Lactobacillus casei Zhang Prevents Jejunal Epithelial Damage to Early-Weaned Piglets Induced by Escherichia coli K88 via Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Integrity, Tight Junction Proteins and Immune Factor Expression

( Yuying Wang ),( Xue Yan ),( Weiwei Zhang ),( Yuanyuan Liu ),( Deping Han ),( Kedao Teng ),( Yunfei Ma ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2019 Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.6

Farm animals such as piglets are often affected by environmental stress, which can disturb the gut ecosystem. Antibiotics were commonly used to prevent diarrhea in weaned piglets, but this was banned by the European Union due to the development of antibiotic resistance. However, the use of probiotics instead of antibiotics may reduce the risk posed by pathogenic microorganisms and reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus casei Zhang on the mechanical barrier and immune function of early-weaned piglets infected using Escherichia coli K88 based on histomorphology and immunology. Fourteen-day-old weaned piglets were divided into a control group and experimental groups that were fed L. casei Zhang and infected with E. coli K88 with or without prefeeding and/or postfeeding of L. casei Zhang. The L. casei Zhang dose used was 107 CFU/g diet. Jejunum segments were obtained before histological, immunohistochemical, and western blot analyses were performed. In addition, the relative mRNA expression of toll receptors and cytokines was measured. Piglets fed L. casei Zhang showed significantly increased jejunum villus height, villus height-crypt depth ratio, muscle thickness, and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin. The use of L. casei Zhang effectively reduced intestinal inflammation after infection. We found that L. casei Zhang feeding prevented the jejunum damage induced by E. coli K88, suggesting that it may be a potential alternative to antibiotics for preventing diarrhea in early-weaned piglets.

崔致远、张乔送别诗比较研究

Zhang, Junlan 부산대학교 중국연구소 2019 Journal of China Studies Vol.22 No.1

During the process of comparing the farewell poems of Qiao Zhang, the poet during the late Tang dynasty, and Choi Chi-Won, the Silla poet, we can not only see the similarities and differences in farewell poems, but also the traits of the cultural communications between Silla and Tang dynasty. This article has compared the objects, forms and content of the fare poems of the two people. By connecting their social background, they have similarities and unique styles in creating farewell poems. The farewell objects of the farewell poems of Choi Chi-Won and Qiao Zhang are very diverse. By analyzing the identities of Silla people-the objects of Qiao Zhang’s farewell poems, including literati, monks and envoys, the literati, monks and envoys in this period play a very important role in the cultural communication of the two countries. Choi Chi-Won and Qiao Zhang are all good at using allusions during the process of creating farewell poems. Besides, the scope involved in is very broad. From the precise and broad application of allusions, it can be seen that the two people both have high literary attainments and outstanding creation capacity. From the poems, forms, the usage and options of the poems, it can be seen the characteristics of the two people in creating the farewell poems. Qiao Zhang appears more reserved and euphemistic in expressing emotions and Choi Chi-Won is more bold, unconstrained and direct. The forms of the titles of the poem of Qiao Zhang appear more single, most of which are of the five-character verse and pay attention to the natural sequencing of the scenery, in order to render the feeling of separation. The title of the poems of Choi Chi-Won is diverse, most of which are of the seven-character quatrain and are commonly used the ingenious numbers, or empty words and reiterative words.

장애령과 이선희 소설에 나타난 신여성상 비교 연구 -『붉은 장미와 흰 장미』와 『계산서』를 중심으로

장아함 ( Zhang Yahan ) 인천대학교 사회과학연구원 2019 사회과학연구 Vol.12 No.2

In the literature dealing with female images in the patriarchal society of China and Korea, Zhang Ailing and Li Shanxi, two female writers with a similar period background, wrote many works. Zhang focused on a depiction of women and opened a new horizon of female literature, and Li also devoted herself to a portrayal of female images and vividly recreated Korean women's thoughts at that time. This study took Zhang Ailing's “Red Rose and White Rose” and Li Shanxi's “Calculation Book” to conduct a comparative study on the new female image of China and Korea in the 1930s and 1940s, which were influenced by Western culture. Conclusions are as follows. First, a protagonist Wang Jiaorui in Zhang's is a new woman who pursues free love, human rights and equality, and self-consciousness while‘ I’ in Li's are dependent on her husband and cannot be separated from social reality. Second, Zhang has a strong self and an independent attitude while Li identifies with her own subjectivity but feels inseparable from her marriage, family and social life. Third, Chinese new females in the 1930s and 1940s tried to get rid of the feudal ideology and pursued equality and independence while Korean new females also pursued equality and independence but still could not remove the patriarch system.

