Coactosin-like protein 1 inhibits neuronal migration during mouse corticogenesis

Guohong Li,Yupeng Yin,Jiong Chen,Yanle Fan,Juhong Ma,Yingxue Huang,Chen Chen,Pengxiu Dai,Shulin Chen,Shanting Zhao 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.1

Coactosin-like protein 1 (Cotl1), a member of the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family, was first purified from a soluble fraction of Dictyostelium discoideum cells. Neuronal migration requires cytoskeletal remodeling and actin regulation. Although Cotl1 strongly binds to F-actin, the role of Cotl1 in neuronal migration remains undescribed. In this study, we revealed that Cotl1 overexpression impaired migration of both early- and late-born neurons during mouse corticogenesis. Moreover, Cotl1 overexpression delayed, rather than blocked, neuronal migration in late-born neurons. Cotl1 expression disturbed the morphology of migrating neurons, lengthening the leading processes. This study is the first to investigate the function of Cotl1, and the results indicate that Cotl1 is involved in the regulation of neuronal migration and morphogenesis.

Novel Hierarchical TiO2/C Nanocomposite with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance

Yupeng Gao,Hao Chen,Aiguo Zhou,Zhengyang Li,Fanfan Liu,Qianku Hu,Libo Wang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.5

"Hierarchical TiO2 /carbon nanocomposites were synthesized by oxidation of two-dimensional(2D) Ti3C2 nanosheets at different temperatures. Crystal structures and morphologies of the obtained samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that 2D Ti3C2 nanosheets are partially oxidized to form a novel hierarchical nanostructure which is composed of carbon nanosheets and TiO2 nanoparticles. With the calcination temperature increasing, the crystal structure of TiO2 nanoparticles changes from anatase to rutile and the hierarchical structure was gradually destroyed. The photodegradation results reveal that the samples obtained at 200℃ and 285℃ show much better photocatalytic properties than P25. And meanwhile the photocatalytic property will become worse with the increase in calcinations temperature."

Design and experimental demonstration of coaxially folded all-reflective imaging system

Yupeng Xiong,Yifan Dai,Shanyong Chen,Guipeng Tie 한국광학회 2019 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.3 No.3

With slimmer, lighter and all-reflective imaging systems in high demand for consumer and military applications, coaxially folded optical image systems are widely considered because they can extend focal length and reduce track length. Most of these systems consist of multiple surfaces, and these surfaces are machined on one element or grouping processing on two elements. In this paper, we report and first experimentally demonstrate an all-aluminum all-reflective optical system which consists of two optical elements, with two high order aspherical surfaces in each element. The coaxially folded system is designed with Seidel aberration theory and advanced optimization with Zemax. The system is made of all-aluminum material processing by single point diamond turning (SPDT). On this basis, we completed the system integration and performed an imaging experiment. The final system has the advantages of short track length and long focal length and broad application prospects in the micro-unmanned aerial vehicle field.

Prognostic Threshold of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Gastric Carcinoma: a Clinicopathological Study of 945 Cases

Zou, Yi,Chen, Linying,Wang, Xingfu,Chen, Yupeng,Hu, Liwen,Zeng, Saifan,Wang, Pengcheng,Li, Guoping,Huang, Ming,Wang, Liting,He, Shi,Li, Sanyan,Jian, Lihui,Zhang, Sheng The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2019 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.19 No.1

Purpose: The significance of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in gastric carcinoma (GC) is controversial, leading to ambiguous concepts in traditional classifications. This study aimed to determine the prognostic threshold of meaningful NED in GC and clarify its unclear features in existing classifications. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and neural cell adhesion molecule was performed for 945 GC specimens. Survival analysis was performed using the log-rank test and univariate/multivariate models with percentages of NED ($P_{NED}$) and demographic and clinicopathological parameters. Results: In total, 275 (29.1%) cases were immunoreactive to at least 1 neuroendocrine (NE) marker. GC-NED was more common in the upper third of the stomach. $P_{NED}$, and Borrmann's classification and tumor, lymph node, metastasis stages were independent prognostic factors. The cutoff $P_{NED}$ was 10%, beyond which patients had significantly worse outcomes, although the risk did not increase with higher $P_{NED}$. Tumors with ${\geq}10%$ NED tended to manifest as Borrmann type III lesion with mixed/diffuse morphology and poorer histological differentiation; the NE components in this population mainly grew in insulae/nests, which differed from the predominant growth pattern (glandular/acinar) in GC with <10% NED. Conclusions: GC with ${\geq}10%$ NED should be classified as a distinct subtype because of its worse prognosis, and more attention should be paid to the necessity of additional therapeutics for NE components.

