중국영화의 전통 수묵화 촬영기법 연구 - 장이머우 영화 < 삼국-무영자(Shadow) 2018 > 중심으로

장서붕 ( Zhang Ruifeng ),양윤호 ( Yang Yun-ho ) 부산대학교 영화연구소 2020 아시아영화연구 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구는 장이머우(張藝謀) 감독의 작품< 삼국-무영자(Shadow, 影), 2018 >에 나타난 중국 전통 수묵화 기법의 대표적인 촬영장면과 영상기법에 대하여 분석하고자 한다. 이 영화를 대표 사례로 선정한 이유는 중국에서 색채를 이용하는 대표적인 감독이라 알려진 장이머우 감독이 시도한 최초의 중국 전통 수묵화 스타일의 영화이기 때문이다. 이는 중국 영화 역사상으로도 주목할 만한 첫 번째 도전이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 장이머우 감독의 촬영 스타일에 관한 논문 및 인터뷰 등의 자료들을 바탕으로 중국영화의 전통 수묵화(水墨畵) 촬영기법 분석을 구체적으로 분석하기 위해 먼저 회화기법과 중국영화, 장이머우 감독 영상의 특징을 고찰하고 중국 전통 수묵화 기법의 특징을 여백(餘白)과 색채, 구도로 구분하여 고찰하고자 한다. 이러한 선행연구를 바탕으로 영화 <삼국-무영자>에서 활용된 중국 전통 수묵화 촬영기법을 분석함으로써 효과와 결론을 제시하고자 한다. 중국의 대표적인 감독인 장이머우의 중국 전통 수묵화 기법의 운용과 효과에 대한 분석은 향후 중국영화 촬영연구에 있어 새로운 계기가 될 것으로 보인다. First of all, this paper aims to confirm the utilization of Chinese traditional Ink-and-Wash painting skill through the analysis of the filming skills of director Zhang Yi-mou's film Shadow(影, 2018). Specifically, it will be the work of analyzing and interpreting the Ink-and-Wash painting skill of Shadow shooting skills through composition, color, etc. These traditional Chinese Ink-and-Wash painting skills are currently used in Chinese film making. While verifying how it is utilized, director Zhang Yi-mou of filming is aimed at verifying the practice of traditional Chinese Ink-and-Wash painting skills. Zhang Yi-mou's film features a Chinese-style not only in narrative, but also in screen composition. It is clear that Zhang Yi-mou represents a generation in the Chinese film industry, so the author hopes this article will provide a point of view that can be applied in the application of Chinese-style filming skills in Chinese film. The method and procedure of this study are as following. First and foremost, analyze the Zhang Yi-Mou's film Shadow by referring to the papers and interviews of filming style. In his film, traditional Chinese Ink-and-Wash painting skills are realized in any way, and the reason why chose this film because that was the Chinese commercial film which first made by Chinese Ink-and-Wash painting skills. Next, in the main part, director Zhang Yi-Mou, who naturally applies Ink-and-wash painting skills in the screen, examines the characteristics and meaning of the combination of Ink-and-Wash Painting skills and shooting through the composition, space, movement, color, and costume of a specific scene. Finally, the author plans to derive how to use the unique skills contained in traditional culture in the film making process.

Stability of Partial Nitrification and Microbial Population Dynamics in a Bioaugmented membrane Bioreactor

Yun Xia Zhang,Yan Li Xu,Ming Jia,Ji Ti Zhou,Shou Zhi Yuan,Jin Song Zhang,Zhen Peng Zhang 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2009 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.19 No.12

Effectiveness and Safety of Dabrafenib in the Treatment of 20 Chinese Children with BRAFV600E-Mutated Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Ying Yang,Dong Wang,Lei Cui,Hong-Hao Ma,Li Zhang,Hong-Yun Lian,Qing Zhang,Xiao-Xi Zhao,Li-Ping Zhang,Yun-Ze Zhao,Na Li,Tian-You Wang,Zhi-Gang Li,Rui Zhang 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.1

