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Melatonin plus exercise-based neurorehabilitative therapy for spinal cord injury
Hong, Yonggeun,Palaksha, K. J.,Park, Kanghui,Park, Sookyoung,Kim, Hyun-Dong,Reiter, Russel J.,Chang, Kyu-Tae Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Journal of pineal research Vol.49 No.3
<P>Abstract: </P><P>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord caused by the trauma or disease that results in compromised or loss of body function. Subsequent to SCI in humans, many individuals have residual motor and sensory deficits that impair functional performance and quality of life. The available treatments for SCI are rehabilitation therapy, activity-based therapies, and pharmacological treatment using antioxidants and their agonists. Among pharmacological treatments, the most efficient and commonly used antioxidant for experimental SCI treatment is melatonin, an indolamine secreted by pineal gland at night. Melatonin’s receptor-independent free radical scavenging action and its broad-spectrum antioxidant activity makes it an ideal antioxidant to protect tissue from oxidative stress-induced secondary damage after SCI. Owing to the limitations of an activity-based therapy and antioxidant treatment singly on the functional recovery and oxidative stress-induced secondary damages after SCI, a melatonin plus exercise treatment may be a more effective therapy for SCI. As suggested herein, supplementation with melatonin in conjunction with exercise not only would improve the functional recovery by enhancing the beneficial effects of exercise but would reduce the secondary tissue damage simultaneously. Finally, melatonin may protect against exercise-induced fatigue and impairments. In this review, based on the documented evidence regarding the beneficial effects of melatonin, activity-based therapy and the combination of both on functional recovery, as well as reduction of secondary damage caused by oxidative stress after SCI, we suggest the melatonin combined with exercise would be a novel neurorehabilitative strategy for the faster recovery after SCI.</P>
Analysis of the communications of sleepy nodes in constrained node networks
YongGeun Hong,JooSang Youn,MyungKi Shin 한국산업정보학회 2014 한국산업정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
This paper describes the use cases of communication considering sleepy nodes and the problems of connecting to sleepy nodes in constrained node networks. The use cases of communications between sleepy nodes and non-sleepy nodes are classified by the end-to-end communication and the network topology. The adaptation of power saving in constrained nodes raises compelling problems in network layer/transport/application layer. In this paper, problems of each layer in a sleepy node are described.
대장암 세포주에서 메타아비산 나트륨에 의한 G1 세포주기 정지
홍윤경(Yunkyung Hong),김선미(Sunmi Kim),이승훈(Seunghoon Lee),강재선(Jae Seon Kang),홍용근(Yonggeun Hong) 대한약학회 2011 약학회지 Vol.55 No.5
KML001 reduced the proliferation of HCT116 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner without change of cell viability. Beclin-1 expression was significantly attenuated by KML001 (P<0.05), but no significant changes were observed in KML001-treated cells. The number of cells in G1 phase was increased 48 hr after KML001 treatment. Furthermore, a dramatic reduction in the frequency of beating and the number of embryoid bodies of the cells was noted after treatment. Taken together, KML001 suppresses the proliferation of HCT116 cells, which might be due to G1 phase arrest.
Molecular Interactions of Autophagy with the Immune System and Cancer
Jin, Yunho,Hong, Yunkyung,Park, Chan Young,Hong, Yonggeun MDPI AG 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.8
<P>Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic mechanism that mediates the degradation of damaged cellular components by inducing their fusion with lysosomes. This process provides cells with an alternative source of energy for the synthesis of new proteins and the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in stressful environments. Autophagy protects against cancer by mediating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Innate immune receptors and lymphocytes (T and B) are modulated by autophagy, which represent innate and adaptive immune responses, respectively. Numerous studies have demonstrated beneficial roles for autophagy induction as well as its suppression of cancer cells. Autophagy may induce either survival or death depending on the cell/tissue type. Radiation therapy is commonly used to treat cancer by inducing autophagy in human cancer cell lines. Additionally, melatonin appears to affect cancer cell death by regulating programmed cell death. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of autophagy and its regulation in cancer.</P>