Effects of the geometric orientations of the nozzle exit on the breakup of free liquid jet

V.N. Lad,Z.V.P. Murthy 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.4

Free liquid jets are produced through various geometric orientations of the nozzle exit. The breakup lengths of liquid jets under various geometric orientations of the nozzle exit were studied. Images of jets were captured using a high-speed camera with a maximum frame rate of 1000 frames per second and were analyzed to determine the dynamics between jets and breakup lengths. The breakup length of jets changes with the cut angle of the nozzle exit. In addition, adding polymer reduces the effect of the cut angle of the nozzle exit on the breakup length for an entire range of velocities. The effect of the cut angle on breakup length is predominant for aqueous solutions with surfactants. This work provides motivation for further computational research to study jet dynamics in a partially covered nozzle exit, such as the case in which the boundary conditions near the nozzle opening is more complex with the cut angle and its vertex position, which directly reflects liquid jet dynamics.

Effects of interfacial interactions of solid microparticles on the emulsion containing ionic liquid

V.N. Lad,Z.V.P. Murthy 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.1

The present work deals with the effects of ionic liquid and solid microparticles on the properties ofemulsions. We found that increasing the concentration of ionic liquid 1-butyl 3-methyl imidazoliumhexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF6) resulted into smaller mean droplet size of the dispersed phase. Thiseffect of ionic liquid is more profound at comparatively low concentration of surfactant. Further, theaddition of solid microparticles resulted in comparatively increased stability of the emulsions containingBMIM-PF6 which was the consequence of competitive interactions of solid microparticles and ions at theinterfaces present in the emulsions.

Kinetic studies on agrochemicals wastewater treatment by aerobic activated sludge process at high MLSS and high speed agitation

M.V. Karkare,Z.V.P. Murthy 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.4

In the present work an effort has been made to study the kinetics of agrochemicals industry wastewater treatment by aerobic activated sludge process at high mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and high speed agitation. MLSS concentration was varied in the range 6000–40,000 mg L-1 and 2.5 mg L-1optimum dissolved oxygen (DO) was employed. Highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction was found to be 76.83% at 9000 mg L-1 MLSS at 130 rpm and DO 2.5 mg L-1. Highest COD reduction was observed to be 80.76% at 25,000 mg L-1 MLSS at higher agitation speed.

Rate parameter estimation for 4-chlorophenol degradation by UV and organic oxidants

Swati Sharma,Mausumi Mukhopadhyay,Z.V.P. Murthy 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.1

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the rate parameters of degradation/mineralization of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) using organic oxidants, viz., peroxy acetic acid (PAA), para nitro benzoic acid (PNBA),and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP), in basic media, in combination with UV irradiation at 254 nm. All the experiments were conducted with varying time intervals, under identical conditions of UV irradiation and pH. The reactions were followed by HPLC analysis for residual concentration and GC–MS for mineralization, and intermediates/product identification. In the present investigation, the residual concentration data of 4-CP against time were analyzed for reaction order determination by differential and integral methods. The differential method yielded fractional order of reaction for all organic oxidants under consideration. Initially the profile was observed to be linear in the time span of 0–45 s for all the organic oxidants used and thus, first-order approximation was applied. The curvilinear path, which followed up till 300 s, was approximated to first-order and second-order kinetics. No noteworthy results were observed for pseudo-first order rate equation. The change in the nature of the curves was attributed to the formation of intermediates/reaction products.

Performance study of hollow fiber supported liquid membrane system for the separation of bisphenol A from aqueous solutions

Smita Gupta,Mousumi Chakraborty,Z.V.P. Murthy 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

In this work, extraction of bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous solutions by hollow fiber supported liquid membrane is studied. The study had focused on the effects of various parameters, viz., hydrodynamic conditions, type of diluent, feed- and stripping- phase concentrations. Response surface method was adopted to determine the interactive effect of feed and stripping phase concentrations on BPA transport. At optimum conditions, 96% BPA extraction is achieved from aqueous solutions within 9.0 h cycle-time. A mass transfer model was developed, and the aqueous and membrane resistances were evaluated to be 5.78 × 102 s cm-1 and 5.85 × 104 s cm-1, respectively.

