Classification of Product Knowledge : A Conceptual Discussion

Yoon, Sung-Wook,Lisa L. Scribner 東亞大學校 經營大學 2004 經營硏究 Vol.- No.17

Subjective product knowledge is now a new construct, but in fact has been defined and measured in a plethora of ways. Existing subjective knowledge measures range from a single item (Peracchio and Tybout 1996) to multi-item scales (Flynn and Goldsmith 1999). Regardless of whether the instruments use single or multiple indicators, they simply measure consumers' overall subjective knowledge and treat the construct as unidimensional. As previously discussed, consumer product knowledge is a multidimensional construct (Alba and Hutchinson 1987; Biswas and Sherrell 1993). This multidimensionality should not be confined to measuring objective knowledge. In other words, it equally applies to subjective knowledge. Throughout this paper it was pointed out discrepancies in findings (e.g., relationship between knowledge and search) that are mainly due to the dearth of valid, multidimensional instruments. Unfortunately, such a scale does not exist. Therefore, future research should develop a scale that captures multidimensional aspects of consumer knowledge. Theory-driven, multidimensional subjective knowledge scales should prove useful to marketing practitioners as well. An essential in consumer-oriented markets is understanding the consumer. Part of understanding consumers is understanding how much they know. For instance, a marketer of a new, highly technological product can administer a multidimensional subjective project knowledge scale to learn about the perceived knowledge distribution of his target market. If it is discovered that the target market is largely comprised of novices, the marketer may want to educate the potential consumers in terms of the terminology associated with the product, the product's attributes, the purchasing procedures, and the different uses for the product. Promotional campaigns can be orientated accordingly. If educating the consumer is not of concern, then the marketer may want to place more emphasis on peripheral cues in advertising. A marketer may find him/herself in the situation where most of the target market for his/her product is high on the knowledge continuum. This marketer, for example, will experience more liberties in terms of terminology of message arguments.

Protective Effects of N-acetylcystenine and Selenium against Doxorubicin Toxicity in Rats

Yeo-sung Yoon,Sun-don Kim,Min-hye Lee,Heung-shik S.Lee,In-se Lee,Je-kyung Sung,Eun-sung Park 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Effects of N-acetylcysteine and Selenium against Doxorubicin Toxicity in RatsEun-sung Park, Sun-don Kim1, Min-hye Lee, Heung-shik S. Lee, In-se Lee, Je-kyung Sung and Yeo-sung Yoon*

스포츠의 정치화 과정에 관한 연구

윤상화,남동현 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1996 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.6 No.1

The growth in popularity of sports over the past several decades has brought increased attention from government and new possibilities for sport management. This study considered the relationship between sports and politics, and the effects that demographic characteristics have on opinion of this relationship. The research provided and extensive discussion of the theoretical and historical connections between sports and politics. survey analysis were conducted to test whether Korean students at three major colleges in Pusan, Korea, saw the connections between sports and politics, what factors determined their views on these relationships, and if their view affected their opinions on appropriate sports management policy. The study found that there was significant support for the claim that sports and politics were related. It showed that the people who were most likely to see the connections were well-educated, less active on a daily basis in either sports or politics, desirous of having integrated government involvement in sport management, older, socially aware, politically liberal in their desire that government meet citizens' needs, involved in sports for physical fitness or entertainment, and male.

