영구임대아파트 거주 노인의 사회복지관 이용실태와 만족도에 관한 연구 : 경주·포항지역을 중심으로

윤정은 동국대학교 사회과학대학원 2007 국내석사

The purpose of this study was to investigate the uses of and satisfaction with social welfare centers among seniors citizens living in permanent rental apartments. The results of the study would offer basic data in searching for the ways to improve the programs run by social welfare centers. As for methodology, both literature study and empirical study were conducted. The former reviewed the characteristics and needs of the elderly. And the latter consisted of a survey and personal interviews to understand how the elderly residents of permanent rental apartments were using the social welfare centers located on the compound. The research findings were as follows: First, the general characteristics of the subjects were examined. As a result, there were more women than men. The number of the elderly aged 75 or older was also big. The biggest number of them lived by themselves. The biggest percentage of those who lived with their families lived with their eldest sons' families. The majority of the subjects said they were not in good shape and mostly confessed they were not confident with their health conditions. Most of them maintained their everyday living with the help of the government as the receivers of the Basic Livelihood Security. They cited health and economic issues as their major life issues but were highly less motivated to get a job. Second, as for the period of their using the services at the social welfare centers, most of the Basic Livelihood Security beneficiaries used them for ten years or more. The female senior citizens aged 75 or older and living alone used the services almost every day. The reasons they cited were to resolve stress and make new friends. And it was the most often case that they started to visit the centers at the recommendation of their neighbors or friends. Third, their satisfaction level with the programs of the social welfare centers was investigated. The results suggest that they were the most satisfied with the meal service, which was followed by tourism for the elderly, feasts in honor of the aged, and health exercises for the elderly. Their preference for job information and senior college was relatively low. Despite the fact that they cited health and economic issues as their major life issues, they didn't display a high level of preference for job information and health exercises that could actually help them resolve those problems. Therefore, social welfare centers should prepare and operate such programs as can help them change their perceptions and induce their participation in a long term. Fourth, the analysis results of their satisfaction with the social welfare centers reveal that their satisfaction level with the staff and program personnel was the highest at 3.4965, which was followed by their satisfaction with the facilities and environment(M=3.4718). It is because great accessibility to those social welfare centers allowed them to visit them with ease and convenience. Meanwhile, they were less satisfied with the facility operation and management(M=3.2493) and the contents of the programs(M=3.0728), which implies that the centers should improve the kinds of program to keep abreast with the quality and supplement more facilities and personnel. A difference test was taken among the subjects. As a result, the female subjects showed more satisfaction with the social welfare centers than their male counterparts. Those who lived alone and with their families were also much satisfied with the centers, and so were those who had poor health. And those who didn't receive the Basic Livelihood Security were a little more satisfied with the centers than the beneficiaries. Another difference test was taken according to the age, monthly income, and monthly allowance of the subjects, and there was no significance difference. According to the types of the programs they took part in, they showed the highest level of satisfaction with the haircut and beauty service, which was followed by free meals, feasts in honor of the aged, and health programs in the order. Those who used the haircut and beauty service were more satisfied with the facilities and environments than those who used other programs. Based on those results, the following suggestions were made; first, the government should expand public assistance. It should diversify the selection and provision criteria of Basic Livelihood Security beneficiaries so that the elderly can have reasonable life supports. And the minimum cost of living needs to be proper and practical so that Basic Livelihood Security beneficiaries can have their income secured in old age. Second, social welfare centers should offer programs to help them resolve their health and financial issues. There are differences between those who receive the Basic Livelihood Security and those who don't receive in terms of the contents and focuses in using the programs at a social welfare center due to the economic and cultural differences. There should be such programs as will help the beneficiaries with their economic activities and psychological stability. As part of long-term social education, social welfare centers need to develop job education programs to help them get a job and earn money. And it's also important to run programs to promote their health in an ongoing manner and to encourage them to participate in them. Third, they should develop and distribute software for the Internet and video-based education. As more and more people live longer after they retire, it's increasingly necessary for senior citizens to obtain knowledge information and learn how to adapt to the changing society. They also need to work on the skills to deal with stressful social situations and overcome problems. In order to provide such social education, local social welfare centers should establish a system for video-based education, develop educational software, and offer chances for participation to those senior citizens who need education. And fourth, social welfare centers should prepare and run programs to encourage and support volunteer works of the elderly. They can have proper roles allocated to them according to their lifelong knowledge, experiences, and abilities and thus perform as suppliers rather than demanders of programs. Social welfare centers need to systemize and operate the opportunities to boost their pride.