Transfer of Heavy Metals from the Polluted Rhizosphere Soil to Celosia argentea L. in Copper Mine Tailings

Zhangjun Shen,Yupeng Wang,Yansong Chen,Zhen Zhang 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.1

Copper mine tailings are often contaminated by a range of heavy metals, which can restrict plant growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of soil contamination by copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium(Cd), chromium (Cr), and manganese (Mn) in a deserted copper mine tailings site, as well as the translocation of theseheavy metals into the rhizosphere soil and the root, fibril and shoot tissues of a tolerant plant, Celosia argentea. Inorder of concentration, the heavy metal concentrations in the soils were Cu ≥ Mn > Zn ≥ Cr > Pb > Cd, and themean concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in the rhizosphere were 1.8, 1.6, 1.5, and 1.2 times greaterthanin thenon-rhizosphere soil, respectively. The concentrations of all examined heavy metals except for Pb were higher thanthe second-level criterion of the Chinese soil environmental quality standard (CSES) (GB15618-1995) in both soilsamples. The pollution load indexes of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cr in the rhizosphere were 28.13, 1.69, 0.148, 8.67, and1.49, respectively, using the CSES. Cu and Cr were mainly stored in the roots of C. argentea, whileCd, Mn, andZn accumulated in the shoots. The translocation factors of Zn, Cd, and Mn were greater than 1, and the Cdenrichment factor of the C. argentea shoots was close to 1. This indicates that C. argentea is a hyperaccumulator ofCd, and could be used in the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.

Microstructure Transformation in Different Regions of Zr61.4Cu27.8Al4Ni6Y0.8 Bulk Metallic Glass Induced by Rapid Laser Welding

Haiyan Wang,Chen Yu,Wanghui Xu,Yupeng Zhang,Yanyi Ma,Yan Lin 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.12

An experimental study is performed on the microstructure transformation induced by rapid laser welding in the differentregions of Zr61.4Cu27.8Al4Ni6Y0.8bulk metallic glass (BMG). The laser input energy has a remarkable influence on themicrostructure and microhardness of the Zr-based BMGs. The microstructures in different regions of as-welded joints arediverse. Crystallization happens in heat-affected zone (HAZ) with crystalline dendritic phase of CuZr, which results in thedeterioration of the microhardness to 434.9 ± 17.1 HV in HAZ, much lower than that of parent material as 517 ± 5.0 HV. Meanwhile, the element profiles indicate that intragranular segregation of Cu element occurs during the crystallization process. In the center of molten zone (MZ), the structure is fully amorphous and its hardness is close to that of parent material. In the region transiting from MZ to HAZ, some nano-grains with an average size of 20–50 nm are identified. In addition,several flower-like nanostructured grains of Y2O3phase with a size ranging from 50 to 80 nm are formed in MZ’s matrix. The nanocrystallization is believed to be responsible for the enhancement of the Vickers hardness up to 560.1 ± 8.4 HV inthis region.

Investigation of temperature sensitivity of actuation performance for piezoelectric fiber composites

Lin, Xiujuan,Chen, Haiyan,Ma, Yupeng,Fisher, John G.,Huang, Shifeng,Zhang, Dou,Cheng, Xin Elsevier 2017 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.43 No.13

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Piezoelectric fiber composites (PFCs) suffer an extremely wide range of temperatures when used in various aerospace structures where temperature effects on the mechanical properties of PFCs are important. In this paper, the actuation performances of PFCs were studied when they were exposed to environmental temperatures from −15°C to 80°C. The results showed that the actuation performance of PFCs was greatly dependent on the environmental temperature. The free strain values and the calculated piezoelectric coefficients d<SUB>33</SUB> and d<SUB>31</SUB> were initially enhanced with the increase of temperature due to the restricted movement of epoxy molecule in the glassy state. The glass transition temperature range of the composite was broadened due to a large number of small pores on the surface of the Pb(Zr,Ti)O<SUB>3</SUB> (PZT) fibers, when the epoxy molecules inside the pores had different transition behaviors compared with those outside the pores. The actuation performance including free strain performance and actuation capability, as well as the piezoelectric coefficients d<SUB>33</SUB> and d<SUB>31</SUB> decreased as the temperature increased above room temperature, since the deformation of epoxy molecules in the viscoelastic state was irreversible.</P>

Prognostic Threshold of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Gastric Carcinoma: a Clinicopathological Study of 945 Cases

Yi Zou,Linying Chen,Xingfu Wang,Yupeng Chen,Liwen Hu,Saifan Zeng,Pengcheng Wang,Guoping Li,Ming Huang,Liting Wang,Shi He,Sanyan Li,Lihui Jian,Sheng Zhang 대한위암학회 2019 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.19 No.1

Purpose: The significance of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in gastric carcinoma (GC) is controversial, leading to ambiguous concepts in traditional classifications. This study aimed to determine the prognostic threshold of meaningful NED in GC and clarify its unclear features in existing classifications. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and neural cell adhesion molecule was performed for 945 GC specimens. Survival analysis was performed using the log-rank test and univariate/multivariate models with percentages of NED (PNED) and demographic and clinicopathological parameters. Results: In total, 275 (29.1%) cases were immunoreactive to at least 1 neuroendocrine (NE) marker. GC-NED was more common in the upper third of the stomach. PNED, and Borrmann's classification and tumor, lymph node, metastasis stages were independent prognostic factors. The cutoff PNED was 10%, beyond which patients had significantly worse outcomes, although the risk did not increase with higher PNED. Tumors with ≥10% NED tended to manifest as Borrmann type III lesion with mixed/diffuse morphology and poorer histological differentiation; the NE components in this population mainly grew in insulae/nests, which differed from the predominant growth pattern (glandular/acinar) in GC with <10% NED. Conclusions: GC with ≥10% NED should be classified as a distinct subtype because of its worse prognosis, and more attention should be paid to the necessity of additional therapeutics for NE components.