Static analysis of 2D-FG nonlocal porous tube using gradient strain theory and based on the first and higher-order beam theory

Xiaozhong Zhang,Jian-Feng Li,Yan Cui,Mostafa Habibi,H. Elhosiny Ali,Ibrahim AlBaijan,Tayebeh Mahmoudi 국제구조공학회 2023 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.49 No.3

This article focuses on the study of the buckling behavior of two-dimensional functionally graded (2D-FG) nanosize tubes, including porosity, based on the first shear deformation and higher-order theory of the tube. The nano-scale tube is simulated using the nonlocal gradient strain theory, and the general equations and boundary conditions are derived using Hamilton’s principle for the Zhang-Fu’s tube model (as a higher-order theory) and Timoshenko beam theory. Finally, the derived equations are solved using a numerical method for both simply-supported and clamped boundary conditions. A parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of different parameters, such as axial and radial FG power indices, porosity parameter, and nonlocal gradient strain parameters, on the buckling behavior of the bi-dimensional functionally graded porous tube. Keywords: Nonlocal strain gradient theory; buckling; Zhang-Fu’s tube model; Timoshenko theory; Two-dimensional functionally graded materials; Nanotubes; Higher-order theory.

Visual Analysis of the Frontiers and Evolution of Research on Play-based Curriculum in Chinese Kindergartens

Zhang,Xinxue(Xinxue Zhang),Park,So Young(So Young Park),Baek,Jongnam(Jongnam Baek) 한국특수교육학회 2023 한국특수교육학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.-

Kindergarten play-based curriculum is a process that regards the play as curriculum contents and make them run through all of curriculum implementation. This research is to regard 448 literatures from journal published in 1995 to 2023 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, www.cnki.net). Through the visual analysis of kindergarten play-based curriculum research literature through ‘Information Visualization-CiteSpace’, it is possible to grasp the research status, research hotspots and research trend in this field. The research result shows that between researchers are short of academic exchange and cooperation and the way of research is mainly quantitative research but qualitative research is not enough. Actually, the hot points of research are paid attention to these fields: kindergarten, folk play, play, kindergarten play-based curriculum and play spirit. The trends of research are as follows in these fields: play, folk play, playfication, integrated curriculum and curriculum reform and so on. Current study analyses the evolution process of kindergarten play-based curriculum and the hot point and trend of future development, also provide more intuitive and complete data for the later research.

Analysis of the Effects of Al on the Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Behavior of Ferritic Heat-Resistant Stainless Steels

Yingbo Zhang,Dening Zou,Xiaoqiao Wang,Fengshe Xia,Yong Wang,Wei Zhang 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.7

The effect of Al content on the microstructure and ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) of 18Cr–Al–Si ferritic heatresistantstainless steel have been studied by Charpy impact testing over temperatures ranging from 20 to 90 ℃. Charpy impacttest results show that DBTT increased with increasing Al content. Meanwhile, fracture morphology changed with increasingAl content, where the amount of dimples decreased and cleavage facets increased, indicating increases in the tendency forbrittle fracture. Furthermore, ferrite grain size, volume fraction and size of (Cr, Fe)23C6 carbides increased with increasingAl content, which led to decreasing toughness and increasing DBTT.

A Study of Translating Self-efficacy on Translation Performance Among BTI Students in China: The Mediating Effect of Translating Self-regulated Learning

Wentao Zhang,이승진 국제인문사회연구학회 2024 Studies on Humanities and Social Sciences (SHSC) Vol.6 No.6

A Study of Translating Self-efficacy on Translation Performance Among BTI Students in China: The Mediating Effect of Translating Self-regulated Learning Wentao Zhang* & Seungjin Lee** Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationships among Translating Self-efficacy (TSE), Translating Self-regulated Learning (TSRL), and translation performance among Bachelor of Translation and Interpreting (BTI) students in China. Data for this study were collected from 198 BTI students in China. The research employed two instruments to measure TSE and TSRL, as well as a translation performance assessment based on texts used in the Level 3 examination of the China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters (CATTI). To analyze the relationships among the three variables, descriptive statistics, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were utilized. The study results revealed that TSRL (β=.52, p<.001) has a greater impact on translation performance than TSE (β=.25, p<.05). Furthermore, the indirect effect of TSE through TSRL (β=.40, p<.001) was higher than its direct effect (β=.25, p<.05). These findings suggest that TSRL can be regarded as a important factor in maximizing translation performance. Therefore, translation education should prioritize the enhancement of TSRL and actively implement systematic and explicit instructional strategies to achieve this goal. Key Words: BTI Students, Translating Self-efficacy, Translating Self-regulated Learning, Translation Performance, China □ Received: Nov. 30, 2024, Revised: Dec. 13, 2024, Accepted: Dec. 20, 2024 * First Author, Lecturer, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo Univ., Email: zhangwentaozj@outlook.com ** Corresponding Author, Assistant Professor, Sehan Univ., Email: seungjincool@gmail.com A Study of Translating Self-efficacy on Translation Performance Among BTI Students in China: The Mediating Effect of Translating Self-regulated Learning DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.62783/SHSS.6.6.43 Wentao Zhang* & Seungjin Lee** Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationships among Translating Self-efficacy (TSE), Translating Self-regulated Learning (TSRL), and translation performance among Bachelor of Translation and Interpreting (BTI) students in China. Data for this study were collected from 198 BTI students in China. The research employed two instruments to measure TSE and TSRL, as well as a translation performance assessment based on texts used in the Level 3 examination of the China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters (CATTI). To analyze the relationships among the three variables, descriptive statistics, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were utilized. The study results revealed that TSRL (β=.52, p<.001) has a greater impact on translation performance than TSE (β=.25, p<.05). Furthermore, the indirect effect of TSE through TSRL (β=.40, p<.001) was higher than its direct effect (β=.25, p<.05). These findings suggest that TSRL can be regarded as a important factor in maximizing translation performance. Therefore, translation education should prioritize the enhancement of TSRL and actively implement systematic and explicit instructional strategies to achieve this goal. Key Words: BTI Students, Translating Self-efficacy, Translating Self-regulated Learning, Translation Performance, China □ Received: Nov. 30, 2024, Revised: Dec. 13, 2024, Accepted: Dec. 20, 2024 * First Author, Lecturer, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo Univ., Email: zhangwentaozj@outlook.com ** Corresponding Author, Assistant Professor, Sehan Univ., Email: seungjincool@gmail.com