基督敎 地域社會福祉 活性化 方案에 關한 硏究

안승군 동국대학교 사회과학대학원 2004 국내석사

21세기에 접어들면서 한국사회는 다양한 변화를 경험하고 있다. 이러한 다양한 변화는 사회전반에 걸쳐 나타나고 있으며 사람들의 생활 곳곳에 영향을 미치고 있다. 자본주의의 팽창은 인간을 더욱더 상대적으로 가난하게 만들고, 과학과 기술의 엄청난 발전은 인간을 사회로부터 소외시키고 있다. 또한 급격한 도시화는 집중된 도시문제를 양산시키고 반면에 농촌은 상대적으로 열등감과 피해의식에 빠져있다. 이러한 산업화, 정보화, 기계화의 거대한 물결은 현대사회에 많은 복지 문제를 만들어 내고 있다. 사회적 변화에 편승하지 못하는 대부분의 사람들에게 노인문제, 아동과 청소년 문제, 장애인 문제, 여성 문제, 가정문제 등이 다양하고 복합적으로 나타나고 있다. 이와 같은 시대의 변화 속에 교회는 그 사회적 기능과 역할을 감당하도록 요구되어 지고 있다. 하지만 교회의 현실은 그렇지 못하다. 여러 가지 문제와 한계를 가지고 있고 사회적으로 많은 비판의 대상이 되고 있다. 지금까지 한국교회는 양적인 성장과 내적인 결속에만 치중하여 왔다. 교회의 외형과 규모는 커지고 교회의 구성원들간의 유대는 강화되었으나, 교회 밖의 이웃을 향한 손길과 사회적 봉사는 매우 미약한 상태에 머물러 있었다. 또한 교회의 모든 활동이 교회내의 구성원들만의 행사로 진행되어지는 경우가 많았고 교회가 지역사회 주민들과 가깝게 접촉하는 일들이 많지 않았다. 뿐만 아니라 교회의 여러 가지 시설은 지역사회를 향해 문을 닫고 있었으며 목회자의 인식과 비전은 제도적 교회 내에 머물러 있었다. 이러한 현실인식을 통해서 다행히도 1980년대를 지나 1990년대에 접어들면서 한국교회는 사회에 대한 시각을 새롭게 갖게 되었고 몇몇 지역사회와 지역교회 차원에서 여러 가지 사치복지적 실천으로 노력해 왔음을 알 수 있다. 그러한 연장선 위에서 본 논문은 교회의 역할을 찾아볼 수 있었다. 본 논문의 전반부는 먼저 기독교 사회복지의 이념적 배경이 되는 '기독교의 사회복지 사상을' 성서를 통해 밝혀 보며, 인간이란 어떠한 존재이며 그 인간을 바라보는 시각은 기독교와 사회복지의 각 분야에 따라 어떻게 나타나고 있는지를 살펴보았다. 기본적으로 두 분야의 인간이해는 '인간에 대한 존엄한 가치'를 강조하는 것이다. 인간에 대한 깊은 이해가 없이는 결코 사회복지도, 기독교도 존재할 수 없기 때문이다. 사회복지의 개념과 그 의미가 인간에 대한 이해로부터 출발해서 인간의 모든 삶 즉 생활과 생존에 이르기까지 그 범위를 확대하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 기독교 사회복지 역시 마찬가지이다. 그 대상이 되는 인간에 대한 이해와 관심을 외면할 수는 없는 것이다. 기독교의 존재이유는 인간과 세계의 완전한 구원과 해방이다. 인간을 외면한 기독교는 이사상에서 아무런 의미가 없다. 그러므로 기독교의 경전인 성서를 통해 교회가 왜 인간과 사회에 대해 관심을 갖고 행동해야 하는가의 당위성을 찾아 본 것이다. 성서는 끊임없이 인간의 모든 고통, 억압, 착취로부터의 해방을 말하고 있고, 평등과 정의와 사랑의 이념이 실현되는 사회를 추구하고 있다. 그것이 구약과 신약성서에 나타난 사회적 사상이다. 가난한 자들을 보호하고 사회적 약자들을 지켜주는 것, 경제적, 사회적, 신체적인 모든 불평등으로부터 인간을 구원해 내는 것이 기독교의 중요한 사회적 역할임을 강조하고 있다. 논문의 후반부에는 이러한 이념적 배경을 바탕으로, 구체적으로 무엇을 실천할 것인가에 대한 고찰해 보았다. 특별히 지역사회 내에서의 교회의 사회복지적 실태와 현황을 문헌을 통해 살피고, 그 문제점을 정리 하였다. 나아가서 교회는 지역사회의 구성체로써 지역사회 안에 존재하며, 교회의 구성원들은 지역사회의 일원이다. 이러한 교회는 당연히 지역 사회에 대한 사회적 책임과 역할을 수행해야 하는 의무를 가지고 있다. 지역사회가 없이는 교회가 존재할 수 없기 때문이다. 교회의 사명은 종교적 세계에 대한 추구와 동시에 사회에 대한 사회적 기능을 감당하는 것이기 때문이다. 특히 지역사회 내에서의 지역 교회가 수행할 수 있는 사회복지적 실천은 매우 다양하다 교회는 정신적, 인적, 물적, 기술적 자원을 가지고 있고, 그러한 자원을 활용하여 지역사회에 공헌하는 것은 아름다운 지역공동체를 만드는데 효과적이기 때문이다. 그 구체적인 실천방안들을 제시하면서 교회와 지역사회복지 실천의 연관성을 규명해 보았다. 또한 지역사회에서의 현재 교회들이 실천가능한 복지, 문화, 교육, 환경 등의 사회복지실천 프로그램들을 정리해 보았다. 결론 부분을 통해 지역교회의 지역사회복지 실천에 대해 몇 가지 제언을 하고자 한다. 첫째, 교회는 이 사회 안에 존재하는 모든 사람들 특히 사회적 불평등을 당하는 사람들에 대해 근본적이고 구체적인 이해를 증진시켜야 한다. 둘째, 교회의 목회자는 교회의 사명이 종교적 세계에 대한 추구와 인간과 사회에 대한 봉사에 있다는 양면적이고 다양한 시대적 요구를 인식해야 한다. 셋째, 기독교는 사회전체에 대한 폭넓은 관심을 통해서 국가적, 제도적, 사회적 문제를 해결하는데 적극 참여해야 한다. 넷째, 지역교회는 지역사회를 정확하게 인식하고, 지역사회가 요구하고 필요로 하는 것이 무엇인지를 파악하고, 그러한 욕구를 충족시켜 줄 수 있는 구체적인 사회복지 실천방안을 채택해야 한다. 다섯째, 교회는 지역사회와 지역 내의 다른 교회들과 연대하고 협력하는 방법론을 모색해야 한다. 여섯째, 교회의 사회복지 실천의 질(質)을 높이기 위해 보다 전문적이고 체계적인 사회복지 방법론을 사용해야 한다. 이상과 같은 방향을 가지고 한국의 지역교회들이 지역사회 내에서 사회복지 실천을 감당할 때 우리 나라의 사회복지 수준은 향상될 것이고, 교회는 인간과 사회를 향해 마땅한 공헌을 하게 될 것이다. 앞으로 한국교회가 더 많은 사회복지적 역할을 감당하기를 기대해 본다.

