An Immunohistochemical Study of ErbB4 Receptor in Alzheimer’s Disease Hippocampus

우란숙,Ji-Hye Lee,Sung-Sam Jung,Yoon-Jung Choy2,Ha-Nul Yu,Kyoung-Min Oh,송대용,Jin Kwon,Tai-Kyoung Baik 대한해부학회 2009 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.42 No.4

Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) signaling participates in numerous neurodevelopmental processes. Although ErbB4, a key NRG1 receptor, is expressed in multiple regions in the adult animal brain, little is known about its expression in aged human brain. We show that ErbB4 immunoreactivity was shown regional difference in the hippocampus of age-matched control and that the distribution of these molecules was altered in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains. Immunohistochemical characterization of the distribution of ErbB4 receptor in the hippocampus relative to pathology staging were performed in age-matched control (Braak stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ, n=5), early AD (Braak stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ, n=5) and advanced AD(Braak stage Ⅴ/Ⅵ, n=10). The intensity of ErbB4 immunoreactivity was higher in neurons of the CA2 than that in CA1 or CA3 in the age-matched control. Particularly, in the early AD, ErbB4 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the apoptotic cells of the CA2 field. In the advanced AD, ErbB4 immunostaining was more intense in the apoptotic cell of the CA2 field. In the dentate gyrus (DG), ErbB4-positive granular cell density was gradually increased in proportion to the progression of pathology of AD brains. We have also found that ErbB4 immunostaining was increased in the nucleus, suggesting that the presenilin-dependent cleavage of ErbB4 generates the soluble ErbB4 ICD (intracellular domain) that translocalized to the nucleus. Together, these results provide the immunohistochemical analysis of ErbB4 receptor in the human hippocampus staged by the progression of pathology of AD.

Effect of Antiplatelet Drugs on the Development of Vitreous Hemorrhage in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Yoon-Jung Choy 대한시과학회 2022 대한시과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

목적: 항혈소판제를 사용했던 심방세동 환자들을 장기적으로 추적 관찰하여 유리체 출혈의 발생률 및 위험요인을 연구하였다. 방법 : 2002년도부터 2006년까지 건강보험공단 자료에서 심방세동으로 진단받은 환자들을 2007년부터 2013 년 12월까지 유리체 출혈의 발생을 경과 관찰하였다. 아스피린, 실로스타졸 사용과 유리체 출혈과의 관계를 알아 보기 위해 투여 기간을 1년 이하 복용, 1년 이상 4년 이하 복용, 4년 이상 복용으로 나누어 검토하였다. 결과 : 총 7,471명의 환자가 선택되었다. 유리체 출혈은 98명이 발생하였다. 아스피린을 먹고 있던 총 25명 중 1년 이하로 복용한 환자는 9명(36%), 1년 이상~4년 이하로 복용한 환자는 9명(36%), 4년 이상 복용한 환자 는 7명(28%)이었다. 아스피린을 1년 이상~4년 이하로 복용 후 유리체 출혈 발생의 위험도는 0.799(p=0.634), 4 년 이상은 0.489(p=0.158)이었다. 실로스타졸을 먹고 있던 총 13명 중 1년 이하로 복용한 환자는 7명(53.8%), 1 년 이상~4년 이하로 복용한 환자는 4명(30.8%), 4년 이상 복용한 환자는 2명(15.4%)이었다. 실로스타졸을 1년 이상~4년 이하로 복용 후 유리체 출혈 발생의 위험도는 0.757(p=0.657), 4년 이상은 1.202(p=0.819)이었다. 12년간 추적관찰한 유리체 출혈은 4.6%의 누적 발생률을 보였다. 결론 : 심방세동 환자를 장기간 추적 관찰한 결과, 아스피린과 실로스타졸의 사용이 유리체 출혈의 위험을 증 가시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 유리체 출혈이 있는 환자에서는 당뇨병과 고혈압의 빈도가 높기 때문에 유리체 출혈은 다인성인 것으로 나타났다. Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of vitreous hemorrhage in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) using thrombolytic agents with long-term follow-up. Methods : Patients diagnosed with AF between 2002 and 2006 were selected from the National Health Insurance Corporation database and followed-up from 2007 to 2013. To investigate the relationship between the use of antiplatelets (aspirin and cilostazol) and vitreous hemorrhage, patients were divided based on length of antiplatelet use (<1 year, 1~4 years, and ≥4 years). Results : A total of 7,471 patients were enrolled. Ninety-eight patients developed vitreous hemorrhage, of which 25 patients were taking aspirin (<1 year: 9[36%] patients, 1~4 years: 9[36%] patients, and ≥4 years: 7[28%] patients). The hazard ratio for developing vitreous hemorrhage after taking aspirin for 1~4 years was 0.799 and for ≥4 years was 0.489. In addition, 13 patients who developed vitreous hemorrhage were taking cilostazol (<1 year: 7[53.8%] patients, 1~4 years: 4[30.8%] patients, and ≥4 years: 2[15.4%] patients). The hazard ratios for developing vitreous hemorrhage after taking cilostazol for 1~4 years and for ≥4 years were 0.757 and 1.202, respectively. The cumulative incidence of vitreous hemorrhage at 12-years follow-up was 4.6%. Conclusion : Long-term follow-up of patients with AF revealed that the use of aspirin and cilostazol may increase the risk of vitreous hemorrhage. However, vitreous hemorrhage was found to be multifactorial because the frequency of diabetic mellitus and hypertension was high in patients with vitreous hemorrhage.

Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Values of Normotensive and Glaucomatous Rats Using Two Types of Tonometers

Yoon-Jung Choy,Jee-Hyun Choi 대한시과학회 2018 대한시과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

목적: 우리는 두 종류의 안압계로 정상 범위 안압과 녹내장 쥐 모델의 안압을 측정하여 안압값을 비교하였다. 두 안압계 중 어느 것이 더 쉽고 정확하게 동물 모델의 안압을 측정할 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 녹내장 눈은 6주령 수컷 Sparque-Dawley (SD) 쥐의 오른쪽 눈 전방에 점탄물질 히알루론산을 주입하여 유도하였으며 정상 대조군으로는 동일 쥐의 좌안을 사용하였다. 안압은 오후 3시경 리바운드 압평 안압계 (Tonolab)와 함입 안압계 (Tonopen® XL)로 측정하였다. 결과: 대조군인 정상 안압 눈의 평균 안압은 토노펜으로 측정 시 10.80 ± 1.03 mmHg, 토노랩으로 측정시 15.10 ± 0.73 mmHg으로 측정되었다. 이 수치들은 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다 (p = .1). 실험군인 녹내장 눈의 평균 안압은 토노펜으로 측정 시 30.20 ± 2.67 mmHg, 토노랩으로 측정 시 37.90 ± 2.73mmHg로 측정되었다. 이 수치들은 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다 (p = .95). 고안압인 녹내장 눈을 두 안압계로 잰 수치들은 강한 양의 상관관계를 지니고 있었다 (r = .904, p < .01). 결론: 이 연구는 두 가지 유형의 안압계를 사용하여 정상 범위 안압과 전방에 점탄물질을 삽입하여 유도한 녹내장 모델의 안압값을 비교한 최초의 연구이다. 토노펜은 안압이 정상범위일 때는 주의해서 사용해야 하며, 토노펜과 토노랩은 안압이 높은 범위일 때는 두 안압계 모두 안정적으로 사용될 수 있다. Purpose : We compared intraocular pressure (IOP) values measured by two types of tonometers in condition of normotensive and glaucomatous rat model. We tried to determine which of tonometer can more easily and accurately measure the IOP of animal model. Methods : Glaucomatous eyes were induced by intracameral injections of hyaluronic acid in right eyes of six-week-old male Spargue-Dawley (SD) rats. Normotensive contralateral eyes were left eyes of the SD rats. IOP was measured using a rebound tonometer (Tonolab) and a immersive tonometer (Tonopen® XL) about 3:00 pm. Results : The mean IOP values of normotensive control eyes were 10.80 ± 1.03 mmHg by Tonopen, and 15.10 ± 0.73 mmHg by Tonolab. They were statistically insignificant (p = .1). The mean IOP values of glaucomatous experimental eyes were 30.20 ± 2.67 mmHg by Tonopen, and 37.90 ± 2.73 mmHg by Tonolab. They were statistically insignificant (p = .95). High IOP values of glaucomatous eyes by two types of tonometers had strong positive correlation each other (r = .904, p < .01). Conclusion : This is the first study to compare IOP values using two types of tonometers between normotensive and glaucomatous model made by intracameral injection of hyaluronic acid. Tonopen should be used carefully when the IOP is within normal range, and both Tonopen and Tonolab can be used reliably when the IOP is high.

