漢江下流部 水害輕減을 爲한 調査 硏究

金漢星,高在雄,李相鎔,玄義泰,柳興根 건국대학교 1974 學術誌 Vol.17 No.1

The effect of reducing flood magnitudes, flood stages, and flood damage by upstream reservoir regulation are investigated in this study. The analytical procedures which has been established newly, are treated through this study for 7 index stations and same numbr of reaches. The method of this study could be expressed briefly as following procedures. Using stage-frequency relations and the potential damage survey data, damage-frequency relations are established, and from this, average annual flood damages computed. By holding out portions of the floods with various amounts of flood control storage in 6 reservoirs in the basin, routing were made to establish modified stage-frequency relations. From damage frequency relation, average annual damages are computed with and without condition of each control volume. The study result are concluded as follows; (1) The relationtship of corresponding water level between nearby stations are useful tools to adjust error of the data due to observation error and change of the gaging location. (2) The number of records about 10 years could not be applied for the statistical methods of flood frequency analysis. (3) The regional skew factors are recommended to apply flood frequency study by the log-Pearson Type III method. (4) The effect of damage reductions are greatly affectedin accordance with the routed flood. Therefore application of the Typical Tributary Contribution Flood are reasonable for this type of study. (5) In the North Han, effect of damage reduction due to the lacation of control point are gradually increased from upstream to downward until the confluence of North and South Han. (6) In the South Han, control effect are increased from Chungju to Yeoju where the maximum effect are analyzed and then decrease gradually until the confluence. (7) Better hydrologic and topographic combinations for the flood control are existed in South Han to compare with North Han in this study results.

만선신부전 환자에서 관상동맥조영술 소견에 관한 연구

한대희,김성구,박상호,김성한,조원영,방덕원,조윤행,정의룡,은영근,권영구 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.1

Background : Patients with chronic renal fialure have a substantially elevated risk of death from cardiovascular diseases than do the general population. the patients with chronic renal failure are at significantly increased freqeuncy of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus which are known to the risk factors of the coronary artery diseases, and the prevalence of the coronary artery diseases in chronic renal failure patients is highly associated with the hemodynamic disorder and metabolic abnormalities. therefore we expected that the coronary angiographic findings in patients with chronic renal failure should be different from the general population (control groups) and investigated the risk factors contributing to coronary artery diseases. Method : we have retrospectively compared the coronary angiographic findings of 44 patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis with that of 88 patients in the general population and investigated the factors contributing to the development and acceleration of coronary artery diseases in patients with chronic renal failure Result : Hypertension and diabetes mellitus which is risk factors for coronary artery disease is significantly increased in patients with chronic renal failure, in coronary angiographic finding the severity of the lesion is worse. the incidence of PCI or CABG of patients with chronic renal failure is more than that of control group but statistically no difference between patients with chronic renal failure and control group. the sex, the duration of disease, the duration of dialysis, serum creatinine in patients with chronic renal failure have no correlation to the prevalence of coronary artery disease and severity of lesion. hyperglycemic patients with chronic renal failure have high incidence of coronary artery disease and are worse in the severity of lesion Conclusions : There is significantly increased the pevalence and severity of involving multiple coronary artery diseses in hyperglycemic patients with CRF.

당뇨병환자에서 뇨증 Fibronectin농도의 증가에 관한 연구

한승범,조준승,손건영,서성문,박근용,조성래,박규영,박정모,이인규,여준기 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1994 계명의대학술지 Vol.13 No.4

Plasma fibronectin is an α₂-glyoprotein, which is produced by vascular endothelial cells. Raised level of plasma fibronectin has been observed in diabetic patients particularly in the presence of microvascular complications. However, no available data exist about urine level of this glycoprotein in diabetic patients. We measured urine fibronectin level by ELISA methods in 54 diabetic patients who have microvascular comlications or not. The following results were obtained. 1) Urine fibronectin level(㎍/g creatinine) in diabetic group(1740.0±678.0) is increased compaired with those in normal control group(471.0±59.0). but this results were not significantly different among two groups(P>0.05). 2) Urine fibronectin level(㎍/g creatinine) was significantly increased in patients with nephropathy (6188.0±3144.0) compared with those in normal control group(471.0±59.0) and patients without nephropathy(645.0±251.0)(P<0.001). 3) There were a significant correlation between BUN, creatinine, creatinine clearance, 24hr urine total protein and urine fibronectin level in diabetic patients. Our data suggest that urine fibronectin excretion level might be used as a sensitive guide for diabectic nephropathy.