Purpose We sought to investigate the effectiveness and safety of dabrafenib in children with BRAFV600E-mutated Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 20 children with BRAFV600E-mutated LCH who were treated with dabrafenib. Results The median age at which the patients started taking dabrafenib was 2.3 years old (range, 0.6 to 6.5 years). The ratio of boys to girls was 2.3:1. The median follow-up time was 30.8 months (range, 18.9 to 43.6 months). There were 14 patients (70%) in the risk organ (RO)+ group and six patients (30%) in the RO– group. All patients were initially treated with traditional chemotherapy and then shifted to targeted therapy due to poor control of LCH or intolerance to chemotherapy. The overall objective response rate and the overall disease control rate were 65% and 75%, respectively. During treatment, circulating levels of cell-free BRAFV600E (cfBRAFV600E) became negative in 60% of the patients within a median period of 3.0 months (range, 1.0 to 9.0 months). Grade 2 or 3 adverse effects occurred in five patients. Conclusion Some children with BRAFV600E-mutated LCH may benefit from monotherapy with dabrafenib, especially high-risk patients with concomitant hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and intolerance to chemotherapy. The safety of dabrafenib is notable. A prospective study with a larger sample size is required to determine the optimal dosage and treatment duration.

Identification and sex expression profiles of olfactory-related genes in Mythimna loreyi based on antennal transcriptome analysis

Zhang Yun-Ying,Guo Jin-Meng,Wei Zhi-Qiang,Zhang Xiao-Tong,Liu Si-Ruo,Guo Hui-Fang,Dong Shuanglin 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.3

To better understand the olfactory mechanism of Mythimna loreyi, a worldwide migratory pest, we for the first time conducted a large scale identification of olfactory-related genes and investigation of their sex expression profiles by transcriptomic analysis. A total of 42,832 unigenes were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, as sembly and annotation, with an average length of 1,229 bp and N50 of 2,086 bp. In particular, 138 olfactoryrelated genes were identified by homologous blasting, including 33 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 16 che mosensory proteins (CSPs), 63 odorant receptors (ORs), 24 ionotropic receptors (IRs) and two sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Further, by using differential gene expression (DGE) and fragments per kilobase per million fragments (FPKM) values to compare the transcript levels between female and male antennae, we found that 22 olfactory-related genes (9 OBPs, one CSP and 12 ORs) were sex biased, with 10 genes being male biased and 12 genes female biased. In addition, sex and tissue expression profiles determined by qPCR of 15 selected genes confirmed the reliability of sex expression profiles obtained by the transcriptomic analysis, and demonstrated that most olfactory-related genes were specifically or primarily expressed in antennae, suggesting their roles in olfaction, while a few genes were highly expressed in other tissues, implying their non-olfaction functions. This study provides an important basis for further functional study of olfactory genes in M. loreyi.

Identification and sex expression profiles of olfactory-related genes in Mythimna loreyi based on antennal transcriptome analysis

Zhang Yun-Ying,Guo Jin-Meng,Wei Zhi-Qiang,Zhang Xiao-Tong,Liu Si-Ruo,Guo Hui-Fang,Dong Shuanglin 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2

To better understand the olfactory mechanism of Mythimna loreyi, a worldwide migratory pest, we for the first time conducted a large scale identification of olfactory-related genes and investigation of their sex expression profiles by transcriptomic analysis. A total of 42,832 unigenes were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, as sembly and annotation, with an average length of 1,229 bp and N50 of 2,086 bp. In particular, 138 olfactoryrelated genes were identified by homologous blasting, including 33 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 16 che mosensory proteins (CSPs), 63 odorant receptors (ORs), 24 ionotropic receptors (IRs) and two sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Further, by using differential gene expression (DGE) and fragments per kilobase per million fragments (FPKM) values to compare the transcript levels between female and male antennae, we found that 22 olfactory-related genes (9 OBPs, one CSP and 12 ORs) were sex biased, with 10 genes being male biased and 12 genes female biased. In addition, sex and tissue expression profiles determined by qPCR of 15 selected genes confirmed the reliability of sex expression profiles obtained by the transcriptomic analysis, and demonstrated that most olfactory-related genes were specifically or primarily expressed in antennae, suggesting their roles in olfaction, while a few genes were highly expressed in other tissues, implying their non-olfaction functions. This study provides an important basis for further functional study of olfactory genes in M. loreyi.