Expression of Slit2 and Robo Receptors in High Tension Glaucoma: a Rat Glaucoma Model

Yoon-Jung Choy,Jae-Ho Shin,Pu reum Seok,Jee-Hyun Choi 대한검안학회 2017 Annals of optometry and contact lens Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness. This study investigated immunoreactive changes in Slit2 and Robo receptors in the retinal ganglion cell layer of a rodent model of acute glaucoma. Methods: An acute glaucoma model using Sprague-Dawley rats was made via weekly intracameral injections of hyaluronic acid. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured twice weekly for 4 weeks using a rebound tonometer in an experimental group of 10 rats and a control group of five rats for 4 weeks. Enucleation was performed on postoperative week 4. The trimmed retinas were processed for anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), anti-Slit2, and anti-Robo1, anti-Robo2, anti-Robo3, and anti-Robo4 immunochemical analysis. Results: The IOPs in the experimental group were approximately four times higher than IOPs in the control group. The GFAP, Slit2, and Robo4 immunoreactivity in the experimental group was higher than the corresponding values in the control group. Conclusions: This is the first study to investigate immunoreactive changes in Slit2 and Robo receptors following intracameral hyaluronic acid injection, which was used to create a rat glaucoma model. Our results indicate that Slit2 and Robo4 potentially contribute to the progression of high tension glaucoma, especially in inducing ischaemic injury.

A New Intercalation Complex, C₆₀(C₂H₈N₂)₆-FeOCI

Choy, Jin-Ho,Park, Nam-Gyu,Yoon, Joo-Byoung,Jung, Hyun Korean Chemical Society 2002 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.23 No.9

Binocular Visual Function in Patients with Normal Tension Glaucoma

Jung-Un Jang,Joo-Hyung Choi,Yoon-Jung Choy,Koon-Ja Lee 대한시과학회 2021 대한시과학회지 Vol.23 No.3

목적 : 본 연구는 정상 안압 녹내장(NTG) 환자에서 양안시 기능을 평가하고자 한다. 방법 : 대상자 총 64명 중 안과에 내원하여 전문의에게 정상 안압 녹내장 진단을 받은 환자 정상 안압 녹내장 41명과 정상안 26명을 대상으로 하였다. 시야검사, 안압검사, 망막신경섬유층 두께 측정을 시행하였으며, 양안 시 기능 평가를 위해 사위각, 폭주근점검사, 티티무스와 TNO 입체시 검사를 시행하였다. 검사결과는 SPSS 22.0을 이용하여 분석하였으며 양안시 스크리닝과 입체시 기능을 분석하기 위해 ROC 곡선을 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과 : 정상안압 녹내장군에서 망막신경섬유층 두께와 남아있는 시야가 감소하였다. 원근거리 폭주여력은 정상 안압 녹내장군에서 정상군보다 높게 나타났다. 티티무스 입체시는 정상안압 녹내장군에서 102.36±4.40"이며 정상군에서는 44.61±1.85"으로 나타났으며, TNO 입체시는 정상안압 녹내장군에서 231.97±30.96"이며 정상군에서는 89.42±12.02"으로 나타났다. ROC 곡선은 티티무스와 TNO 입체시 검사에서 각각 0.797과 0.807로 나타 났고, 민감도와 특이도는 티티무스 입체시 검사에서 각각 0.737, 0.731, TNO 입체시 검사에서는 각각 0.500, 0.115로 나타났다. 결론 : 티티무스 입체시검사는 정상 안압 녹내장 선별에 유용할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : This study aims to describe the binocular visual function alterations in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG). Methods : Of the patients who went to the ophthalmologist and were diagnosed, a total of 67 subjects of which 41 were classified as NTG, 26 non-glaucoma patients (control group) were participated. Standard visual field test, intra ocular pressure (IOP) measurement and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) obsevation were performed. Also examined with binocular tests consisting of the measurement of phoria angles, near point of convergence (NPC), stereo acuity according to Titmus and TNO stereo tests. All measurements among groups were statistically compared with the SPSS 22.0 and ROC curves were plotted to describe the screening ability of binocular and stereopsis values. Results : NTG subjects showed decreased RNFL and visual field index. In far and near vision, NTG subjects were worse compared to in the control group except for fusional reserve. In Titmus test, NTG subjects exhibited stereo acuity of 102.36±14.40" whereas control group exhibited 44.61±1.85". In TNO test showed 231.97±30.96" for the NTG and 89.42±12.02" for the control group. The area under ROC for Titmus and TNO stereo test were 0.797 and 0.807. The sensitivity, specificity of Titmus stereo test were 0.737 and 0.731, and those of TNO stereo test were 0.500 and 0.115. Conclusion : Titmus stereo acuity could be used as the gold standard for screening tools for NTG.