집단정신치료의 活性化 : For Its Activation of Practical Applications

윤성철,이후경 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

1997년부터 정신보건법이 시행되면서 정신질환자에 대한 관리가 중요한 문제로 대두되었으며, 정신질환자들을 관리할 전문가의 양성이 불가피하게 되었다. 정신질환자에 대한 관리는 질병에 대한 치료 뿐 아니라 삶의 질을 향상시키는데 목표가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 현실을 돌아볼 때 최선의 치료와 관리를 위한 접근 방식에 있어서는, 의료비용의 제한과 관리의 효율성 때문에 일대일로 접근하기는 매우 어렵게 되었고 그 대신 집단으로 접근하여야만 하는 상황이 되었다. 정신질환자의 효과적인 치료와 효율적인 관리를 위해 '집단정신치료의 활성화'가 매우 중요하며, 치료자는 집단정신치료에 대해 잘 알고 적절히 활용할 필요가 있다. 이러한 관점에서 저자들은 본 논문에서 먼저 대표적 유형이라 할 수 있는 Yalom의 대인관계중심의 집단정신치료를 포함한 여러 집단정신치료의 유형들을 전체적으로 소개하였다. 다음으로 집단정신치료들을 간단히 분류하여 그 적용실제를 살펴 보고, 마지막으로 이러한 이해를 바탕으로 정신질환자에 대한 집단정신치료의 활성화 필요성과 그 실제적인 관련 배경에 대해 구체적으로 살펴보았다. In Korea Mental Heath Law came into operation in 1997, and the management of the mentally ills has become an important issue and it is inevitable to train mental health workers for the management of the mentally ills. The purpose of the management seems not only to care the patients' symptoms but also to improve the quality of life. Nowadays, in the best approach of treatment and management it is difficult that one to one management is used because of the cost limitation and management efficacy. So it is highly recommended that the group approach should be used. Hence 'the activation of group psychotherapy' is very important for the effective treatment and efficient management of the mentally ills. And therapists should know group psychotherapy well and to use it properly. In these viewpoints, we first introduced various types of group psychotherapy generally, including Yalom's group psychotherapy which focus on the interpersonal relationship and is the representative type of group psychotherapy. And then we classified group psychotherapy simply, describe the concepts of practical application of group psychotherapeutic approach. And last on the basis of understanding group psychotherapy in this paper, we explored the necessity of its activation on the practical setting and the surrounding circumstances.

급성 호흡곤란 증후군으로 발현된 폐결핵 1례

윤여준,박성우,이준혁,장안수,박춘식 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Pulmonary tuberculosis as a cause of the acute respiratory distress syndrome is quite rare. The diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome due to pulmonary tuberculosis is difficult because of the diversity of radiological patterns. The ability to identify patients at risk for the acute respiratory distress syndrome is important if therapies are to be developed to prevent the disorder. We experienced a young female compliants with mild fever, dyspnea who diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis 1 months ago. She stoped anti-tuberculosis medication 2 day because confirmation of drug fever and after then sudden aggravated dyspnea. The clinical course of this case is similar with presentaion of ARDS. We started antituberculosis medication with steroid, which result in good prognosis.

