멜라민과의 초음파 분산을 통해 질소 도핑된 탄소나노튜브의 열전지 전극 특성 연구

김선연 전북대학교 대학원 2024 국내석사

Thermocells are recognized as effective means of utilizing thermal energy by converting it into electrical energy through the Seebeck effect. To address low conversion efficiency and power density issues, research has focused on carbon nanomaterials with large surface areas and high electron transfer rates. In this study, our aim was to enhance the electrochemical properties of electrodes by nitrogen doping. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated as thermal battery electrodes using melamine as the nitrogen source. Mechanical mixing of melamine and CNTs was followed by tip sonication and stirring, and doping was carried out through heat treatment at 800°C under N2 atmosphere for 2 hours. The prepared nitrogen-doped CNTs were characterized for surface eara and nitrogen content using XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and SEM. Electrochemical tests, including voltage-current graphs, power density-current graphs, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and internal resistance measurements, were conducted. Results showed that research utilizing carbon nanomaterials with large surface areas and high electron transfer rates led to significant advancements in thermocell technology. Specifically, nitrogen-doped samples exhibited significantly lower resistance in electrochemical tests compared to undoped samples, with samples treated using the tip sonication method showing the lowest charge transfer resistance. This highlights the importance of nitrogen doping and oxygen content in enhancing the electrochemical performance of thermocells.

노로바이러스 대체 모델인 쥐과 노로바이러스에 대한 마디풀 (Polygonum aviculare) 추출물의 항바이러스 활성 연구

한지혜 전북대학교 대학원 2024 국내석사

Norovirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide with no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs. Polygonum aviculare is a medicinal plant with various physiological activities. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of Polygonum aviculare extract (PAE) and its single compounds against murine norovirus (MNV-1), a human norovirus surrogate. The pre-incubation of MNV-1 with PAE established the IC50 value of 78.4 μg/mL. TEM images demonstrated viral morphological changes after the PAE treatment, providing visual evidence of the PAE antiviral effect. Experiments at various temperature conditions indicated the highest viral stability at 4℃ and significant reduction at all temperature conditions upon a 1 h PAE treatment of 100 and 200 μg/mL. Time of addition assay results demonstrated PAE antiviral activity in cell pre-, co-, and post-treatments, with a slightly higher activity in the case of cell pre-treatment. The major compounds in PAE were identified using HPLC and LC-QTOF/MS analysis, and seven single compounds were selected to investigate antiviral activity. As a result, the antiviral efficacy of 100 μM myricetin was confirmed in co-treatment. To assess the efficacy of the application in food, the surface of cabbage was inoculated with MNV-1. The results confirmed that the antiviral activity of PAE is maintained on food surfaces. This study suggests that PAE effectively inactivates norovirus and indicates its potential as a natural antiviral agent.

근로 환경 변화에 따른 딥러닝 클라우드 서비스를 활용한 캐릭터 애니메이션 리타겟팅

전효경 전북대학교 대학원 2024 국내석사

The spread of ‘Telecommuting’ after COVID-19 is an inevitable phenomenon, and in countries like South Korea where commuting time is long and IT infrastructure is well developed, the transition of work methods is easier. While game companies quickly adopted telecommuting, challenges persist in the animation production industry. There is a need for an efficient workflow system suitable for the current environment, and utilizing ‘deep learning’ cloud services could be a viable alternative to address the problems in the animation production industry. The purpose of this study is to explore the most effective workflow process suitable for current technology and circumstances, in order to propose a new workflow system. The research method involves using comparative and analytical methods and validating hypotheses through production experiments. The first hypothesis suggests that there will be differences in animation production elements when utilizing ‘Deep Learning’ cloud services. Comparison and analysis of the average measured data revealed the largest difference in animation production methods, with Blender taking 39 minutes and 12 seconds, while Mixamo took 2 seconds, showing a difference of over 1000 times. The second hypothesis suggests differences in productivity and efficiency depending on the platform. Calculations of the ratio of the number of animation outputs to costs within a specified time frame showed that efficiency on the ‘Deep Learning’ platform was 40%, and productivity was 1.4%. Productivity was approximately 20 times higher, and efficiency was approximately 10 times higher on the ‘Deep Learning’ platform. The third hypothesis suggests that there will be pros and cons depending on the platform, and analysis through graphs revealed that each platform had pros and cons based on technology. Thus, utilizing ‘Deep Learning’ cloud services for animation retargeting reduces time and effort in animation production, resulting in increased productivity and efficiency. This technological advancement and dissemination streamline the animation production process, allowing workers to allocate more time to creative tasks. Furthermore, it lays the groundwork for human-machine collaboration in the future, establishing new professions by lowering the barrier to entry into animation production technology. This research is significant in forecasting the future of the character animation industry and proposing a new workflow system to address the shortcomings of existing work methods.