Glutamate가 일측 흑질체 파괴 백서의 회전운동에 미치는 영향

한명일,정영철,은홍배,황익근,정상근 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.5

본 연구는 glutamate( , 과 M)가 일측 흑질체를 파괴한 백서에서 apomorphine으로 유도되는 회전운동에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 6-OHDA으로 우측 흑질체를 파괴한후 apomcrphine(0.1mg/kg)을 피하로 주사하면 병소반 대측으로 회전운동이 유발된다(641.7±163.9/hr). Glutamate는 apomorphine으로 유도되는 회전운동을 유의하게 감소시켰다. 그러나 이 glutamate의 감소효과는 GABA 길항제인 bicuculine에 의해 길항 그리고/ 또는 역전되었다. 이상의 실험결과에서 glutamate는 apomorphine으로 유도되는 회전운동을 감소시키고, 그 작용은 glutamate( ∼ M)가 선조체와 흑질체의 GABA 농도를 증가시킴으로써 나타났을 가능성을 시사한다. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of various concentrations of glutamate( , and M) on the circling movement induced by apomorphine in the unilateral substantia nigra-lesioned rats. Subcutaneous apomorphine(0.1mg/kg) elicited contralateral circling movement(641.7±163.9/hr). Glutamate( - M) significantly reduced the numbers of apomorphine-induced circling movement. This reducing effect of glutamate was antagonized and/or reversed by M GABA antagonist bicuculine. These results suggest that glutamate reduces circling movement induced by apomorphine and this reducing effect of glutamate may be mediated by increased GABA concentration in striatum and substantia nigra.

웹 기반 학습에 있어서의 상호작용적 자기조절학습 전략 연구

한건우,김영식,이영준 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2004 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.7 No.5

최근 웹 기반 학습의 우수성이 크게 대두되고 여러 방면의 연구들이 진행되고 있으나 학습자의 주도적인 참여를 요구하기 때문에 이를 극복하려는 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 웹 기반 학습 시스템이 가지고 있는 결함을 보완하기 위해서 학습 환경을 촉진시키기 위한 자기조절학습 전략을 개발하였다. 자기조절학습 전략은 일반적이고 추상적인 내용으로 구성되어 있어 이를 구체적으로 구현하기 위한 하위 전략들을 도출한다. 또한 좀 더 체계화된 시스템 개발을 위해 하위 전략 요소에 대한 상호작용적 설계를 하여 보다 진보된 웹 기반 학습 시스템을 구축하고 이를 검증하였다. Many web-based learning systems have been developed and used widely. Most of the researches on web-based learning systems assume learners' active participation in the learning activity. However, learners do not always actively participate in the learning. This paper presents a novel self-regulated learning strategy to create a learning environment that encourages learner's active participation. We have derived sub-strategies that can be implemented as a web-based system. The derived sub-strategies have been implemented as an advanced web-base system and are verified by an empirical study.

