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Zahoor Hussain,Ali Zar,Muhammad Akbar,Bassam A. Tayeh,Zhibin Lin 국제구조공학회 2023 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.32 No.5
The study presents a new hybrid data-driven method by combining radial basis functions neural networks (RBFNN) with the Jaya algorithm (JA) to provide effective structural health monitoring of arch dams. The novelty of this approach lies in that only one user-defined parameter is required and thus can increase its effectiveness and efficiency, as compared to other machine learning techniques that often require processing a large amount of training and testing model parameters and hyper-parameters, with high time-consuming. This approach seeks rapid damage detection in arch dams under dynamic conditions, to prevent potential disasters, by utilizing the RBF-NNN to seamlessly integrate the dynamic elastic modulus (DEM) and modal parameters (such as natural frequency and mode shape) as damage indicators. To determine the dynamic characteristics of the arch dam, the JA sequentially optimizes an objective function rooted in vibration-based data sets. Two case studies of hyperbolic concrete arch dams were carefully designed using finite element simulation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the RBF-NN model, in conjunction with the Jaya algorithm. The testing results demonstrated that the proposed methods could exhibit significant computational time-savings, while effectively detecting damage in arch dam structures with complex nonlinearities. Furthermore, despite training data contaminated with a high level of noise, the RBF-NN and JA fusion remained the robustness, with high accuracy.
Zahoor Qadir Samra,Muhammad Amin Athar 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.5
Abstract Human β-mannosidase (MANB) was purified to homogeneity directly from lysosomes by using mannosamine conjugated magnetic (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles, DE-52 cellulose, and sephadex G-200 chromatography. Fe₃O₄nanoparticles were synthesized and utilized ammonia to attach the amino group on the nanoparticles. The particles were covalently attached with Dmannosamine by cross linker glutaraldehyde and confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. In FTIR analysis, the peaks appeared at 2,356.6 cm−¹ for −N = CH linkage and at 3,378.4 cm−1, 3,664.9 cm−¹ for −OH groups confirmed the conjugation of Dmannosamine with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Results showed a single band of 97 kDa of purified MANB in SDS-PAGE. The isoelectric point was 4.5 and the Km and Vã~ñ values were 2.51 mM and 0.315 μM/min/mg, respectively. The purification fold was 329 with 68% yield. The optimal activity was at pH 5.0 and 75% activity was stable in 20% glycerol at 4oC. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Ni²+, Zn²+, Cd²+, Cu²+, Mo²+, Ag+¹, iodoacetate, SDS, DMF, DMSO, ethanol, and acetone; slightly reduced by Pb²+, Co²+, EDTA, DTT, and β-mercaptoethanol. The activity was not affected by Mg²+, Mn²+, Sn²+, Ca²+, Fe³+, PMSF, Triton X-100, D-mannosamine, D-mannose, D-mannitol, D-glucose, and D-fructose. The homogeneity of MANB enzyme was further confirmed by 2D-PAGE and immunoblot. This is the first novel report of conjugation of Dmannosamine with Fe₃O₄nanoparticles for purification of human MANB enzyme Abstract Human β-mannosidase (MANB) was purified to homogeneity directly from lysosomes by using mannosamine conjugated magnetic (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles, DE-52 cellulose, and sephadex G-200 chromatography. Fe₃O₄nanoparticles were synthesized and utilized ammonia to attach the amino group on the nanoparticles. The particles were covalently attached with Dmannosamine by cross linker glutaraldehyde and confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. In FTIR analysis, the peaks appeared at 2,356.6 cm−¹ for −N = CH linkage and at 3,378.4 cm−1, 3,664.9 cm−¹ for −OH groups confirmed the conjugation of Dmannosamine with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Results showed a single band of 97 kDa of purified MANB in SDS-PAGE. The isoelectric point was 4.5 and the Km and Vã~ñ values were 2.51 mM and 0.315 μM/min/mg, respectively. The purification fold was 329 with 68% yield. The optimal activity was at pH 5.0 and 75% activity was stable in 20% glycerol at 4oC. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Ni²+, Zn²+, Cd²+, Cu²+, Mo²+, Ag+¹, iodoacetate, SDS, DMF, DMSO, ethanol, and acetone; slightly reduced by Pb²+, Co²+, EDTA, DTT, and β-mercaptoethanol. The activity was not affected by Mg²+, Mn²+, Sn²+, Ca²+, Fe³+, PMSF, Triton X-100, D-mannosamine, D-mannose, D-mannitol, D-glucose, and D-fructose. The homogeneity of MANB enzyme was further confirmed by 2D-PAGE and immunoblot. This is the first novel report of conjugation of Dmannosamine with Fe₃O₄nanoparticles for purification of human MANB enzyme
Zahoor Hussain Farooqi,Shanza Rauf Khan,Tajamal Hussain,Robina Begum,Kiran Ejaz,Shumaila Majeed,Muhammad Ajmal,Farah Kanwal,Mohammad Siddiq 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.9
We investigated the effect of crosslinking density of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) micro-gels on catalytic activity of silver nanoparticles fabricated hybrid microgels. Multiresponsive poly(N-isopropyl acryla-mide-co-acrylic acid) microgels with 2, 4, 6 and 8 mole percentage of N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide were synthesizedby emulsion polymerization. These microgels were characterized by dynamic light scattering and were used as mi-croreactors to synthesize silver nanoparticles. Hybrid system was characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Thecatalytic activity of hybrid microgels with different crosslinker content was compared by studying the reduction of p-nitrophenol as a model reaction. Kinetics of reaction was monitored by spectrophotometry. The value of the apparentrate constant decreases from 0.568 to 0.313 min−1, when content of crosslinker are increased from 2 to 8 mole percent-age respectively. This decreases in value of apparent rate constant is due to increase in diffusional barrier offered byhigh crosslinking of polymer network at high mole percentages of N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide.