Different 2D materials based polyetherimide mixed matrix membranes for CO2/N2 separation

Ashwin R. Kamble,Chetan M. Patel,Z.V.P. Murthy 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.81 No.-

Keeping the global warming and climate change issues in mind, various efforts are being taking placeworldwide to separate/capture CO2 fromflue gas mixture in order to reduce its emission in theatmosphere. Therefore, in this work, we improve the gas transport properties of polyetherimide (PEI)membrane for CO2/N2 separation by embedding three differentfillers of two-dimensional materials suchas graphene oxide (GO), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) in its matrix. Additionally, the effect of different weight fraction (0.5,1.5, and 2.5 wt.%) of thesefillers on the CO2/N2 gasseparation performance have been investigated. Membrane morphology, variation in the chemical bondsand membrane surface roughness were observed by employing Field Emission Gun Scanning ElectronMicroscopy (FEG-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM) analysis. Results obtained from the gas permeation showed that PEI embodied with GO exhibitedhigher gas permeation compared to when embodied with h-BN and MoS2. However, the maximumseparation was achieved with MoS2 particles.

Enhancement of stirred media mill performance by a new mixed media grinding strategy

Chetankumar M. Patel,Mousumi Chakraborty,Z.V.P. Murthy 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

Wet grinding experiments were carried out to optimize the cost of grinding media and energy consumption by adding different amount of finer to coarser grinding media. The effects of amount of finer media and finer to coarser grinding media size ratio were investigated. Much smaller product particle sizes were obtained with lesser amount of energy consumption by mixed media grinding. Nanogrinding performance was evaluated by mixing grinding media of different sizes based on the stress energy model. Rheological analysis of ground nanosuspension was conducted to elucidate the role of finer grinding media to improve the wet grinding process.

Effects of operating parameters on the production of barium sulfate nanoparticles in stirred media mill

Chetan M. Patel,Mousumi Chakraborty,Z.V.P. Murthy 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.4

A systematic study on wet grinding of barium sulfate to produce nanoparticles (<50 nm) was performed in a stirred media mill. The suspension stabilization by pH adjustment and dispersants addition were investigated using zeta potential measurement and the multiple light scattering methods. It was found that particle size reduction requires use of dispersant (sodium salt of polyacrylic acid). The optimum amount of dispersant concentration was determined to be 2% by weight. Further, the influence of pinlength was found to improve the performance. The influence of solids mass fraction, grinding media diameter on pH variation and final size were evaluated.

Mixed Matrix PVA-GO-TiO2 Membranes for the Dehydration of Isopropyl Alcohol by Pervaporation

Smita Gupta,Ganesh B. Thorat,Z.V.P. Murthy 한국고분자학회 2020 Macromolecular Research Vol.28 No.6

In the current work, mixed matrix membranes of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)- graphene oxide (GO)-titanium dioxide (TiO2) were prepared using a solvent evaporation technique for the separation of isopropyl alcohol from its azeotropic mixture with water by pervaporation. In this work, the effects of the feed water concentration in the range of 10%-40% and the feed temperature of 50-80 oC have been investigated. The characterization of membranes was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the contact angle measurements. The Arrhenius activation energy for permeation was determined to be in the range of 8-12.8 kJ/mol. The results of the diffusion coefficient values and the Arrhenius activation energy parameters showed that the waterselectivity was improved at higher concentrations of GO-TiO2.

Textile wastewater treatment via membrane distillation

Appanu Sushvanth Reddy,Sarita Kalla,Z.V.P. Murthy 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.5

Due to the skyrocketed population growth and to meet clean water requirements, it is mandatory to develop techniques for proper conversion of wastewater and seawater into clean water. Textile industries generate a massive amount of wastewater. Processing of wastewater obtained from textile wastewater is more significant because of the pollutants present in the wastewater. Conventional separation processes like physical treatment, chemical treatment, and biological treatment are not pertinent in the current situation because of their lower separation efficiencies. Non-conventional separation processes are playing critical roles in ensuring the highest separation possible till date. Of these, membrane distillation (MD), which works based on trans-membrane vapor pressure difference, gives nearly 100% rejection. Thus, the present review highlights the latest work related to the separation of wastewater from the textile industries. This review also studies the limitations in terms of membrane fouling in the field of MD. Lastly, future work regarding membrane modification, MD integration, and MD commercialization are discussed. It is believed that these integrated membrane-driven separation processes will be rendered into relevant innovations in this field.