A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea

Yong Sung Choi,정성훈,김은선,Eun Sun Kim,Eunhee Lee,Euiseok Jung,So-Yeon Lee,이우령,Hye Sun Yoon,Yong Joo Kim,Ji Kyoung Park,Son Moon Shin,Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim 대한신생아학회 2022 Neonatal medicine Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: Pediatricians have a significant responsibility to educate mothers about the importance of breastfeeding. However, there have been minimal efforts in the courses of resident training in Korea. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change in knowledge and attitude before and after a 4-week breastfeeding educational intervention among multicenter residents. Methods: Prospective interventional educational research was designed for residents at eight training hospitals in Korea. Institutional reviews were obtained in each hospital. The education curriculum consisted of 14 courses regarding breastfeeding theory and practice. These materials were used to teach pediatric residents for 4 weeks. Knowledge-based tests were administered before the course, and re-tests were administered after the course using different test items of similar levels. Test scores and survey responses were compared before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 73 residents (1st year 20, 2nd year 23, 3rd year 16, and 4th year residents 14) from eight training hospitals completed the intervention. Their average age was 30.3±2.9 years, 17 (23.3%) were male, 22 (30.1%) were married, and eight had more than one child of their own. The mean pre-test score was 61.8±13.4 and the mean post-test score was 78.3±7.5 (P<0.001). The inter-grade difference in the score was significant in the pre-test (P=0.005), but not significant in the post-test (P=0.155). There were more responses of obtaining confidence after the intervention (P<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, pediatric residents showed improvement in their knowledge and confidence level after 4 weeks of the breastfeeding curriculum. This will provide a basis for future policymaking in the training of pediatric residents regarding breastfeedReceived: 6 January 2022 Revised: 15 February 2022 Accepted: 15 February 2022 Correspondence to: Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-3390 Fax: +82-2-3010-6978 E-mail: arkim@amc.seoul.kr A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea Yong-Sung Choi, MD,PhD1, Sung-Hoon Chung, MD, PhD2, Eun Sun Kim, MD, PhD3, Eun Hee Lee, MD4, Euiseok Jung, MD5, So Yeon Lee, MD, PhD5, Wooryoung Lee, MD6, Hye Sun Yoon, MD, PhD7, Yong Joo Kim, MD, PhD8, Ji Kyoung Park, MD, PhD9, Son Moon Shin, MD, PhD9, and Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD, PhD5 1Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea 2Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea 3Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea 4Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea 5Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 6Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 7Department of Pediatrics, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea 8Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 9Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 pISSN 2287-9412 . eISSN 2287-9803 Copyright(c) 2022 By Korean Society of Neonatology This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Article 29 Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 ing in Korea.

유제놀에 의한 즉시형 알레르기 반응의 억제

김상현,신태용,김형룡,이영미,이은희,신보경,김윤철,안년형,김형민 우석대학교 의약품개발연구소 1996 藥學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

The current study evaluates the capacity of eugenol to regulate immediate allergic reaction by control of histamine release. Administrations of eugenol (1 M/kg. i.p.) at 60 min before and 5.10 min after the compound 48/80 treatment (8 mg/kg.i.p.) were shown the mortality rates as 0.44.4. and 77.8%. respectively. A 60 min before administered group revealed a singificant inhibition of serum his-tamine release compared with those of 5 and 10 min after the compound 48/80 injection. Eugenol (6-48mM) was also showed a dose-dependent activity on the compound 48/80-induced histamine release from the highly purified population of Alcian Blue-positive peritoneal mast cells. These results indicate that in vitro treatment with exogenous eugenol inhibited the active response of mast cell populations and modulated its characteristics.

혈관질환 정보관리 시스템

김동익,김덕경,허세호,이병붕,김용신,김은숙,문지영,도영수,신성욱,김동수,김만태,진재욱,김용신 대한혈관외과학회 2002 Vascular Specialist International Vol.18 No.1

As medical technology progresses rapidly, there is a rise in the average age along with the Korean dietary lifestyle becoming more westernized, which leads to an increase in the number of vascular disease patients in Korea. Thus, we need to manage the medical information of a disease systematically in order to diagnose and treat constructively. However, since there has been no standardized method of man agement to date, a great deal of information could not be properly utilized nor studied. Therefore, the departments of Cardiology, Radiology and Neurology of Samsung Seoul Hospital recently got together to develop an information management system called the Vascular Data System. This program was developed to be run on win98 O/S, upper Pentium Ⅲ, and upper 128 MB Memory, and its source code is Dephi 4.0. It was configured for the user to set the configurations as well as do a variety of search and analysis. If this program were to be updated continuously, it may be used extensively as well as in various parts of clinical research activities.