자일리톨 껌 저작에 의한 유치 우식증 예방효과 비교분석

한성근,최연희,손은영,송근배,김영진,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

자일리톨 껌 저작에 의해 어린이들의 유치우식증 예방효과를 평가하기 위하여 3개 어린이집에서 만 5~6세 어린이 123명을 최종 선정하였다. 자일리톨 껌을 씹는 군(42명), 솔비톨 껌을 씹는 군(42명) 그리고 아무런 조치도 취하지 않은 대조군(39명)으로 나누어 12개월 동안 하루 5회씩 껌을 저작하게 한 다음 구강검사와 우식활성 검사를 통해 유치우식증 예방효과를 비교 분석 하였다. 12개월 동안 대조군 어린이들에서는 dfs index가 5.19개면 증가하였고 솔비톨 군에서는 2.96개면이 증가한 반면 자일리톨 군에서 2.62개면이 증가하여 대조군에 비해 자일리톨 군은 47.1%가 감소하였고 솔비톨 군에서는 43.6%가 감소한 것으로 나타났다. Dentocult-SM strip 검사 및 site strip 검사 결과 모두에서 대조군에 비해 자일리톨 껌과 솔비톨 껌을 씹은 군의 아동들에서 우식활성도가 공히 감소되었다. 따라서 본 연구와 같은 집중적인 자일리톨 껌의 저작 사업은 대상자들과 부모들의 사업에 대한 호응도가 높았고, 사업 시행이 다른 국책 구강보건사업에 비해 용이하였으며 특히 유치우식증 예방적인 측면에서 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. The effect of xylitol and sorbitol chewing gums on dental caries levels among 5-year old kindergarteners was investigated. Three kindergartens the operations of which were partly subsidized by municipal government of Daegu city, Korea, were chosen as the study sites. The child base of the kindergartens were considered demographically and ethnically similar, representing middle-income families. The subjects were examined at their own kindergarten by the two dentists. Participation in the program was voluntary. Over 12 months, 123 participants chewed xylitol chewjng gums(X group; 42 subjects), sorbitol chewing gum@ group; 42 subjects), or did not receive chewing gum as a control group(C group: 39 subjects). Consumption of xylitol and sorbitol was 4.5 to 5.0 g/day/subject, consumed in five daily chewing episodes of 5 min. Oral examination, Dentocult-SM test and interproximal dental plaque collection were completed at baseline and 12 months later. The dmfs of group C increased 59.2%. but group S increased 33.4% and group X increased only 31.3% during 12 months study period. The caries prevention ratio was 47.1% at group X and 43.6% at group S. There also appeared the reduction of caries activity at group X(1.39), group S(1.50) than control group(1.79). Compared with groups S and C, there was a statistically significant reduction of S. mutans in interproximal plaque in group X. The results suggest that xylitol chewing gum can prevent dental caries of deciduous dentition, and may be a little more effective than a sorbitol-containing product in controlling some caries-associated parameters in kmdergarten-age subjects.