경골 평탄화 절골술용 범용톱날가이드의 평가 : 생체외 연구

정승훈 전북대학교 대학원 2024 국내석사

Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is one of the most common orthopedic conditions in dogs. Various surgical techniques have been described for treating this condition, and Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) is one of the most widely performed procedures. TPLO involves a radial osteotomy of the proximal tibia to rotate the tibial plateau, neutralizing the cranial tibial thrust, and precise preoperative planning and execution are associated with maximizing outcomes. Inaccurate osteotomy and orientation of the osteotomy can lead to complications such as malalignment, inaccurate leveling, Therefore, precise osteotomy is crucial in increasing the success rate of TPLO and reducing the risk of complications. However, performing an accurate osteotomy can be challenging due to the morphological characteristics of the tibia. performing an accurate osteotomy can be challenging due to the morphological characteristics of the tibia. Therefore, this study was designed to address the limitations of existing assistive devices for osteotomy by creating a universal saw guide, and to compare its accuracy with that of traditional surgical methods when used. In this study, TPLO was performed on both 20 3D-printed bone models and 10 cadaver models, dividing the groups into those using a universal saw guide without a jig and those using traditional TPLO with a jig. In the bone models, evaluations were conducted on the inclination of the osteotomy, torsion of the osteotomy, iatrogenic medial cortical damage, and the comparison between intended and actual osteotomy centers. In the cadaver models, assessments included the inclination of the osteotomy, torsion of the osteotomy, postoperative tibial plateau angles, the comparison between intended and actual osteotomy centers, deviations in angular deformities, and the time taken for device applicating and osteotomy. In the bone models, the inclination of the osteotomy, torsion of the osteotomy, iatrogenic medial cortical damage, were more accurately performed in the universal saw guide group. In the cadaver studies, it was also confirmed that the inclination of the osteotomy, torsion of the osteotomy was more accurately performed in the universal saw guide group. In this study, using the universal saw guide during TPLO performed more anatomically accurate inclination of the osteotomy, torsion of the osteotomy, iatrogenic medial cortical damage compared to the traditional TPLO with a jig. Consequently, it was confirmed that using the universal saw guide results in more accurate osteotomy compared to traditional TPLO with a jig, thereby reducing various complications that can arise from inaccurate osteotomy.

중·후기 노인 당뇨병 환자의 연속혈당측정기 수용성과 사용성 경험

김한진 전북대학교 대학원 2024 국내석사

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to understand the challenges and experiences encountered by in the middle-old and oldest-old adults with diabetes in utilizing Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) systems. This research aims to analyze these experiences through the lenses of acceptability and usability, providing a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing the integration of CGM in their daily management of diabetes. Method : Employing a qualitative research approach, data was collected from 14 middle-old and oldest-old adults with diabetes through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were structured around the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) and included elements from the System Usability Scale (SUS) to evaluate acceptability and usability. Transcripts were analyzed using a thematic qualitative analysis method to identify key statements related to CGM experiences. Result : The study identified four main themes: 'Technical Challenges and Acceptability,' 'Barriers to CGM Use in Older Adults', 'Duality of CGM Impact,' and 'Psychological and Emotional Responses,' along with 12 sub-themes. While CGM significantly enhanced glucose management awareness and promoted healthier lifestyle changes, it also induced psychological stress from constant monitoring. Participants noted several barriers such as the inconvenience of carrying and charging a mobile device, complex device operations, and difficulties using educational materials due to visual impairments. The high cost of CGM device was seen as a substantial economic barrier, underscoring the necessity for financial interventions like broader insurance coverage for type 2 diabetes. Conclusion : This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive technical, educational, and financial support to facilitate effective CGM usage in the middle-old and oldest-old adults with diabetes. Recommendations to improve usage include the adoption of wearable devices or dedicated receivers, extended battery life, user-friendly interfaces with larger fonts and clearer visual presentations, and enhanced insurance coverage for type 2 diabetes care. Implementing these measures could markedly improve diabetes management and the quality of life for this demographic.