주치의 중심의 통합적인 입원환자 집단정신치료 모델

윤성철,이후경,함웅,이규항 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 주치의 중심의 집단정신치료 모델을 소개하고, 이 모델의 시행과정에서 나타난 특징을 분석하며, 집단치료를 쉽게 적용하여 효과적으로 입원환자 치료를 할 수 있는 계기를 마련하려는 목적으로 이루어졌다. 본 모델의 집단치료를 최근 6개월간 25명의 입원환자를 대상으로 시행해 보고 각종 검사들을 통해 본 모델을 평가하였다. 또한 본 모델에 대한 총체적인 분석을 하여 전체적인 이해에 도움을 얻고자 하였다. 본 모델의 집단치료에 대한 객관적 자료의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 본 모델의 집단치료는 전체적으로 환자의 증상호전에 도움이 되었으며, 환자들은 집단치료를 중요하고 유익한 것으로 평가하였다. 2) 치료요인 중 치료자와의 동일시가 상위 순위를 차지하였다. 이는 치료자 자신이 치료의 중요한 도구가 됨을 의미한다. 그러므로 치료자와 환자의 관계를 통해 치료가 이루어지며, 치료자의 인격이 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 3) 상위기능집단과 하위기능집단의 치료요인에는 많은 차이가 있었으며, 다양한 치료요인을 상호보완적으로 이용할 수 있었다. 4) 13가지 치료요인에 대한 반복적인 검사는, 인지행동치료 이론 중 자기교화훈련 (self-instructive training)과 같이 자연스럽게 치료요인을 익히게 하였고, 가장 중요한 사건에 대한 설문지는 일기와 마찬가지로 자기성찰의 기회를 제공하였다. 본 모델의 집단 치료에 대한 총체적인 분석의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 집단치료는 치료자와 환자의 인간적인 만남의 장을 제공하였다. 2) 본 모델의 집단치료는 치료자가 전체적으로 운영하기 쉬웠고, 종합적인 치료적 접근을 하는데 도움이 되었다. 3) 집단치료를 통해 병에 대한 인식을 증진시키고 치료의 동기를 부여하여 퇴원후 외래치료나 낮병원치료를 지속할 수 있는 기반을 마련하였고, 심리적 심성의 배양, 의사소통 능력의 향상, 감정을 경험할 수 있는 능력의 향상 등을 통해 외래집단치료나 개인정신치료를 할 수 있는 기반을 마련하게 되었다. 4) 본 모델의 집단치료는 사회사업가, 간호사, 실습학생 등을 보조자아(auxiliary ego)를 활용하여 건강한 자아(healthy ego)의 역할을 담당하게 함으로써 치료를 활성화하였다. 5) 집단치료를, 전공의 및 의과대학생의 교육과 사회 사업가 및 타과학생들의 교육에 실제적이고도 효과적인 도구로 사용하였다. Objects : The purpose of this study was to present a model of inpatient group psychotherapy led by a doctor in charge, to evaluate this model in practice, and to give a effective inpatient treatment by application of this model. Methods : The subject composed of 25 psychiatric inpatient. The authors performed this model of group psychotherapy for 6 months and evaluate this model by objective data. Also we analyzed this model globally to get comprehensive understandings. Results : The results of the objective data were as follows : 1) This model was effective to subside patients' symptoms. And the patients estimated this model to be important and helpful to them. 2) Identification with therapist' among therapeutic factors was high rank. This meant that therapist him- or her-self is a important tool for therapy. 3) Therapeutic factors in upper level group was much different from those in lower level group. And various therapeutic factors was used complementarily between two groups. 4) to check '13 therapeutic factors' repeatedly made the patients acquire therapeutic factors spontaneously. And to check 'the most important event' repeatedly gave the opportunity of self-reflection. The results of global analysis to this model were as follows: 1) This group psychotherapy gave a field in which a therapist met patients as human being. 2) This model was easy to perform, and helpful to comprehensive therapeutic approach. 3) This model was able to make the basis of continuous outpatient and day hospital treatment, and the basis of outpatient group psychotherapy or individual psychotherapy. 4) In this model, social workers, nurses, or students in practice played a role of the healthy ego. Therefore they were able to activate group psychotherapy. 5) This model was a practical and useful tool of the education for psychiatric residents, medical students, social works, and other students. Conclusion : This model of group psychotherapy was useful for inpatient treatment and easy to perform in general.

관상동맥내 스텐트 시술시 Aspirin과 Cilostazol 2개월 병합요법

윤명호,탁승제,염철훈,장혁재,최소연,유상용,안성균,고종훈,신준한,김한수,최병일 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

흰쥐에 사염화탄소 투여시 간 Xanthine Oxidase 활성에 미치는 Allopurinol의 영향

윤종국,이혜자,이상일 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCINE 1995 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.1 No.1

