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Stę,pniowski, Wojciech J.,Choi, Jinsub,Yoo, Hyeonseok,Michalska-Domań,ska, Marta,Chilimoniuk, Paulina,Czujko, Tomasz North-Holland 2016 Materials letters Vol.164 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>FeAl intermetallic alloy was anodized in 20wt% sulfuric acid at 0°C for 1min at the voltage ranging from 5 to 20V with a step of 2.5V. Based on the FE-SEM images, fast Fourier transformed (2D-FFT) quantitative arrangement analysis of the porous oxide was performed for the oxide formed after the first and the second step of anodization. It was found that for voltages below 15V FFT-derived regularity ratio values for both steps are comparable. For 15V and greater voltages regularity ratio of the obtained anodic oxide is much better while a two-step procedure is employed. Conducted research revealed that two-step self-organized anodization improves regularity of the porous oxide formed on FeAl intermetallic alloy. Moreover, regularity ratio increases rapidly with the anodizing voltage for the second step of anodization.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> FeAl intermetallic alloy was anodized in sulfuric acid. </LI> <LI> Porous oxide was obtained. </LI> <LI> Fast Fourier Transform based arrangement analysis was done. </LI> <LI> Since 15V, two-step anodizing improves arrangement. </LI> <LI> The greater voltage the better final arrangement of the pores. </LI> </UL> </P>
Stę,pniowski, Wojciech J.,Yoo, Hyeonseok,Choi, Jinsub,Norek, Małgorzata,Jó,ź,wik, Paweł,Misiolek, Wojciech Z. Elsevier 2019 THIN SOLID FILMS - Vol.671 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Electropolished copper foil was passivated in aqueous solution of 1.0 M NaOH at negative potential range vs. silver chloride electrode at room temperature. The passivations were performed at −50, −100, −150, and −200 mV for 1, 5 or 15 h. The resulting nano-needle layers were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and band gaps derived from UV–Vis spectroscopy evidencing coincidence of Cu(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>, CuO and Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O phases. Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed that the diameter of nanoneedles was not influenced by the passivation potential, however, the nanoneedles diameter was decreasing with extension of the passivation time (the smallest diameter obtained was 60 ± 17 nm). Additionally, the as-prepared oxide nano-needles were found to be polycrystalline, without any post treatments. All together, chemical compositionand physical properties (band gap) show that the inner part of the grown nano-needles is rather made of Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O, while outer part, there where the passivation reaction takes place, is made of CuO and Cu(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Copper was passivated in NaOH. </LI> <LI> Formed oxide was crystalline and made of nanoneedles. </LI> <LI> X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy shows presence of Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O, CuO and Cu(OH)<SUB>2.</SUB> </LI> <LI> Optical bandgap was found to be ca. 2.2 (Cu<SUB>2</SUB>O) and 1.4 eV (CuO). </LI> </UL> </P>