시간 분해 X-선 결정학을 이용한 발색단 유입된 메타로돕신 II의 구조적 통찰

장기영 전북대학교 대학원 2024 국내박사

Rhodopsin, the receptor responsible for low-light vision in vertebrates, is predominantly found in the disc membrane of rod cells within the retina. It is composed of an apoprotein called opsin and chromophore that forms a covalent bond with 11-cis retinal and/or all-trans retinal. It is the first G protein-coupled receptor whose crystal structure has been reported. Its crystal structure has revealed that it consists of 348 amino acid residues, encompassing seven alpha helical transmembrane segments. Its structure is influenced by the isomerization of its chromophore, 11-cis retinal. Upon light absorption, 11-cis retinal photoisomerizes to all-trans retinal; consequently, the rhodopsin structure changes into photoproducts. The inactive rhodopsin structurally changes into the active metarhodopsin II state. Then, all-trans retinol dissociates from metarhodopsin II; thus, metarhodopsin II is converted to the apo-protein opsin. Opsin is regenerated into rhodopsin via recombination with 11-cis retinal. In this study, opsin crystals were soaked with the chromophore all-trans retinal at various time points and frozen; then, their X-ray data were collected and analyzed to investigate the dynamics of the chromophore within the channel and to examine the structural changes in the retinal binding site of opsin. Results revealed that after 24 h of soaking, retinal formed a Schiff’s base with Lys 296; around this time, n-octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (β-OG), which was initially bound to the opsin channel, dissociated from the channel and bound near the entrance of the exit. Although the entire process of retinal binding and β-OG dissociation could not be tracked at different soaking time points, the remarkable findings obtained in this process suggested that they could be tracked using alternative research methods. such as retinal fluorescence labeling experiment.