企業의 社會的責任에 관한 法理硏究

유병길 동국대학교 사회과학대학원 2007 국내석사

"Social Responsibility" as an Inherent Part of the Corporation law. The history of corporate law contains plentiful evidence that society always has linked permission to create a corporate, and therefore separate, legal personality to the achievement of its social goals. Corporations are in this sense social persons. This stance does not mean that corporations are invited to be freely charitable with other people's money, but rather establishes obligations to maintain a compre -hensive approach to questions of social responsibility and balance continuously competing interests. In this context, a "traditional" discussion would not encompass or support Milton Friedman's statement that "the social responsibility of business is to increase its profits". By the change of the enterprise environment, corporate social responsibility was emphasized in all countries. Such phenomena and relationship to corporation have become all the more important in the past two decades following the end of the Cold War. During the latter period, we have witnessed the economic emergence of Big Tigers in Asia. The ‘Energy Crisis’, ‘Technological Revolution’ and ‘Social Transformation’ have become descriptors and the reality of the era. The writer briefly consider the CSR of Korea in the legal perspectives, because the law modes of social control to corporations behavior is most effect during the other means. Law, include affinity group regulation, self-regulations, for these purposes, derives from state action (legislation, judicial decisions, regulatory rulings, and promulgations by other public bodies) and articulates public policy enforced by governmental authority. Law prescribes and proscribes individual and collective human action to allow societies to function with some degree of predictability and, hopefully, fairness and justice. Law, however, is an imperfect mechanism for defining ‘Good Corporation' behavior because it is an artifact of political processes characterized by asymmetric power and the necessity to arrive at compromise approaches. The legal process, moreover, cannot anticipate the virtually limitless array of issues and concerns occasioned by corporate actions. The writer overview the history and theoretical background of the CSR. The writer also believe that ethical believes, vigilant and responsible media, civil society(NPO) will contribute the development of corporation. Specifically to the quest for the good corporation is that ethical teachings and CSR, although necessary, even essential, factors in achieving good corporation are inherently insufficient. In descending order of importance, law, affinity regulation, self-regulation, the media, and active civil society all play critical roles in achieving socially beneficial corporate behavior. An ideology of profit maximization which subordinates all other considerations to maximizing shareholder value. Putting aside managerial avarice as reflected in overreaching salaries and benefits at the top rungs of the corporate ladder, temptations exist in business organizations of all kinds for managers to cut corners with regard to the environment, employees, producers, communities, third-world nations, and other stake holders impacted by their policies and operations. Business Ethics utilizes eight measures for evaluating companies: community, corporate governance, diversity, employee relations, environment, human rights, product, and total return. Yet other criteria would be appropriate, such as marketing practices and company philanthropy. The writer I have suggested that in the corporate context these are six modes of social control of business behavior: law, affinity regulation, self-regulation, ethics/CSR, the media, and concerned civil society. The writer have also argued that none of these mechanisms is sufficient unto itself and that they are mutually reinforcing. Concepts of global ethical standards--hyper- or transcendent norms--relating to human rights, sustainable environmental policies, and employment practices are not irrelevant concepts. They have contributed to ever-escalating standards for corporate performance. Business practices commonplace in the mid-twentieth century, for example, relating to the environment, industrial health and safety, and employment policies, are unthinkable in many, albeit not all, postindustrial societies. To summarize, we