Graves 병과 혈청 면역글로불린-E의 연관성

김현영,박기룡,김성훈,김지연,송수근,최영식,박요한 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: Graves 병은 미만성 갑상선종, 갑상선기능한진, 안구침법 등을 특징으로 하는 자가면역성 질환으로, 갑상선자극호르몬 수용체에 대한 자가항체(TRAb)가 갑상선을 자극하여 발생된다. TRAb는 Graves병 환자의 약 85%이상에서 검출되며 활성화된 TRAb는 대부분 IgE로 알려져 있다. 그러나 최근 Graves병 환자의 갑상선조직과 안구조직에 IgE의 침착과 꽃가루 등에 의한 알레르기성 비염으로 인해 Graves병이 발생하거나 재발된 견우가 보고되어 Graves병의 병인에 IgE의 연관성이 제기 되고 있으나, 국내에서는 이에 대한 연구가 드물다. 본 연구에서는 Graves병에서의 혈청 IgE농도와 Graves병의 병기와의 관계 및 TRAb와 IgE 농도와의 연관성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2000년 4월 1일부터 7월 1일까지 고신의료원 내분비내과를 방문한 환자 중 Graves병 46예, 만성갑상선염 6예 및 고신의료원 건강증진센터를 방문한 환자 중 갑상선질환의 병력이나 가족력 및 알레르기성 비염의 병력이 없는 35예의 정상대조군을 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. TRAb는 갑상선자극호르몬 결합 억제 면역글로불린(TBII)으로 측정하였으며, IgE는 효소면역분석법으로 측정하였다. 결과: IgG인 TBII는 Graves병에서 만성갑상선염과 대조군에 비해 높았으며, IgE 평균농도는 Graves병에서 598.1±1112.9U/mL로 만성갑상선염 환자의 98350±79.7U/mL, 대조군 161.72±194.4U/mL에 비해 높았다(p<0.05). Graves병에서 알레르기성 비염의 발병율은 10.9%(5/46)였으며, Graves 병에서의 혈청 IgE 농도는 알레르기성 비염의 병력이 있는 경우 903.1±1152.2U/mL로 없는 경우 560.8±1117.0U/mL보다 높은 경향을 보였다. Graves병의 병기에 따른 TBII와 IgE 농도의 변화를 항갑상선제로 치료하지 않은 군(비치료군)과 치료한 군(치료군) 및 재발군으로 나누어 비교하였을 때, TBII는 치료군(7.4±18.6%)에 비해 비치료군(49.9±23.9%)과 재발군(21.1±3.1%)에서 높았으며(p<0.05), 혈청 IgE치도 치료군(233.8±432.7U/mL)에 비해 비치료군(758.6±1250.0U/mL)과 재발군(1198.5±1952.1U/mL)에서 높은 경향을 보였다. 항갑상선제로 치료한 치료기간에 따른 TBII와 IgE 농도 변화에서, TBII는 비치료군(49.9±23.9%)과 1년 미만 치료군(24.8±3.8%)에서 1년 이상 치료군(2.22±1.97%)에 비해 높았으며(p<0.05), 혈청 IgE 농도는 비치료군(758.6±1250.2U/mL)에서 1년 미만 치료한 군(158.3±91.5U/mL)과 1년 이상 치료군(252.7±483.4U/mL)에 비해 높았으나 유의하지는 않았다. 결론: Graves 병에서 IgE 농도는 증가되어 있었으며, Graves 병의 각각 다른 병기에서의 혈청 IgE 농도의 변화는 Graves qudd의 경과에 영향을 미치는 IgG인 TBII치의 변화와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 그러나 혈청 IgE와 Graves 병과의 연관성을 알아보기 위해서 IgE와 더불어 CD23항원 등의 다른 검사도 병행하는 전향적 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background: It is widely believed that Graves' disease is and autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of the circulation TSH receptor antibody (TRAb). The majority of the activity of TRAb is of the immunoglobulin G(IgG) class. However, other immunoglobulin such as immunoglobulin E(IgE), may play a rloe in the activity. IgE accumulation has been reported to occur in the thyroid gland and ocular muscles of subjects with Graves' disease. Furthermore, it has been noted that recurrence of Graves' disease can be induced by and allergy to pollen. Because an allergy to pollen is commonly associated with IgE, IgE might play a role in the induction of Graves' disease. Therefore, investigated whether IgE was elevated in Graves' disease, and evaluated the potential relationship between the levels of TRAb and IgE Graves' disease. Methods: Forty-six patients with Graves' disease, and 6 with chronic thyroiditis, diagnosed at the Kosin Medical Center between April, 2000 and July, 2000 were included in this study. Thirty-five persons without thyroid disease or a history of allergic rhinitis were used as normal controls. The level or TRAb was measured using thyrotropin binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII). Serum total IgE was measured using as enzymeimmunoassay method. Test for thyroid function, TBII and total IgE were performed in all cases, and the results statistically analyzed. Results: TBII, as IgG, and the serum IgE level were higher in the patients with Graves' disease, and the levels of the latter were 598.1±1112.9U/mL, 98.5±79.7U/mL and controls 161.7±194.4U/mL in the Graves' patients, those with thyroiditis and the controls, respectively (p<0.05). The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Graves' disease was 10.9%. The serum IgE level in Graves' disease with, and without, allergic rhinitis were 903.1±1152.2U/mL and 560.8±1117.0U/mL, respectively, although there was no significancant difference between the two groups. According to the clinical stage, the serum TBII level was higher in the untreated Graves', and relapsed patients 49.9±23.9% and 21.1±3.1%, respectively, than in the treated group, 7.4±18.6% (p<0.05). The serum IgE level was higher in the untreated Graves' and relapsed patients 758.6±1250.2U/mL and 1198.5±1952.1U/mL, respectively, than in the treated group 233.8±432.7U/mL, although this was not significant. According to the duration of treatment, the serum TBII levels were higher in the untreated Graves' patients, and those treated for less than 1 year, than in those treated for more than 1 year, with values of 49.9±23.9, 24.8±3.8 and 2.22±1.97%, respectively (p<.05). The serum IgE level was higher in the untreated Graves' disease (758.6±1250.2U/mL) than in the groups treated for less than 12 months (158.3±91.5U/mL) and more than 12 months (252.7±483.4U/mL), but the differences were not significant. Conclusions: The concentration of IgE was high in Graves' patients, and although not statistically significant, the serum igE level in Graves' patients with allergic rhinitis was higher than those without. With regard to the clinical stage of Grave's disease, the change in the IgE level tended to follow that of the TBII. Further study will be required to define the possible role of IgE in the pathogenesis in Graves' disease (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:640∼648, 2002).