Photocatalytic antibacterial effect of TiO₂ film formed on Ti and TiAg exposed to Lactobacillus acidophilus

Choi, Jung-Yoon,Kim, Kyung-Ho,Choy, Kwang-Chul,Oh, Keun-Taek,Kim, Kyoung-Nam Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Vol. No.

<P>When irradiated under near-ultraviolet (UV) light, TiO<SUB>2</SUB> exhibits strong bactericidal activity. The TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalyst would be effective on orthodontic appliances after its antibacterial effect on the carcinogenic microorganism Lactobacillus acidophilus is evaluated. To compare the antibacterial effect of two crystalline forms of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, rutile and anatase, thermal oxidation and anodic oxidation were employed to form each structure, respectively. The antibacterial effect of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film on TiAg was also compared with that on Ti. Bacterial solutions were pipetted onto the TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-coated specimen and illuminated with UVA (2 × 15 W, black light, 356 nm) up to 100 min and the reaction solutions were incubated to count the colony-forming units. The antibacterial activity of the coated specimens was similar to that of the uncoated group. The antibacterial activity of the coated specimens of TiAg was not different from that of Ti. TiO<SUB>2</SUB> coatings formed on both Ti and TiAg specimens did not exhibit cytotoxicity on the L-929 cells of mice. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2007</P>

행위 표현 언어를 이용한 CyberClass 아바타 시스템의 구현

김정희(Jung-Hee Kim),김재경(Jae-Kyung Kim),최윤철(Yoon-Chul Choy),임순범(Soon-Bum Lim) 한국멀티미디어학회 2004 한국멀티미디어학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2004 No.1

하이퍼미디어 시스템의 저작을 위한 멀티미디어 통합 편집기의 설계

김정훈(Jung-Hoon Kim),고영곤(Young-Kon Ko),최윤철(Yoon-Chul Choy) 한국정보과학회 1993 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.20 No.2

본 논문에서는 기존의 하이퍼텍스트에서 사용한 링크의 개념을 멀티미디어 데이타에도 적용이 가능한, 멀티미디어 통합 편집기에 대해 기술한다. 멀티미디어 데이타는 입력, 처리, 저장할 수 있는 여러개의 편집기를 통해서 새로운 데이타로 생성된다. 이렇게 생성된 데이타들은 복합 편지기를 통해 하나의 노드내에 통합되어 사용자에게 보여줄 수 있다. 또한 각각의 편집기는 각 미디어를 처리할 수 있는 기능도 가지고 있다.

풍력발전 계통연계 평가기준 연구

최영도(Choy, Young-Do),전영수(Jeon, Young-Soo),박영신(Park, Young-Shin),전동훈(Jeon, Dong-Hoon),윤기갑(Yoon, Ki-Kab),박상호(Park, Sang-Ho),신정훈(Shin, Jung-Hoon),이재걸(Lee, Jae-Gul) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 신재생에너지 Vol.6 No.1

In Korea, experiences in wind farm operation are limited and the foundation for setting standards in electrical system connection is still weak in comparison to the operation experience in connection of wind power to the electrical system of other countries around the world. Therefore, standards that are being applied in various countries for connection and optimal operation in wind farms need to be examined, and in addition, procedures for the assessment of the effects on the system are needed for setting connection standards and optimal operation plans in accordance with Korean electrical system characteristics. In this study, procedures for the assessment of effects of wind power connection to the electrical system are presented.