must rely on legal processes, both nationally and trans nationally via regional and global institutions, to establish the rules of the game for desired corporate behaviors. Moreover, ethical norms and aspects of CSR embodied within the concept of the corporate social policy process will assist managers in assessing the broader societal implications of their decisions. Finally, vigilant media monitoring and vigorous citizen oversight of corporate action are essential to assure that business firms are rendered accountable for the consequences of their actions and exposed to public expectations of best practices of business performance. Perhaps a more realistic goal as we think about the desire to stimulate the spread of Good Companies, which connotes the achievement of a certain type of corporate perfection, The writer point that consumer protection, ethical code of conduct, corporate philanthropy, human right in the employment, crystallized accounting include environment accounting, safe production and antitrust policy and perform is more important then shareholders profits in spite of the managers from engaging in actions that are not in the best interest of shareholders. Fundamentally, therefore, the debate around CSR is linked to another wide-spread debate in corporate law. The debate on CSR should, therefore, shift from whether CSR is acceptable to how to make it more accountable and effective in obtaining social goals. It may be that corporations will have to sacrifice "some" profits for social reasons. 오늘날 기업의 사회적 책임(corporate Social responsibility, CSR)은 각종 사회단체나 재단 등에 금품(金品)을 기부하는 것의 범위에서 벗어나 보다 효율적이고 그 범위가 매우 넓어졌다 할 것이다. 사회적 책임을 가지는 기업이란 법인격을 가진 법인으로서 이윤을 내기 위해 노력하는 동시에 법을 준수하고, 윤리적이고 경제적, 자선적 책임을 다하는 기업이어야 한다. 많은 기업들은 점점 새로운 시장을 인식하고 있으며 이해관계자들은 이전 어느 때 보다도 기업이 책임감 있는 방식으로 행동하기를 요구하고, 이윤극대화의 압력이 점차 거세지면서 기업책임에 대해 점점 더 높은 수준의 책임성과 투명성을 기대 하는 것이 오늘의 현실이다. 현대사회에서 기업은 점차 가장 중요한 조직으로 부상하고 있고, 자원을 가장 많이 가지고 있는 조직이며 외부변화에 가장 신속히 적응하고 있는 조직이다. 특히 대기업은 이제 사회의 근간을 이루게 되었고, 이런 점에서 기업이 단지 주주의 이윤을 극대화하기 위해서 존재 한다는 것은 더 이상 사회에서 수용되기 어려울 것이다. 이런 이유로 해서 기업의 책임은 상당히 확대된 개념으로 받아들여지고 있다. 기업은 자신이 속한 사회와 끊임없이 상호 작용 하면서 진화하고 발전하는 존재이다. 사회가 변화하면 그 사회 속에 뿌리내리고 있는 기업도 변화해야 하며, 이에 적응하지 못한 기업은 도태되는 것이 시장의 섭리이다. 따라서 기업이 생존하기 위해서는 그 사회의 요구에 적응하는 것이 필요하며 기업의 평판과 이미지가 좋아 짐으로서 그 기업 성장의 원동력이 될 수 있고 모범기업의 인식화로 사회적 책임을 다하는 진정한 국민기업으로 성장할 수 있을 것이다. 현대사회는 개인의 사회적 책임 이상으로 기업의 사회적 책임이 강조되고 있으며 그 기업의 브랜드가치를 확대하고 기업이미지 상승을 시키기 위한 마케팅기법으로도 유용하게 사용되고 있다. 소비자나 시민의 입장에서는 동일한 품질을 가진 물건의 경우 기업 이미지가 좋은 기업의 물건을 구입 하는데, 이런 특성상 기업은 더욱 사회공헌 활동을 강화 하고 있으며, 결국 기업의 사회적 책임은 기업 마케팅 이라는 현실적 측면과 함께 시민의 역할이 강화됨에 따라 기업들은 마지못해 서라도 사회적 책임을 강화하는 것이다. 과거엔 좋은 기업이란 값싸고 질 좋은 제품을 제공하고, 이를 통해 이윤을 극대화 하는 기업 이었다. 그러나 최근에는 아무리 질 좋은 물건을 만들었다고 하여도 그 과정에서 환경오염, 인권문제, 노동문제 등을 야기하는 기업은 사회로부터 거센 비난은 물론이고 그 존립자체도 위협받고 있다. 사회가 발전하고 시민의식이 성숙됨에 따라 기업을 둘러싼 많은 이해 관계자들, 즉 주주, 고객, 종업원, 거래 상대방, 지역사회 등은 자신들의 가치에 반하는 행위를 하는 기업에 대해 적극적인 비판은 물론 불매운동, 노동쟁의, 공익소송 제기 등을 통해 적극적으로 행동하고 있기 때문이다. 이제 기업이 생존하기 위해서는 자신을 둘러싸고 있는 이해관계자의 요구에 관심을 가져야 한다. 주주를 위한 경제적 이익의 추구뿐만 아니라, 종업원을 위한 노동여건 개선, 지역사회와 국가전체를 위한 공헌활동, 환경문제, 인권문제 등의 사회적 책임도 고려해야 하는 것이다. 결국 기업의 사회적 책임이란 그 사회의 구성원인 이해 관계자의 요구와 관련된 것이며, 더 나아가 기업의 바람직한 지배구조와 관련된 문제라고도 할 수 있다. 오늘날의 기업은 지역사회, 나아가서는 국가사회의 유력한 일원으로서, 이와 같은 사회적 책임을 수행하지 않으면 안 된다는 기업목적을 설정하고 그 이행에 충실해야 한다. 그런데 지금의 기업들은 정경유착의 끈에 얽매여 일시적 안위와 영달에 이리저리 끌려 다니다가 급기야 폐해의 덩어리로 키워져서 결국 국가와 사회에 엄청난 부담으로 작용하는가 하면, 경제 질서를 어지럽혀 혼란을 일으키고 이제는 기업의 도덕과 윤리성마저도 점점 무너지고 있는 실정이다. 기업의 사회적 책임에 대한 사회구성 단위로서의 기업은 사회 그 자체가 지니는 일반적 성격에 의해 규정 되는 것과 마찬가지로 개개기업의 행동양식은 사회일반의 전개 방향과 성격을 규정하고, 기업의 사회적 책임을 논할 경우 이런 인식이 전제되고 있다. 개별기업의 활동이 사회일반을 규정하는 정도는 시대에 따라 다르다. 다수의 기업이 경쟁적 조건에서 기업 활동을 수행한 산업자본주의 시대에서는 개별기업의 활동이 사회일반을 규정하는 정도는 적었으며, 그것이 사회적 관심의 대상으로서 크게 나타날 수 없었다. 그러나 기업이 성장, 발전하고 대규모화되어 경제 사회에 큰 영향을 미치게 되는 독점자본주의 시대가 되면서 대기업이 사회일반을 규정하는 정도는 그 만큼 커지게 되었다. 그 경우 개별기업의 활동은 경제발전의 속도·방향 그리고 경제사회구조를 규정하게 되고 오늘날같이 기업이 대규모화 되어 사회적으로 큰 영향을 미치게 되면 기업의 사회적 지위는 커지고 그 만큼 기업의 사회적 책임도 요구 되는 것이다. 기업의 사회적 책임은 사회성, 공공성 및 공익성을 그 내용으로 한다. 사회성은 유용한 좋은 상품을 생산한다는 기업의 사회적 기능을 효율적으로 수행하는 것이다. 따라서 기업이 유해하고 불량한 상품을 생산한다는 것은 반사회적 활동이 된다. 공공성은 기업이 공업목적을 추구하는데 있어서 사기, 과대광고 등의 부당한 방법을 배제하고 공공의 질서를 지키는 것이다. 공익성은 특정집단의 이익뿐만 아니라 이해관계자 집단전체의 이익으로 확대 시킨다는 것이다. 이 경우 특정집단의 이익만을 위해 다른 개인 또는 집단을 수탈 한다든지 부당한 독점적 가격을 통해 소비자 대중을 희생시키는 것 등은 공익성에 위배되는 행위가 된다. 기업의 사회적 책임이라는 것은 기업 활동의 기본적 기구로서의 이윤추구를 부정하는 것이 아니라 기업의 사회적 지위가 크다는 것을 인식하고 기업목적과 사회공익을 증대 시키는 방향에서 추구하는 것이며, 그것이 바로 기업의 사회적 책임을 다하는 길이 되는 것이다.

