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Cordycepsmilitaris polysaccharide triggers apoptosis and G0/G1 cell arrest in cancer cells
Cheng Chen,Mei-LinWang,Chao Jin,Huijuan Chen,Shao-Hui Li,Shu-Ying Li,Xing-Fan Dou,Jun-Qiang Jia,Zhong-Zheng Gui 한국응용곤충학회 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.18 No.3
Although many studies have shown the antitumor properties of Cordyceps militaris (artificial cultivated from Bombyx mori pupa) polysaccharides, little is known regarding the mechanism of its effects. This study was conducted to determine the mechanism of antitumor effects of C. militaris polysaccharide extract by evaluating apoptosis rate and cell cycle progression status in human liver cancer cell SMMC-7721, stomach cancer cell BGC-823 and breast cancer cell MCF-7. Results showed that C. militaris polysaccharides inhibited proliferation of SMMC-7721, BGC-823 and MCF-7 cells with an IC50 of 192 ± 23.2 μg/mL, 237 ± 12.7 μg/mL and 165 ± 16.3 μg/mL, respectively. We also found that C. militaris polysaccharides at increasing concentrations induced apoptosis dose dependently in those cancer cells: apoptosis rates were 48.3%, 59.4% and 70.9% for SMMC-7721, 41.3% and 57.0%, 72.2% for BGC-823 and 61.3%, 66.9% and 80.6% for MCF-7 at 110, 156 and 323 mg/mL of C. militaris polysaccharides, respectively. C. militaris polysaccharides arrested SMMC-7721, BGC-823 and MCF-7 cells at G0/G1 and G2/M phases with corresponding decrease in S-phase. This study suggests that C. militaris polysaccharides may exert its antitumor effects in those cancer cells by suppressing its growth, arresting the G0/G1-phase, reducing DNA synthesis and inducing apoptosis.
New Triterpenoids from the Fruits of Schisandra wilsoniana and Their Biological Activities
Gao, Xue-Mei,Li, Yun-Qi,Shu, Li-Dan,Shen, Yan-Qiong,Yang, Li-Ying,Yang, Liu-Meng,Zheng, Yong-Tang,Sun, Han-Dong,Xiao, Wei-Lie,Hu, Qiu-Fen Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.3
Investigation of an organic extract of the fruits Schisandra wilsoniana led to the isolation of two new highly oxygenated nortriterpenoids, named schilancidilactones V-W (1-2). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic evidence. Compounds 1-2 feature a double bond between C-7 and C-8 compared with related known nortriterpenoids isolated from the genus Schisandra. Compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their anti-HIV-1 activities and cytotoxicity. The results revealed that compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate anti-HIV-1 activities with $EC_{50}$ 3.05 and 2.87 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively, and compound 1 showed high cytotoxicity against KB and MDA-MB-231 cell with $IC_{50}$ values of 3.18 and 5.22 ${\mu}M$, respectively.
Genotoxicity Studies on Geranti Bio-Ge Yeast<SUP>Ⓡ</SUP>, an Organic Germanium Synthesized in Yeasts
Soo-Jin Min,Mei-Shu Zheng,Jong-Il Park,Jong-Sung Lee,Yun-Bae Kim,Jong-Koo Kang,Tsang-Uk Sohn,Cheol-Beom Park 한국실험동물학회 2004 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.20 No.1
The objective of this study was to determine genotoxic potential of Geranti Bio-Ge Yeast<SUP>Ⓡ</SUP>, an organic germanium naturally synthesized in yeasts. For the in vitro reverse mutation test, we set the treatment levels of Geranti Bio-Ge Yeast<SUP>Ⓡ</SUP> at 312.5, 625, 1,250, 2,500 and 5,000 ㎍/plate using Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA (pKM101). No significant mutagenic activity was observed both in the presence and absence of S9 mix with all Salmonella and Escherichia strains used. For the in vitro chromosomal aberration test using Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts, we set the treatment levels of Geranti Bio-Ge Yeast<SUP>®</SUP> at 1,250, 2,500 and 5,000 ㎍/㎖, No significant increase in the structural and numerical chromosome aberration was observed in both the presence and absence of S9 mix. In the micronucleus test, mice were orally administered with 125, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 or 5,000 ㎎/㎏ of Geranti Bio-Ge Yeast<SUP>®</SUP>, or intraperitoneally with mitomycin C as a positive control. The mice were sacrificed 24 hours later, and bone marrow was collected and stained with Giemsa solution. There was no evidence that Geranti Bio-Ge Yeast<SUP>®</SUP> significantly induced micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes. In conclusion, it is suggested that Geranti Bio-Ge Yeast<SUP>®</SUP> do not have a genotoxic potential under the conditions of this study.