( Zahoor Khan ),( Maryam Shafique ),( Amir Zeb ),( Nusrat Jabeen ),( Sehar Afshan Naz ),( Arif Zubair ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.49 No.1
Serine proteases are the most versatile proteolytic enzymes with tremendous applications in various industrial processes. This study was designed to investigate the biochemical properties, critical residues, and the catalytic potential of alkaline serine protease using in-silico approaches. The primary sequence was analyzed using ProtParam, SignalP, and Phyre2 tools to investigate biochemical properties, signal peptide, and secondary structure, respectively. The three-dimensional structure of the enzyme was modeled using the MODELLER program present in Discovery Studio followed by Molecular Dynamics simulation using GROMACS 5.0.7 package with CHARMM36m force field. The proteolytic potential was measured by performing docking with casein- and keratin-enriched residues, while the effect of the inhibitor was studied using phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, (PMSF) applying GOLDv5.2.2. Molecular weight, instability index, aliphatic index, and isoelectric point for serine protease were 39.53 kDa, 27.79, 82.20 and 8.91, respectively. The best model was selected based on the lowest MOLPDF score (1382.82) and DOPE score (-29984.07). The analysis using ProSA-web revealed a Z-score of -9.7, whereas 88.86% of the residues occupied the most favored region in the Ramachandran plot. Ser327, Asp138, Asn261, and Thr326 were found as critical residues involved in ligand binding and execution of biocatalysis. Our findings suggest that bioengineering of these critical residues may enhance the catalytic potential of this enzyme.
Zahoor Ahmad,Muhammad Aziz Choudhary,Aneela Mehmood,Riffat Wakeel,Tashfeen Akhtar,Muhammad Aftab Rafiq 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.7
Polypyrrole (ppy) has been synthesized by employing [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 as a new oxidizing agent under basic condition in aquous solution. The optimized ratio of monomer to oxidizing agent has been taken as 1:2. The reaction was allowed to continue for 24-48 h at room temperature. The as synthesized ppy displayed well defined morphology, which was seemed as time dependent. It was nanospheres at 24 h, micro/nano mixture at 36 h and microspheres and microfibers at 48 h. The FTIR confirmed the formation of ppy due to the presence of characteristics broader ring and N-H stretching vibrations. The XRD showed the development of crystallites only within the fibrous ppy. The thermal and structural correlation was determined using TGA and DSC techniques alongwith SEM. The polymer was found to be considerably more stable as compared with similarly synthesized using other such oxidants. The conductivity of pure polymer and effect of NH3 over its conductivity was analyzed by four probe technique. Its strong potential of NH3 sensing has been confirmed from this technique due to showing linear increase in its conductivity. These results demonstrated that cobalt(III) is a potential oxidizing agent to produce thermally stable nano/microspheres of ppy. Moreover, the material was found quite useful for its characteristics of NH3 sensing that can be applied for other nitrogenous bases.
Lithium Air Battery: Alternate Energy Resource for the Future
Zahoor, Awan,Christy, Maria,Hwang, Yun-Ju,Nahm, Kee-Suk The Korean Electrochemical Society 2012 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.3 No.1
Increasing demand of energy, the depletion of fossil fuel reserves, energy security and the climate change have forced us to look upon alternate energy resources. For today's electric vehicles that run on lithium-ion batteries, one of the biggest downsides is the limited range between recharging. Over the past several years, researchers have been working on lithium-air battery. These batteries could significantly increase the range of electric vehicles due to their high energy density, which could theoretically be equal to the energy density of gasoline. Li-air batteries are potentially viable ultra-high energy density chemical power sources, which could potentially offer specific energies up to 3000 $Whkg^{-1}$ being rechargeable. This paper provides a review on Lithium air battery as alternate energy resource for the future.