사염화탄소에의한 간손상시 CCl₄대사에 xanthine oxidase(XO)가 관련되는지를 규명하기 위한 일환으로 allopurinol을 흰쥐 체중 Kg당 50mg을 전처치한다음 CCl₄를 투여한후 처치하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. CCl₄투여로 인한 간조직의 postmitochondria 분획의 XO활성은 allopurinol을 전처치하므로서 현저히 감소되었으나 투석한 겨울에는 오히려 증가되었으며 type D로부터 type O로의 전환율은 감소되었다. 또한, 투석한 간조직의 XO를 반응속도적인 측면에서 관찰해볼 때 allopurinol을 전처치후 CCl₄투여군이 CCl₄단독투여군보다 Vmax가 크게 나타났다. CCl₄투여로 인한 체중당 간무게의 증가율과 혈청 alanine aminotransferase활성증가율은 allopurinol을 전처치하므로서 저하되었다. 한편 CCl₄투여로인한 간조직중 aniline hydroxylase 및 glucose 6 phosphatase활성감소율은 allopurinol을 전처치하므로서 저하되었다. 이상의 실험결과를 종합하여 볼 때 실험동물에 CCl₄와 allopurinol을 병행투여시 allopurinol이 사염화탄소에의한 간손상을 억제시키는 현상은 XO와 사염화탄소대사간에 관련성이 있음을 시사해주고 있다. To evaluate an effect of xanthine oxidase(XO) reaction system on the carbon tetrachloride(CCl₄) metabolism, CCl₄was given twice at O.1ml/10g body wt. at intervals of 18 hour to the mts and those pretreated with allopurinol (50mg/kg. body wt.). The influence of XO on the metabolism of CCl₄ was focused on the degree of liver damage and the activities of a CCl₄metabolizing marker enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase. The increasing rate of liver weight per body weight and the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase to the control group were more decreased in allopurinol-pretreated rats than in those treated with CCl₄ alone. The liver XO activities were more increased in CC1₄-treated rats than the control group and the CC1₄-treated rats pretreated with allopurinol showed a decreased activities of XO compared to the CC1₄-treated rats. The type conversion (type D --> type O) rate was more decreased tendency in allopurinol pretreated rats than those treated CCl₄alone. In dialyzed liver enzyme preparations, all of the xanthine oxidase activities: CC1₄-treated, allopurinol and CC1₄-treated rats pretreated with allopurinol showed the more increased Vmax value than the control group, but similar Km value. Moreover, CC1₄-treated rats pretreated with allopurinol showed the more increased Vmax value than the group treated with CCl₄alone. In conclusion, it can not be negate the possibility of metabolism of CCl₄by the xanthine oxidase enzyme system.

얇은 막대 배치를 위한 로봇 비젼제어기법의 응용

윤현권,신광수,이성민,김재확,장완식 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 1999 機械技術硏究 Vol.2 No.1

This study is concentrated on the development of real-time estimation model and vision control method as well as the experimental test. The proposed method permits a kind of adaptability not otherwise available in that the relationship between the camera-space location of manipulable visual cues and the vector of manipulator joint coordinates is estimated in real time. This is done based on a estimation model that generalizes known manipulator kinematics to accomodate unknown relative camera position and orientation as well as uncertainty of manipulator. Both large-scale trajectory planning and refined placement precision become possible despite an unknown and/or slowly-changing camera-manipulator juxtaposition. Thus, evidence of the ability of manipulator's vision control method, based on the estimation model and vision control method developed in this paper, is provided by performing the thin-rod placement in space with 2 cues test model which is completed without a prior knowledge of camera or manipulator positions. This feature opens the door to a range of applications of manipulation, including a mobile manipulator with stationary cameras tracking and providing information for control of the manipulator event. It also entails an examination of the limits of placement precision using the presented computer vision system.

Chlamydia Pneumoniae에 대한 헌혈자, 혈액화학검사자 및 Mycoplasma Pneumoniae 항체 검사자의 혈청 항체 보유율

윤갑준,조상래,권오헌,이경원,정윤섭,김현숙 대한감염학회 1993 감염 Vol.25 No.2

Chlamydia pneumoniae infections, known to be very prevalent in many countries, are not reported in Korea to the best of our knowelege. Prevalence of antibodies against C. pneumoniae was determined by the micro-immunofluorescence test. The proportion of sera with antibody titers of ≥16,tested by polyvalent conjugate of IgG, IgM, and IgA (poly-Ig) were blood donor 76.8%, blood chemistry-tested patients 58.0% and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae antibody-tested patients 22.0%. The positive rates by age groups were ≤years 13.5%, 10-19 years 66.7% and over all 49.6%. Only three sera showed IgM antibody titer of ≥, which became negative after absorption with RF-absorbent. Poly-Ig against C. trachomatis was less prevalent and that against Legionella pneumophila rare. None of the sera at 1:8 dilution were positive for the poly-Ig against Coxiella burnetii. It is concluded that the poly-Ig antibody against C. pneumoniae are highly prevalent in the sera of Koreans suggesting the existance of the infection, and for the diagnosis of the infection, the same interpretation criteria of the MIF titer, which is used in other countries, can also be applied in Korea.