갑상선 유두선암 환자의 말초 혈액 단핵구로부터 수지상세포분화와 자가 세포독성 T 림프구 활성화 유도

송수근,최영식,박요한,이대희,장희경 고신대학교 의학부 2004 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) are rare leucocytes that are uniquely potent in their ability to capture, process and present antigens to T cells, and so selectively migrate through tissues to reach lymph nodes and spleen where initiation of immune responses takes place. It has been reported that a dense infilteration of dendritic cells correlates with a favorable prognosis in several types of cancer. A similar correlation also has been noted in patients with papillary carcinoma of thyroid. The purpose of this study is to determine whether DCs are generated from peripheral blood monocytes by using cytokines such as GM-CSF, TNF-α, and IL-4 and whether cytotoxic T cells activated by DCs attack the papillary carcinoma tissues. Methods: Peripheral blood was obtained from 2 patients with thyroid papillary cancer. DCs were established from monocytes by culturing in the presence of GM-CSF, Flt-3 ligand. TNF-α , and IL-4 for14 days. At day 14, expression of surface markers typical for DCs was analyzed morphologically. The immunophenotypic features of DCs such as CDla, CD83, and CD86 were analyzed by phase contrast microscopy. At day 15 DCs were incubated with thyroid cancer tissues and normal thyroid tissues for 7 days. Results: DCs were generated from the peripheral blood monocytes. The generated cells had the classic morphology of DCs. Activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were observed. Veiled cell known as circulating DCs attached to the thyroid cancer tissues were observed. The CTLs activated by DCs were observed to attack the papillary carcinoma tissues by scanning electron microscope. However, normal tissues were not attacked by CTLs. Conclusion: DCs can be generated from the peripheral blood monocytes. Futhermore, the CTLs activated by DCs also can attack the papillary carcinoma tissues. These results that DCs can be used as adjuvants for adoptive immunotherapy of papillary thyroid cancer.

유방선암의 유형에 따른 c-erbB-2, p53, bcl-2, 그리고 c-myc의 발현

강영근,조현득,오미혜,김의한,양승하 순천향의학연구소 2006 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.12 No.2

Breast carcinoma is a common malignant tumor in female of the korea. Various oncogenes have been found in malignant tumor cells. There were many reports or correlation between the prognosis of patients and c-erbB-2, p53, bcl-2, and c-myc, but is controversial. We performed immunohistochemical stain for above antigenic protein for 80 cases of breast carcinoma and evaluated expression rate of each antigens, and we compared their correlation with prognosis of patients. The results were as follow; 1) The expression rates in breast carcinoma was c-erbB-2 80%, p53 56.3%, bcl-2 51.3% and c-myc 53.8%. 2) c-erbB-2 showed no significant difference according to histologic types, grade, and lymph node metastatic status of breast carcinoma. 3) p53 showed higher expression rate in metastatic cases compared to non-metastatic cases, and it showed higher expression rate according to increasing of grade without significant difference. There is no significant difference according to types. 4) The expression rate of bcl-2 in breast carcinoma be lowed according to increasing of grade. There was no significant difference according to types, side, and status of lymph node metastasis. 5) c-myc showed higher expression rate in non-metastatic cases compared to and metastatic cases, and it showed decreasing expression rate according to increasing of grade without significant difference. There is no significant difference according to types. 6) p53 and bcl-2 in breast carxinoma showed reverse corre1ation(P < 0.05), and bc1-2 and c-myc showed close correlation without statiscally significance. Above results showed that p53 may be related to poor prognosis of the patients and c-myc may be related good prognosis in breast carcinoma. There was reverse correlation between p53 and bcl-2 and bcl-2 and c-myc may be correlated closely. c-erbB-2 and bcl-2 showed no interrelation to prognosis.

유역 피복 특성을 고려한 유출량 산정을 위한 地形情報시스템(GIS)의 적용

김재한,정관수,이근영 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.14 No.1

To compute the direct runoff basin, The SCS Curve Number can be used simply. It was evaluated by the U.S. soil conservation service and applies to U.S. watershed, In this study to apply the SCS Curve Number to domestic basin, GIS was used to evalute it. In many case, when the direct runoff from the SCS Curve Number is calculated, much unadjusted hydrologic data are demanded. But using and being adjusted of these data are very difficult. In this study, the SCS Curve Number was evaluated through making DataBase by GIS to make simple procedure. and the direct runoff was computed by it. The result of this study shows that Evaluated Curve Number Value is 60.69 in AMC-I, 78.61 in AMC-II and 89.42 im AMC-III Condition from domestic basin