Identificaton and Analysis of Specific Fragments Associated with Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis)

Zhang De. Shuang,Zhang Feng. lan,Wang Yong. jian,Fang Zhi. yuan,Yu Yang Jun,Zhao Xiu Yun,Xu Jia Bing 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Lattice Misfit Predictions via the Gaussian Process Regression for Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloys

Yun Zhang,Xiaojie Xu 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.2

Ni-based single crystal superalloys exhibit superb mechanical strength, particularly, creep resistance at elevated temperature. The unique microstructure, which is consisted of and phases, is a major factor that determines the mechanical behavior ofthese alloys. The lattice misfit between the two phases is of particular interest in understanding and predicting the deformationmechanism. The measurement of the lattice misfit by advanced analytical instruments is costly and difficult. In currentstudy, we develop the Gaussian process regression model to predict lattice misfits for Ni-based single crystal superalloysbased on chemical composition, temperature, and two morphological indicators. The model is highly stable and accurateand promising as a fast, robust, and low-cost tool for lattice misfit estimations.

Effect of Eriodictyol on Glucose Uptake and Insulin Resistance in Vitro

Zhang, Wei-Yun,Lee, Jung-Jin,Kim, Yohan,Kim, In-Su,Han, Joo-Hui,Lee, Sang-Gil,Ahn, Min-Ju,Jung, Sang-Hyuk,Myung, Chang-Seon American Chemical Society 2012 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.60 No.31

<P>Eriodictyol [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one] is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Because inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, the present study was designed to explore whether eriodictyol has therapeutic potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The results show that eriodictyol increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in both human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes under high-glucose conditions. Eriodictyol also up-regulated the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2) and adipocyte-specific fatty acid-binding protein (aP2) as well as the protein levels of PPARγ2 in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, it reactivated Akt in HepG2 cells with high-glucose-induced insulin resistance. This response was strongly inhibited by pretreatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002, indicating that eriodictyol increased Akt phosphorylation by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. These results imply that eriodictyol can increase glucose uptake and improve insulin resistance, suggesting that it may possess antidiabetic properties.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2012/jafcau.2012.60.issue-31/jf300601z/production/images/medium/jf-2012-00601z_0005.gif'></P>

High Ratio Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with a Synchronous Rectification H-Bridge for Hybrid Energy Sources Electric Vehicles

Yun Zhang,Yongping Gao,Jing Li,Mark Sumner,Ping Wang,Lei Zhou 전력전자학회 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.6

In order to match the voltages between high voltage battery stacks and low voltage super-capacitors with a high conversion efficiency in hybrid energy sources electric vehicles (HESEVs), a high ratio bidirectional DC-DC converter with a synchronous rectification H-Bridge is proposed in this paper. The principles of high ratio step-down and step-up operations are analyzed. In terms of the bidirectional characteristic of the H-Bridge, the bidirectional synchronous rectification (SR) operation is presented without any extra hardware. Then the SR power switches can achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) turn-on and turn-off during dead time, and the power conversion efficiency is improved compared to that of the diode rectification (DR) operation, as well as the utilization of power switches. Experimental results show that the proposed converter can operate bidirectionally in the wide ratio range of 3~10, when the low voltage continuously varies between 15V and 50V. The maximum efficiencies are 94.1% in the Buck mode, and 93.6% in the Boost mode. In addition, the corresponding largest efficiency variations between SR and DR operations are 4.8% and 3.4%. This converter is suitable for use as a power interface between the battery stacks and super-capacitors in HESEVs.

Study on economic performances of multi-span suspension bridges part 2: parametric study

Zhang, Li-Wen,Xiao, Ru-Cheng,Sun, Bin,Jiang, Yang,Zhang, Xue-Yi,Zhuang, Dong-Li,Zhou, Yun-Gang,Tu, Xue Techno-Press 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.47 No.2

Economic performances of consecutive multi-span suspension bridges are studied. The material amount and cost estimation formulas of the bridges have been derived in the part 1 of the study. A parametric study is carried out based on the formulas for investigating the different factors' effect on the bridge cost. The factors include the bridge sag, the bridge span, the bridge foundation and the environment condition, etc. Then, an economical layout of the bridges is proposed for different conditions. Lastly, a selection of suspension bridge types is discussed based on the economy of bridges.