumii) 균사체 액체배양 포스트바이오틱스의 면역자극활성

김연숙,신현영,김훈,정은진,구자평,하은지,김가을에,정세빈,서형주,신광순,유광원 한국유산균프로바이오틱스학회 2022 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.8 No.2

After liquid culture of Phellinus baumii (P. baumii) mycelium (LPBM) was prepared, LPBM was fractionated into A∼E fraction (A; hot-water extract of liquid culture including mycelia, B; crude polysaccharide of A, C; hot-water extract of mycelia, D; crude polysaccharide of C, and E; crude polysaccharide of culture broth) to evaluate for possibility as functional materials with immunostimulatory activity. In macrophage stimulatory activity, E fraction as postbiotics significantly increased secretion of NO and IL-12 from RAW 264.7 cells. Next, when the splenocytes of C3H/HeN mice were primary cultured, E fraction showed significantly mitogenic activity with enhancing mitogen-related cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α) production from splenocyte. E fraction also potently stimulated GM-CSF production from Peyer’s patch cells as well as Peyer’s patch-mediated bone marrow cell proliferation. In addition, the immunostimularoy E fraction contained neutral sugar (73.8%), uronic acid (10.6%), protein (7.8%), and polyphenol (7.5%), and mainly consisted of glucose (39.1%), galactose (21.7%), mannose (11.1%), galacturonic acid (9.9%), and arabinose (8.9%) as component sugars. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that postbiotics including exopolysaccharide fractionated from liquid culture of the P. baumii mycelium could enhanced immunostimulatory activity.