여중생의 교복 디자인 선호도와 체형 유형에 따른 패턴 설계

김주연 전북대학교 대학원 2008 국내박사

It was study of school uniform pattern for middle school girls somatotypes to understand the preferences and satisfaction of school uniform design of middle school girls and research and analyze the somatotype of middle school girls to suggest uniform pattern that corresponds with school girls' aesthetic sense of value and fits good on body. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Middle school girls dissatisfied highly on design of present uniforms and they wanted to be altered was design with highest rate. So there should be some improvement in design. The items that need alternating were design, various size, and colors order. In detail, they wanted to change designs of collar and waist line etc. About items of the material, color and details, the preference to synthetic fiber was the highest which does not wrinkle easily and solid color without any pattern and different colors for each jacket and skirt were the highest preference. And the favorite items for uniform they chose were black jacket and grey skirt. About Jackets, they wanted tailored collar, one button double adjust and waist long jacket combination. About Skirts, they wanted grey color, over knee length, and box-pleated skirt with stitches line combination. So there should be improvement in design reflected of their preference. 2. The somatotypes of the middle school girls were intended to be categorized for the highly applicable clothes design that reflects the clothes design. For this, the 3 middle schools in Jeonju were selected for anthropometric measurement of 317 middle school girls between the age of 12-15. The items of measurement are related to the body shape of middle school girls, clothes design and size system which is consisted of total of 50 items. For the basic data of clothes design was judged that the classification of the body shapes related to the tops and bottoms would be rational; hence, it is classified into the upper part and lower part of the body to extract the body shape consistent factor. As a result of analyzing the factors, the upper body consistent was extracted as the 4 items: upper body circumference, upper body length, breast development, and arm length. It was displayed as 75.26% explicability. The lower body consistent factors are extracted as lower body height, lower body circumference, hip length, and rear shape with 78.62% explicability. To categorize the body shape of upper body and lower body, each factor score is made into the independent variable for group analysis. As a result, the upper body was classified into the ‘upper body with small breast and long’ with weak development of horizontal factors and long arms and ‘upper body with big breast’ with relatively short arts and developed breasts. The lower body was categorized as ‘lower body with long hip length’ with large and long hip length compared to other body shape and ‘standard lowerbody’ body shape which the horizontal and perpendicular items all showed smaller value compared to the glamour body shape. 3. This study designed and presented the jacket and skirt pattern that is suitable for the physical figure of middle school girls, providing a good fit and appearance. It finally designed the jacket and skirt pattern, after passing through the measurement value of the test study, and the primary and secondary dressing test. Based on these experiments a new jacket and skirt pattern are created with the features as shown in the following. 1) The jacket pattern for ‘upper body with small breast and long arm’ ① Waist back length was made actual size of the waist back length. ② The length of the jacket was made to cover the area 8.7cm below the waistline. ③ The armhole length was made 6.5cm longer than B/6, enhancing the appearance and functionality while allowing freer movement of the arms. ④ As for the front and back interscye breadths, the front interscye breadth was made 3.6cm larger than the B/6 while the back interscye breadth was B/6+4.6cm. ⑤ As for the front and back bust breadth, front bust breadth was B/4+2.5cm and back bust breadth was B/4+1.5cm. ⑥ The width of the back neck was applied 8.5cm. ⑦ As to the length of a nipple, shoulder, it applied the real measurement. ⑧ The waist breadth was made 4cm larger than the waist circumference measure(W/4+1cm) ⑨ As to the height of sleeve cap height, it set it to A.H/3+1 from the armhole of jacket pattern, and as for the height of a sleeve, it applied the measurement of the sleeve length, 2) The jacket pattern for ‘upper body with big breast’ ① Waist back length was made actual size of the waist back length. ② The length of the jacket was made to cover the area 9.5cm below the waistline. ③ The armhole length was made 6.5cm longer than B/6, enhancing the appearance and functionality while allowing freer movement of the arms. ④ As for the front and back interscye breadths, the front interscye breadth was made 5cm larger than the B/6 while back interscye breadth was B/6+4cm. ⑤ As for the front and back bust breadth, front and back bust breadth was B/4+2.5cm. 3) The skirt pattern for 'lower body with long hip length’ ① The front and back hip breadth was made H/4+1cm ② The waist breadth was W/4+dart+1cm, the dart breadth was 1.5cm 4) The skirt pattern for 'standard lower body’ ① The front hip breadth was H/4+1.7cm, the back hip breadth was H/4+0.7cm ② The waist breadth was W/4+dart+1cm, the dart breadth was 1.5cm With the resulting clothing, it is hoped that middle school girls would be able to develop an improved sense of social stability. Also it is expected that the clothing industry would find this pattern a helpful tool in their pursuit of satisfying the demand of the middle school girls.

인공 지능 플랫폼을 이용한 후성유전학적 변형의 인실리코 예측 및 통합 분석

레흐만모빈우르 전북대학교 일반대학원 2023 국내박사

The analysis of persistent phenotypic changes that do not entail alterations to the DNA sequence is recognized as epigenetics. genetic modification holds a dominant role in controlling different biological functions, i.e., DNA replication, DNA repair, gene regulations and gene expression levels. Furthermore, new research has linked the aberrant state of methylation to human cancer and other diseases. Precise information about alteration locations in a genome may help us comprehend epigenetic patterns and a variety of biological roles. Several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of discovering such locations using experimental approaches like as high throughput sequencing technology, however, the techniques are arduous (requiring significant work and time) and expensive. Due to these limitations of experimental techniques, in silico techniques for methylation identification have emerged as a viable option. Artificial intelligence-based models are considered to be promising in silico techniques and therefore numerous models are investigated in the literature. However, these models have several research gaps which include low performance, and a small training dataset resulting in generalizability deficiency. This dissertation proposes multiple computational approaches for the prediction and integrative analysis of epigenetic modifications. We developed efficient tools for analyzing different types of DNA/RNA methylation. Moreover for every methylation different species are taken into account. Where ever necessary, we have developed new or modified datasets to improve the efficacy of in silico techniques and open doors to set new trends in the field. Regarding DNA methylation tools are proposed for identifying DNA N6-methyladenine sites, N4-methylcytosine sites and CpG sites. While concerning RNA methylation, tools for the identification of 6-methyladenosine sites and N5-methylcytosine sites are presented. Machine learning approaches are used for N5-methylcytosine sites and CpG sites. Whereas deep neural networks are used for N6-methyladenine sites, N4-methylcytosine sites, 6-methyladenosine sites and N5-methylcytosine sites. The predicted findings of the proposed models were more positive and outstanding than previous techniques in the literature. It is so strongly anticipated that the created approach will be more beneficial and efficient for biological research and the biopharmaceutical sector in drug design. In summary, this thesis presents several machine learning and deep neural network-based models for analyzing different types of DNA/RNA methylation data and providing a platform for exploring the direct linkage between methylation and diseases by comprehending the complicated biological mechanisms that enable methylation.