( Yi Lu Bao ),( Shu Mei Wen ),( Wei Cong ),( Xia Wu ),( Xiang Ning Zheng ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.7
Cultivation of Spirulina platensis using ammonium salts or wastewater containing ammonium as alternative nitrogen sources is considered as a commercial way to reduce the production cost. In this research, by analyzing the relationship between biomass production and ammonium- N consumption in the fed-batch culture of Spirulina platensis using ammonium bicarbonate as a nitrogen nutrient source, an online adaptive control strategy based on optical density (OD) measurements for controlling ammonium feeding was presented. The ammonium concentration was successfully controlled between the cell growth inhibitory and limiting concentrations using this OD-based feedback feeding method. As a result, the maximum biomass concentration (2.98 g/l), productivity (0.237 g/l·d), nitrogen-to-cell conversion factor (7.32 gX/gN), and contents of protein (64.1%) and chlorophyll (13.4mg/g) obtained by using the OD-based feedback feeding method were higher than those using the constant and variable feeding methods. The OD-based feedback feeding method could be recognized as an applicable way to control ammonium feeding and a benefit for Spirulina platensis cultivations.
Lin Chih-Hsin,Hsieh Yu-Shao,Sun Ying-Chieh,Huang Wun-Han,Chen Shu-Ling,Weng Zheng-Kui,Lin Te-Hsien,Wu Yih-Ru,Chang Kuo-Hsuan,Huang Hei-Jen,Lee Guan-Chiun,Hsieh-Li Hsiu Mei,Lee-Chen Guey-Jen 한국응용약물학회 2023 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.31 No.1
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is an important serine/threonine kinase that implicates in multiple cellular processes and links with the neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, structure-based virtual screening was performed to search database for compounds targeting GSK-3β from Enamine’s screening collection. Of the top-ranked compounds, 7 primary hits underwent a luminescent kinase assay and a cell assay using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells expressing Tau repeat domain (TauRD) with pro-aggregant mutation ΔK280. In the kinase assay for these 7 compounds, residual GSK-3β activities ranged from 36.1% to 90.0% were detected at the IC50 of SB-216763. In the cell assay, only compounds VB-030 and VB-037 reduced Tau aggregation in SH-SY5Y cells expressing ΔK280 TauRD-DsRed folding reporter. In SH-SY5Y cells expressing ΔK280 TauRD, neither VB-030 nor VB-037 increased expression of GSK-3α Ser21 or GSK-3β Ser9. Among extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (P38) and mitogenactivated protein kinase 8 (JNK) which modulate Tau phosphorylation, VB-037 attenuated active phosphorylation of P38 Thr180/ Tyr182, whereas VB-030 had no effect on the phosphorylation status of ERK, AKT, P38 or JNK. However, both VB-030 and VB-037 reduced endogenous Tau phosphorylation at Ser202, Thr231, Ser396 and Ser404 in neuronally differentiated SH-SY5Y expressing ΔK280 TauRD. In addition, VB-030 and VB-037 further improved neuronal survival and/or neurite length and branch in mouse hippocampal primary culture under Tau cytotoxicity. Overall, through inhibiting GSK-3β kinase activity and/or p-P38 (Thr180/Tyr182), both compounds may serve as promising candidates to reduce Tau aggregation/cytotoxicity for AD treatment.
Genotoxicity Test on 3,9-Diferuloyl-6-oxopterocarpen, a New Agent Candidate for Anti-aging Material
Yu-Ri Jung,Sung-Min Park,Nam-Jin Lee,Hyeong-Bae Pyo,Geun Soo Kim,Jong-Hun You,Chun-Mei Lin,Zheng Mei Shu,Jong-Koo Kang 한국실험동물학회 2008 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.24 No.1
To perform the safety studies on 3,9-diferuloyl-6-oxopterocarpen (DFO), we accomplished the reverse mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, in vitro chromosomal aberration assay on Chinese hamster lung cell and in vivo bone marrow micronucleus test in male ICR mice. In the reverse mutation assay, this material treatment at the dose range up to 5,000 ㎍/plate did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and in Escherichia coli WP2uvrA-with and without metabolic activation. In the in vitro chromosomal aberration assay, this material did not increase the number of cells having structural or numerical chromosome aberration. In the in vivo bone marrow micronucleus assay, no significant increase in the occurrence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was observed in male ICR mice administered this material. In conclusion, we suggested that DFO have no genotoxicity in reverse mutation assay, in vitro chromosomal aberration assay and in vivo bone marrow micronucleus test.