청각장애아 어머니의 사회적지지, 양육스트레스, 자아존중감에 관한 연구

박내천 동국대학교 사회과학대학원 2007 국내석사

The purpose of this study is to investigate the status and relationship of the social support, rearing stress and self-esteem of the mother rearing children with hearing impairment. For this, the author tried to prepare the strengthening measures to enhance their physical and psychological response and the proper management by the mothers who plays a major role in caring for handicapped children, and also tried to suggest basic materials to practice the social welfare for them. For a research, the structured survey questionnaire was distributed to the mothers who were rearing children with hearing impairment under 18 years old. The subjects were recruited from various educational institutes, social welfare centers and other parents' associations around the nation except Jejudo island and some local regions. 149 questionnaires out of 320 were finally adopted for this research, which was conducted from April 6th to April 30th, 2007. For investigating the social support, the author made a partial revision of the device by Seong Young-Hye(1993), whose device was partly revised from the original one by Park Ji-won(1985). For investigating the self-esteem, the author used the translated version of Self-Esteem Scale by Rosenberg(1965), which was translated by Lee Hoon-jin and Won Ho-taek(1995). General characteristics of the mother rearing children with hearing impairment were analyzed with the collected data. For analyzing the social support, rearing stress and self-esteem, descriptive statistics was used. Their correlation was identified with the correlation analysis. ANOVA and t-test were used to find out the difference of the rearing stress depending on the general characteristics. Multiple regress was utilized to analyze the meaningful relationship among the rearing stress, social support and self-esteem. The results of the research are summarized as follows: First, the overall rearing stress of the mother caring for children with hearing impairment was an average of 2.6752, which was not very high, while the pain felt by the parents was relatively high. Difficult characteristics of the children were also low. The status of self-esteem was moderate with an average of 3.2443, while functional social support was relatively high with an average of 3.5129. Second, for difference of rearing stress depending on the general characteristics, the elements of age(between under 30 and over 50 years old) and existence of any handicap (of a mother) affected the rearing stress significantly, which positively reduced the stress. However, other elements except mother's age and her handicap were not significant variables. Third, for structural characteristics of the social support, most respondents selected their husband as the source of support. Although 128 subjects(85.9%) out of 149 people in the nationwide selected their husband for their social support, the subjects' satisfaction was relatively low. Fourth, for correlation between self-esteem and social support, the stronger the functional social support was, the higher the self-esteem was. For correlation between self-esteem and rearing stress, the stronger the self-esteem was, the less stress they received in the part of parents, children, and the overall. In addition, the higher the satisfaction toward the support providers was, the less stress they received in the part of parents-children. Finally, for analysis of significance related to the social support, self-esteem and mothers' overall rearing stress, the self-esteem and social support found to be significant variables. In other words, when the social support was stronger and the self-esteem was higher, the rearing stress of the mother tended to be reduced. Based on the above results, the stronger the functional social supports toward the mothers rearing children with hearing impairment, the less their rearing stress and the higher their self-esteem were. Therefore, it is essential that programs including regional supports system, medical information, educational supports and counselling service should be revitalized on a more realistic point of view. 본 연구의 목적은 청각장애아 어머니의 사회적 지지, 양육스트레스, 자아존중감의 정도, 관계를 알아보고 장애아동의 양육에 많은 역할을 하는 어머니들의 신체적 정신적인 적응과 적절한 대처를 위한 강화방안을 마련하고 사회복지실천 방안의 기초 자료를 제시하는데 있다. 연구 조사에는 구조화된 설문지를 이용하였고, 연구 대상은 제주도 및 일부지역을 제외한 전국 각지에 거주하는 18세 이하의 청각장애아 어머니들로, 교육기관과 복지관, 부모회의 협조를 얻어 조사 진행되었다. 설문지는 320부중 최종 149부가 채택되어 사용하였고 설문조사 기간은 2007년 4월6일부터 4월30일까지 진행되었다. 조사도구로 사회적 지지는 박지원(1985)의 측정도구를 일부 수정 사용한 성영혜(1993)의 측정도구를 보완 사용하였고, 자아존중감은 Rogenberg(1965)의 자아존중감 척도(Self-Esteem Scale)를 이훈진, 원호택(1995)이 번역한 도구를 사용하였다. 조사결과의 분석에는 청각장애아 어머니의 일반적 특성을 빈도분석, 사회적 지지, 양육스트레스, 자아존중감의 정도를 알아 보기위해 기술통계, 사회적 지지와 양육스트레스, 자아존중감의 상관관계는 상관관계분석, 일반적 특성에 따른 양육스트레스의 차이를 알기 위해 ANOVA & T-test, 양육스트레스와 사회적 지지, 자아존중감의 의미관계 분석을 위해 다중회귀분석으로 실시하였다. 이상의 분석 조사결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청각장애아 어머니의 전체적인 양육스트레스정도는 평균 2.6752로 그렇게 높지 않게 나왔지만 부모의 고통영역이 상대적으로 높았고 자녀의 어려운 특성영역은 낮았다. 자아존중감 정도는 평균 3.2443으로 보통 정도 수준으로 나온 반면 기능적 사회적 지지는 평균 3.5129로 다소 높게 나왔다. 둘째, 일반적 특성에 따른 양육스트레스의 차이에서 어머니의 일반적 특성 중 연령(30세미만과 50세 이상)과 장애유무(어머니의 장애 경우)에 따른 요인만이 양육스트레스의 유의미한 변수로서 스트레스가 감소하는 것으로 나왔고 어머니의 연령과 장애유무를 제외한 모든 요인은 유의미한 변수가 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사회적 지지의 구조적 특성 중 지지제공자의 지지내용에서 가장 많은 응답의 대상은 남편이었다. 그러나 전국 지역 지지자 전체 149명 중 128명(85.9%)으로 가장 높았던 남편의 지지율에 반해 만족도는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 자아존중감과 사회적 지지와의 상관관계에서 기능적 사회적 지지가 강할수록 자아존중감이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 자아존중감과 양육스트레스와의 상관관계결과는 자아존중감이 강할수록, 부모영역과 자녀영역, 전체영역에서 스트레스가 감소하는 것으로 나타났고, 지지제공자에 대한 만족도가 높을수록 부모 자녀 간 영역의 스트레스가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 사회적 지지와 자아존중감이 어머니의 전체 양육스트레스에 관련 된 유의미 분석에서 자아존중감과 사회적 지지의 기능적 특성이 유의미 변수로 나타나 사회적 지지의 기능적 특성이 강할수록 자아존중감이 높을수록 어머니의 양육스트레스가 낮아지게 되는 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 청각장애아 어머니의 기능적사회적 지지가 강할수록 양육스트레스를 감소시키고 자아존중감도 높여 준다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 사회적 지지를 높일 수 있는 청각장애아 부모님을 위한 지역별 지원 활동과 의료정보, 교육적 지원, 상담 등의 프로그램이 보다 현실적인 관점에서 활성화되어야 할 것으로 보인다.