Optimal estimation of misclassification rate for two-class clustering with sub-Gaussian noises

Liu Youming,Zhang Zhentao 한국통계학회 2025 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.54 No.1

The misclassifcation rate can be used to measure the clustering accuracy. Cai and Zhang (2018) establish an upper bound of misclassifcation rate for the two-class clustering model Y = 휇l + Z ∈ ℝ , where  l ∈ {−1, 1} and Z ∼ N(0, I ), i i p i ∈{1, … , n},   when the vector dimen- ‖휇‖ ≥ C sion p is larger than sample size n. The authors prove that their key assumption 2 gap (p∕n)1∕4 is necessary for any estimator to be consistent. This paper dis- cusses the same problem with sub-Gaussian noises and n ≥ p ∶ We frst use Cai and Zhang’s method to give an upper bound of the misclassifcation rate for ‖휇‖ ≥ C 2 gap . Then a lower bound of the misclassifcation rate is provided under some technical conditions, which matches the upper bound up to a constant multiple. This shows our upper bound estimation optimal. Examples are given to explain those techni- cal conditions easily satisfed. Similar to Cai and Zhang’s work, we also prove the assumption ‖휇‖ ≥ C 2 gap in our upper bound estimation necessary for any estima- tor to be consistent as well. Finally, numerical simulations support our theoretical analysis.

Sexual Politics and Female Sexuality in Gish Jen’s Typical American

Zhang,Yanjun 중앙대학교 영미언어와문화연구소 2011 영미언어와문화 Vol.2 No.1

In Typical American(1991), Jen tells the stories of Ralph Chang and his intellectual family aspiring to make it into America’s middle and upper classes in the 1950s. She portrays women as resistant to sexism at home and in society. In this paper, I address the stories of women, namely, Helen, Ralph’s wife, and, Theresa, his elder sister, pertaining to their relationship with men in striving for their American dreams of individual freedom and autonomy. I argue that through the conflicts between men and women, Jen presents a tension between the self and family, which symbolizes the tension between her birth cultural value of family unity and her adopted cultural value of individual freedom. Calling for bridging the two cultures, Jen conveys that those who ignore one culture or the other are doomed.

A Comparative Study of Compliment Responses between Chinese and Korean EFL Learners

Zhang, In-Jun 부산외국어대학교 외국어연구소 2021 외국어연구 Vol.34 No.-

This study focused on investigating the similarities and differences between Chinese and Korean L2 learners shows that there’s no universal pattern that can be used to describe the two groups’ CRs. Both the two groups response to compliments in the following preference sequence, Accept, Evade and Reject. As for micro levels, Chinese L2 learners made more use of Accept strategies while Korean L2 learners used Evade more. Due to different second language acquisition methods, Chinese L2 learners showed to have a more direct attitude towards accepting compliments. However, there are still some limitations in this study. First, the sample of participants is a little bit small. Based on Tang and Zhang’s study (2009), there are people who prefer to use Reject. However, in this study, there were no Reject responses among all the Chinese L2 learners’ replies. This, to some degree, may influence the results and comparative analyses of the two groups. Second, before the DCT, the background survey asked the participants whether they had experiences of being in English speaking countries and why they came there. However, this variable is not analyzed in the study. Since there is no standard criterion for personal experience, it’s difficult to know how much personal experience will influence participants’ expressions. Finally, although the DCT is designed as short as possible, it’s undeniable that it still takes participants some time to finish it. Whether the participant expresses all he/she wants to or not is hard to know and this is also a possible variable that has influences on the experimental data. Further research on the CRs of Chinese L2 learners and Korean L2 learners needs a more sophisticated and accurate experiment design and I hope this study, though imperfect, can be of some help to relevant research. Key words: EFL. compliment response, speech act