FFS Mode LCD의 저주파구동에서 나타나는 Flexoelectric 현상 해석 및 화면 깜박임 현상 최소 방안 연구

박형수 전북대학교 일반대학원 2022 국내석사

디스플레이의 소비 전력을 줄이는 방법 중 하나는 구동 주파수를 낮추는 것이다. 이를위해 프린지 필드 스위칭 모드 디스플레이를 저주파로 구동할 때 액정의 탄성 변형이 프레임별로 변화하여 액정의 변형되 군집에 따른 부분 전하를 형성한다. 이 net polarization은 이미지 깜박임과 같은 이미지 품질 문제를 일으킵니다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 이미지 플리커를 줄이는 방법으로 최적의 물리적 조건을 찾기 위한 시뮬레이션을 수행한다. 그 결과, 셀 갭, 전극 폭 및 이들 사이의 거리와 같은 셀 파라미터를 제어함으로써 플렉소일렉트릭 효과에 의한 투과율 변화를 최소화한다.

다문화 청소년의 문화적응 스트레스가 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향: 이중문화 수용태도, 자아존중감, 사회적 위축의 순차적 다중 매개효과

김수미 전북대학교 일반대학원 2022 국내박사

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of acculturative stress on the life satisfaction of multicultural adolescents based on Roy’s Adaptation Model and previous studies, as well as the sequential multiple mediating effects of bicultural acceptance attitude, self-esteem, and social withdrawal in the relationship between the two. Methods: The descriptive correlation method is used to analyze. The target population is multicultural adolescents living in Korea, and the closed population is multicultural adolescents who participated in the sixth Multicultural Youth Panel Survey (2016), have a foreign mother and a Korean father, and are in their third year of middle school. The sample size is 1,163 people. The data analysis was performed using SPSS/WIN 26.0 and PROCESS macro V3.5 (released, May, 2020) programs. The hypothesis test was conducted using Hayes’ (2017) Process Macro model 81, with a 95.0% confidence interval and 10,000 times bootstrapping. Results: As multicultural adolescents’ acculturative stress decreased, bicultural acceptance attitude (B=0.17, p<.001) and their self-esteem increased (B=0.27, p<.001). Self-esteem also increased with the increase of bicultural acceptance attitude (B=0.49, p<.001). As the acculturative stress decreased, social withdrawal also decreased (B=0.32 p<.001), and as the bicultural acceptance attitude increased, social withdrawal decreased (B=0.16, p=.005). As the acculturative stress decreased, life satisfaction increased (B=0.13, p=.007), and as the bicultural acceptance attitude increased, life satisfaction increased (B=0.09, p=.030). As self-esteem increased, life satisfaction increased (B=0.41, p<.001), and as social withdrawal decreased, life satisfaction increased (B=0.05, p=.009). Bicultural acceptance attitude (B=0.02, Bootstrap 95% CI=.001∼.034), self-esteem (B=0.11, Bootstrap 95% CI=.073∼.153), and social withdrawal (B=0.02, Bootstrap 95% CI=.003∼.036) each had a single mediating effect on the relationship between acculturative stress and life satisfaction in multicultural adolescents. The sequential multiple mediating effect of bicultural acceptance attitude and self-esteem were confirmed as significant after analyzing them on the relationship between acculturative stress and life satisfaction (B=0.03, Bootstrap 95% CI=.020∼.051). Bicultural acceptance attitude and social withdrawal were found to have a significant sequential multiple mediating effect (B=0.001, Bootstrap 95% CI=.000∼.004). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that reducing acculturative stress is critical for improving multicultural adolescents’ life satisfaction. It was revealed that bicultural acceptance attitude, self-esteem, and social withdrawal had a single mediating or sequential multiple mediating effect on the relationship between acculturative stress and life satisfaction of multicultural adolescents. The findings, highlighting the mediating effects, indicate that increasing bicultural acceptance attitude and self-esteem, as well as reducing social withdrawal, are required for improving the life satisfaction of multicultural adolescents.