癡매老人 扶養家族의 社會福祉的 欲求와 社會的 支持對應戰略 : 濟州地域을 中心으로

임성희 동국대학교 사회과학대학원 2001 국내석사

The problems of caregiving burden and stress experienced by caring for the demented elderly bring about the seriousness of caregiving and require the national and social policies. But, in Korea, welfare services for caregivers are insufficient and the caregiving is dependent on informal caregiving system(etc. family, relatives), especially caring for the demented elderly is focus on one primary caregiver such as spouse, daughter-in-law, daughter. However it is too difficult to care for the demented elderly in-home by one primary caregivers. Therefore it is necessary to supply them with formal social service which supports caregiving role and informal social support including secondary caregivers and support system members. The purpose of this study is to explore the formal and informal social support needs of family caring for demented elderly by grasping the state of their caregiving and the condition of fog real and informal social support. The method of this study was used the questionnaire composed of six parts: six questions about general characteristics of demented elderly, twenty-eight questions about caregiver' burden, thirteen questions about other family members and relatives' support for primary caregiver, eleven questions about utilizing the welfare service and caregivers' understanding and satisfaction, six questions about caregiver' formal and informal social support needs and ten questions about general characteristics of primary caregiver. The respondents were forty-three caregivers selected through Kyoung-Ju Health Clinic Center. The data were analyzed by using SPSS including T-test, crosstab, correlation, one-way ANOVA. The main analysis results of this study are as follows ; 1. In relation of the demented elderly, daughter-in-law experienced the highest burden and spouse felt the lowest burden. 2. Burden scale was used 28 items which was developed by Kwon, Jung-don, the six dimensions of caregiver burden identified. The highest burden dimension felt by the primary caregivers was negative change of elderly-caregiver relationship and the next was financial and job-related burden and social activity restriction. 3. In the contents about informal social support, it showed that most caregiving was dependent on one primary caregiver. In other family member's support type, 48.9% of the respondents answered "support only when caregiver ask", 25% "nerver support", 18.6% "irregular support" and 4.6% "regular support 4. In the contents of formal social support, it showed that 44.2% of the primary caregivers was answering the utilization of welfare services and the kinds of welfare service which caregivers utilize were in the order of local hospital(44.9%), elderly special hospital(20.4%), demented elderly family support group and telephone counselling(16.3%). And most of respondents were much satisfied with utilization of welfare services. 5. In caregivers' formal and informal social support needs, what was the most necessary to them were in the order of nursing home, day care center, shared caregiving with other family members. And it showed the they wanted other family members to share caregiving and offer the emotional support and the financial aid. Major findings of this study suggests that various formal caregiving systems, such as nursing home, day care center, elderly special hospital, respite service for the primary caregivers need to be offered. Also the in-home service, such as home-helper service, special caregiver education is needed with regard to the condition of caring for demented elderly in-home. In addition, the caregiving role sharing of secondary caregivers is necessary.

교회사회복지사업의 활성화 방안에 관한 연구 : 복지의식 및 욕구 분석을 중심으로

신지은 동국대학교 사회과학대학원 2007 국내석사

The aim of this study is to search activating method of church social work, on the basis of researching not only the welfare the consciousness and needs of churches in Gyeongju area toward church social work but also program practice situation. According to the analysis, although the consciousness and needs showed very high levels, the program practice situations showed very low one. Therefore, on the basic of the above, I will suggest the following methods for activating church social work. First, the more professional and systematic education on church social work. Second, the systematical settlement of social welfare as a professional job inside the church, which should be done by church's hiring the professionals for church social work. Third, the church's efficient using available welfare professionals. Fourth, the development of various welfare programs in accordance with the situation of each church. Finally, networking with other churches and with social welfare organizations in the area. Therefore, to activate church social work to begin with, the minister, as the a leader of church, should find out the need and lead the believers to the attitude of acceptance toward church social work. Also, the church should hire social welfare professionals as full-time workers to find and use various and wide resources efficiently that are hided inside the church. And the church should not only meet the need of community by developing and practicing social welfare programs in accordance with the character of community, the need of settlers, and the situation of each church ; but also take care of the growth of faith in the believers by participating in volunteer work steadily. Meanwhile, about the case of small-sized churches, I think that, instead of the welfare work of individual church, when small-sized churches cooperate with the social welfare organizations in the area or the other churches with the same welfare practice will, and then proceed with them, they will expect the more expect in practicing church's social welfare.

정신지체장애인의 지역사회재활시설 이용실태와 사회통합에 관한 연구 : 울산광역시를 중심으로

김원순 동국대학교 사회과학대학원 2007 국내석사

Recently, as social interests have been increased over the human rights and welfare of the disabled, social integration of the disabled becomes the ultimate purpose of welfare for the disabled. Social integration of the disabled means that they can totally participate into the existing society as an equal human being and that they are integrated into the mainstream of the society. Especially for the mentally retarded, it is mostly impossible to conduct an independent life even after they grow up, and there are even cases for them to get threatened to maintain their existence. The ideology of welfare for the disabled as a way of social integration does not exclude them, however. Social interests over welfare and human rights for the disabled advances towards opening the door to the community, which is deviated from the existing facility-centered services. Further, it is an appropriate direction to guide them to live together with the abled persons in the same living environment. The present study is to investigate the status of utilizing the community rehabilitation facilities by the mentally retarded and their social integration, so that direction and alternative proposals of the welfare policy for social integration of the mentally retarded can be achieved. Furthermore, the result of the present research can be widely applied as a basic material to utilize the social integration of the mentally retarded. The welfare for the disabled in Korea seeks after institutionalization, considers family responsibility as a matter of course and thinks the disabled as the subject to hold, to isolate and to protect. Accordingly, they are not recognized as a full member of the society, nor a functional subject actively integrated into the society. For the mentally retarded, their desire cannot but fall down due to their deficiency and their life should be shut down without a continuous support from the society. It is the community rehabilitation facilities that appear as the most viable change in the paradigm of welfare for the disabled. The community rehabilitation facilities accommodate the disabled in the small groups like a general home or a similar residential environment, so that they can establish continuos relations with the community, restore their surviving ability and ultimately participate into the mainstream culture. In addition, the community rehabilitation facilities such as the settlement house and the Center for Independent Living are the product to pursue anti-institutionalization and normalization, and to become the mainstream. For this study, a survey of thirteen community rehabilitation facilities located in Ulsan Metropolitan city was conducted. With the research survey, the status of utilizing the community rehabilitation facilities by the mentally retarded and their social integration were investigated and then analyzed through a statistical arrangement. In addition, the foundling of the research was divided into the items of demographics, the items of the community rehabilitation facilities, and the items of impediment. Furthermore, the context of social integration was divided into social networks, operational integration, integration of the residential space, and integration of the community. Generally, mentally retarded persons who make use of the community rehabilitation facilities are mainly younger than in their twenties, graduated from high school, and preferred a special school rather than a special class for the handicapped by 47%. In addition, many of them made use of the community rehabilitation facilities while staying at their home, and the more they used, the higher their satisfaction level was, and eventually the stronger their social integration was. For the item of impediment, the first grade was the most case, who had difficulties to use the public transportation outside. Therefore, the matter of social approach is blocking progress in their social integration. Also, considering the reliability of the social networks was the lowest, making relationships between the mentally retarded and the abled persons was not practically easy. For occupational integration, job training affected the job status, but the number of regular employment among the mentally retarded was quite low. This indicates that their social integration through an occupation is very difficult. For community integration, religious facilities had the most frequent access, while free access to government and public offices was not allowed. The result of the present study is that the biggest obstacle to social integration by the mentally retarded was the extent of difficulties in relation to the outside activities and that training and service experience in the community rehabilitation facilities were the primary factors to contribute in their social integration. Therefore, it is necessary to provide professional services for their rehabilitation in order to achieve social integration, breaking from the existing programs that simply accommodate them. Even though the mentally retarded live in the existing communities, it is essential to prepare a menas to easily access to the community rehabilitation facilities. In addition, thanks to a variety of programs and activities assisted by the community volunteers to help their rehabilitation, systematic and continuous support and interests should be provided for more efficient social integration.

蔚山廣域時 社會福祉 發展計劃의 樹立方向에 關한 硏究

이정석 東國大學校 社會科學大學院 2003 국내석사

Korean economic growth has caused the people to pay more attention to their quality of life rather than just to expand their wealth due to the elevation of their living standard. As a reason of this, the demand for the social welfare program that has been in holdback so far seems to be projected into the administration along with the execution of local autonomy today. Social welfare policy has ever been governed by the Central government, and its efficiency has got more advantage compared to the democratic idea. Also the Central government has shouldered a heavy responsibility about the policy while the local government just has been performing their duties. After the execution of local autonomy, however, a variety of welfare programs of local government have been issued due to the people's interests in the community increased, diverse local welfare center management, and the exercise of a client's right. Thus, this study is not only to suggest some useful ideas about how to respond and to meet the change and the demand for the social welfare policy raised from the people, but also to discuss how to improve its quality, as a consequence of that local autonomy has been carried into effect. As a result, the first task that the Ulsan Metropolitan City should promote is to make gradual progress to put more budget on the social welfare program. In fact, the city should give a full support over a big increase for the budget and fully equip with the strong mind in carrying out the social welfare policy in order to advance a task harmonized with the local government policy. And also the city should expand the target for the program, raise the salary, develop the social welfare program, and effect on the quality for the service, by securing the budget. Second, the city should show more intention to establishing the regulation for the social welfare policy than a local assemblyman and accept more demands aroused from the people to help it to be institutionalized. In addition, Ulsan city should take advantage of the existing system, make the local people to reflect their ideas on the regulation, and develop a way to get a good idea from the people. Third, in order to establish an effective social welfare system, the professional personnel and public servants for the program shall be required to perform it efficiently and the improvement in private sector and the systematized social welfare program shall be necessary. Above all, however, the city should establish the information network connecting with the private and the public sector that help the program to utilize all resources synthetically in relation to the social welfare program, in order to induce the cooperation, by using the current system. Fourth, the program should be expanded for the people who need more care. There should be more facilities for the disabled juvenile and grow-ups, vagabond, and the aged because these people tend to increase as time goes by. And also considering being out of system and utilizing the task for retirement, the facilities such as a protective place, a short-term protective place, a group home task, a public home, a rehabilitation center, etc. for the aged and the disabled should be required. In the age of the local autonomy which the disabled increase and the aged society just begins, the local government should plan its sole policy suitable for its traits and realize a variety of social welfare programs to meet the local people to cope with social, environmental changes rather than to toe the regulation made by the Central government. As a whole, this study is quite meaningful in the aspect of suggesting the future welfare programs, by analyzing and examining the existing social welfare policy of Ulsan Metropolitan City.

푸드아트테라피 프로그램이 다문화가정 아동의 자기효능감과 사회성에 미치는 영향

이진주 동국대학교 사회과학대학원 2024 국내석사

본 연구의 목적은 아동요리를 기반으로 한 푸드아트테라피 프로그램이 지역 아동센터를 이용하는 다문화가정 아동의 자기효능감과 사회성을 높이는데 효과가 있는지 확인함으로써 다문화가정 아동의 보다 건강한 정서적 발달을 돕는데 있다. 이를 위해 P시에 소재한 D와 Y의 지역아동센터를 이용하는 초등학교 4~6학년 다문화가정 아동 중 학부모가 연구 참여에 동의한 23명에 대하여 D센터 아동 11명은 실험집단에, Y센터 아동 12명은 통제집단에 배정하여 통제집단 사전사후검사 설계로 진행하였다. 실험참여자를 무선배정하지 않아 사전에 두 집단 간 동질성을 확인한 후 1회기 당 70분씩, 총 10회기의 푸드아트테라피 프로그램을 실시하였다. SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 활용하여 교차분석(x2-test), 독립표본 t-test, 대응표본 t-test, 이원분산분석(Two-way ANOVA) 등을 실시하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 푸드아트테라피 프로그램은 지역아동센터를 이용하는 다문화가정 아동의 자기효능감을 향상시키는 데 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 자기효능감 전체에 대한 기간 간 및 집단과 기간 간의 상호작용에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 실험집단의 사후 평균점수는 사전 평균에 비해 유의미하게 높았으며, 통제집단의 사후 평균보다도 높게 나타났다. 또한 푸드아트테라피 프로그램은 자기효능감의 하위요인인 자신감, 자기조절효능감, 과제난이도 선호를 향상시키는 데도 효과가 있었다. 세 가지 하위요인 모두 실험집단의 사후 평균이 사전에 비해 높고, 통제집단의 사후에 비해서도 높게 나타나 기간 간, 집단과 기간 간의 상호작용에서 유의미한 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 푸드아트테라피 프로그램은 지역아동센터 이용 다문화가정 아동의 사회성을 향상시키는 데도 효과가 있었다. 사회성 전체에 대한 집단 간 및 집단 기간 간의 상호작용에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 프로그램 사후에 실험집단의 평균점수가 통제집단보다 유의미하게 높게 나타났고, 실험집단에서 프로그램 사후 평균 또한 사전점수보다 높았다. 사회성의 하위요인인 대인관계, 협력성, 사교성에 대해서도 모두 실험집단의 사후 평균이 사전점수에 비해 높았고, 통제집단의 사후점수보다 높게 나타남이 확인되어 푸드아트테라피 프로그램이 사회성의 하위요인을 향상시키는 데도 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 의의와 제한점은 논의와 제언에서 자세히 다루었다 The purpose of this study is to determine whether a food art therapy program based on children's cooking is effective in increasing the self-efficacy and sociality of children from multicultural families who use local children's centers, thereby helping children from multicultural families develop healthier emotional development. For this purpose, there were 23 children from multicultural families in grades 4 to 6 of elementary schools whose parents agreed to participate in the study. Eleven children from Center D were assigned to the experimental group and twelve children from Centers Y were assigned to the control group. It used a control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were not randomly assigned, so the homogeneity between the two groups was checked beforehand, and the food art therapy program was conducted for 70 minutes per session, for a total of 10 sessions. The SPSS 25.0 program was used to conduct cross-over analysis (x2-test), independent sample t-test, paired sample t-test, and two-way ANOVA. We summarize our findings as follows. First, the food art therapy program was found to be effective in improving the self-efficacy of children from multicultural families who use local children's centers. There were significant differences in the interaction between periods and between the periods and the groups for the overall self-efficacy. The posttest mean scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than the pretest mean and higher than the posttest mean of the control group. The food art therapy program was also effective in improving the self-efficacy subfactors of self-efficacy: self-confidence, self-regulatory efficacy, and preference for task difficulty. For all three subscales, the posttest means of the experimental group were higher than the pretest and the posttest means of the control group were higher than the pretest, indicating significant differences in the interaction between periods and between the periods and the groups. Second, the food art therapy program was effective in improving the sociality of children from multicultural families attending local children's centers. There were significant differences in the interaction between groups and between the periods and the groups for overall social skills. The mean score of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group at post-program, and the mean post-program score of the experimental group was also higher than the pre-program score. For the subfactors of sociality, interpersonal relationships, cooperation, and sociability, the posttest scores of the experimental group were higher than the pretest scores, and the posttest scores of the control group were higher than the pretest scores, indicating that the food art therapy program was effective in improving the subfactors of sociality. The significance and limitations of this study are discussed in detail in the discussion and suggestions

地域社會 精神保健센터의 서비스 質 向上을 위한 QC活動에 관한 硏究

김복수 東國大學校 社會科學大學院 2003 국내석사

In an effort for whole personality QC(Quality Control), QC activities in mental healthcare center are significant in that personal elements are more important than material ones for better service quality. In view of the importance of these personal elements, QC team activities may be more useful in service fields than anything else, because most results of activities in mental healthcare center within local community are greatly affected on personal elements, i.e. staffs and clients rather than material elements. QC activities for better service quality are a powerful tool in service improvement activities, which may help improve personal capability(self-development) and provide satisfactory services for clients in mental healthcare center through consumer-oriented activities to help them enjoy better life quality. During 4 months(from August to November 2003), total 5 staffs including the director of center(for advising) and a team leader attempted to apply so-called '8-Step QC Activities' to only 20 clients who participated in daily rehabilitation programs out of all membership clients with mental disorder, who were registered in an exemplar mental healthcare center. The 8-Step QC Activities comprised as follows: Organize and arrange groups, identify any problems and select a topic, understand actual conditions and set up objectives, analyze factors and develop activity plan, prepare and take countermeasures, analyze and evaluate effects, comprehensive presentation. As a result, it was found that a series of QC activities helped enhance the participation ratio of registered membership clients in occupational rehabilitation, while improving service quality and their service satisfaction. Although other factors may have positive influence on these improvements and better satisfaction, it is noteworthy that these results are mainly attributed to thoroughgoing preparation via QC activities in mental healthcare center, plus the application of scientific and systematic management skills. By introducing QC activities for better service quality into mental healthcare center to provide quality mental healthcare services, this study helps maximize the effects on rehabilitation of schizophrenics and the mentally disordered into community, while building up a foundation of activities for managing service quality in mental healthcare center. In general, reliability and confidence showed the most remarkable change out of 5 dimensions of service quality in the aspect of service satisfaction and quality before and after QC activities. Possibly, it indicates that QC activities helped registered membership clients to have better reliability and confidence in service satisfaction and quality at mental healthcare center. For the satisfaction at the facilities of mental healthcare center, psychological dimension showed the most significant change out of 4 dimensions of service quality, followed by social and educational dimension. This result indicates that QC activities motivated the registered membership clients to have better psychological and social satisfaction at the facilities of mental healthcare center. GAF score deviation before QC activities reached -1.45, while that after QC activities was remarkably changed to +3.75. It shows that QC activities in mental healthcare center caused GAF score to increase significantly. BPRS score deviation before QC activities reached -1.5, while that after QC activities was remarkably changed to -3.3. It also indicates that QC activities in mental healthcare center caused BPRS score to decrease significantly. Thus, it is found that QC activities helped relieve or improve the psychotic symptoms of membership clients who participated in the activities. On the other hand, although QC activities in mental healthcare center are confined to occupational rehabilitation programs, it is expected that developmental courses and various skills applied in QC activities hereof will be widely available across every field or program in the sub-organizations of mental healthcare center within local community. Accordingly, if a Korean model of QC activities is developed and applied on the basis of this study in the ways suitable for the nature of sub-organizations or service fields in domestic mental healthcare center, this study will be expectedly helpful as one of management skills for better service quality in mental healthcare center within local community. Furthermore, it is also expected that these QC activities will be helpful as the criteria for healthcare centers to judge the extent of their in-house efforts for better service quality, so that they may prepare for the assessment system of mental healthcare centers within local community in near future; Such assessment system aims to provide quality mental healthcare services for clients, while emphasizing that its basic approaches should focus on the process of securing good quality, not on results or outcomes.