당뇨병성 합병증을 가진 환자에서 혈중 Erythropoietin 농도

김동규,유기동,허광식,김상용,윤성호,조영신,권용은,김태원,김건영,정종훈,배학연 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.1

연구 배경 : 고혈당성에 의한 산화환원반응 이상(가저산소증)이 조절 되지않는 당뇨병의 특징으로 혈관과 신경 기능에 대한 진성 저산소증의 효과와 유사하며, 당뇨 합병증의 병태생리에 중요한 역할을 한다. 고혈당이 있는 인슐린 비의존형 당뇨병 환자에서 인슐린 수준이 정상이듯이, 빈혈이 있는 당뇨병 환자에서 EPO의 농도는 실제 혈색소 농도의 감소비율과 차이가 있을 것이라 추측된다. Friedman 등은 당뇨병성 합병증 원인 인자로 가저산소증(pseudohypoxia) 또는 저산소증(hypoxia)을 제기하였고 이런 인자들이 EPO의 상대적 또는 절대적 결핍에 의한 것임을 보고하였다. 방법 : EPO-Trac^(TM 125)I RIA kit을 이용하여 방사면역측정법으로 EPO 수준을 검사하였다. 전혈 3㎖을 5-10㎖ 시험관에 정맥 채혈하였으며, 용혈과 장기간의 보존을 위하여 원심분리를 즉시 시행하여 혈청을 영하 200C에서 냉동 보관 후 일괄적으로 검사 결과를 얻었다. 결과 : 1996년 9월부터 1997년 2월까지 조선대학교 부속병원 내과에 입원한 2형 당뇨병 환자 63례를 대상으로 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 당뇨병성 합병증이 없는 군과 있는 군간의 혈색소, 혈중 EPO농도의 차이는 유의한 차이가 있었으며 혈색소의 감소율보다 혈중 EPO의 감소율이 더 높았다. 2) 당뇨병성 망막증의 유무에 따른 혈색소 농도의 차이는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 혈중 EPO농도는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 증식성군에서만 혈중 EPO의 감소비율이 혈색소에 비해 높았다. 3) 당뇨병성 신증의 유무에 따른 혈색소, 혈중 EPO농도는 유의한 차이가 있었고 혈색소 감소율에 비해 EPO농도의 감소율이 높았다. 신증의 중증도에 따른 혈색소, EPO의 차이는 미세알부민뇨군을 제외하고는 유의한 차이를 보였고 혈색소 감소율에 비해 EPO의 감소율이 더높았다. 4) 당뇨병성 신경병증의 유무에 따른 혈색소 농도의 차이는 유의한 차이가 없었으며 EPO농도는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 혈색소와 EPO의 감소비율은 비슷하였다. 신경병증의 중등도에 따른 혈색소와 EPO농도의 변화는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 stage 3에서는 혈색소감소율보다 EPO감소율이 더높았다. 결론 : 당뇨병성 합병증을 가진 환자에서 빈혈의 정도는 대부분 혈청 EPO치의 절대적 감소에 의함을 간접적으로 밝혀낼 수 있었으며 차후 더 많은 대상으로 비교 분석이 필요하리라 사료된다. Background: Hyperglycemic-induced redox(pseudohypoxia) imbalance is a characteristic feature of poorly controlled diabetes that mimics the effects of true hypoxia on vascular and neural functions and plays an important role on the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. As is true for apparently "normal" insulin levels typically found in NIDDM even in the presence of hyperglycemia, a "normal" erythropoietin level in an anemic diabetic subject may be disproportionally low for the actual red cell mass. Therefore, Friedman et al suggested that pseudohypoxia or hypoxia as an etiological factor of diabetic complications are due to absolute or relative erythropoietin deficiency Method: EPO-TracTM 125I RIA kit was used for the quantitative determination of erythropoietin(EPO) in serum by radioimmunoassay. An adequate sample of blood (3ml whole blood) was collected aseptically by venipuncture in a 5~10ml glass tube to yield a minimum of 400 L of serum per assay. The serum was promptly removed from the clot by centrifugation in order to avoid hemolysis. Then to increase its storage time it was frozen at -200C in a nonself defrosting freezer. Finally, tests were undertaken simultaneously Results We studied 63 cases with diabetes mellitus, who were admitted to Chosun University Hospital from September, 1996 to February, 1997 at the Department of Internal Medicine. We defined the control group, as diabetic patients who did not have anemia(<13mg/dl), diabetic complications(retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy) and the remainders were defined as the experimental group(we excluded anemic patients, who had secondary causes of anemia and diabetic patients with end stage renal disease)Data were as follow 1) The relationship of Hb and the 24hr urine protein between diabetic patients with and without complications significantly differed(p=0.02, < 0.001 respectively), but the Hb level was poorly related between diabetic patients with and without retinopathy(except in preproliferative, proliferative subgroups) and neuropathy. 2) Subgroups of patients with diabetic complications had higher 24hr urine protein than patients without diabetic complications, except stage I diabetic neuropathy 3) The EPO level was significantly different between diabetic patients with and without complications. 4) The correlation between EPO and Hb was significantly different, especially in diabetic patients with retinopathy and nephropathy according to severity of diabetic complications, compared with patients who did not have diabetic complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy. Conclusion: We know that anemia induced by diabetic complications is due to relative EPO deficiency than absolute EPO deficiency, and further evaluation and studies are needed on many cases in the future

자궁내막암 환자에서 복강경하 자궁적출술과 복식 자궁적출술의 비교 연구

김종혁,이상수,김천복,김대연,김용만,김영탁,목정은,남주현 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 2003 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.14 No.4

목적 : 자궁내막암 환자에서 시행된 복강경 수술의 임상적 결과를 평가하고 수술적 지표 및 재발률에 대하여 기존의 개복 수술과 비교하고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 1997년 8월부터 2003년 11월까지 저자들은 임상적 병기 I기인 79명의 자궁내막암 환자에서 복강경하 자궁적출술과 골반 및 부대동맥 림프절 절제술을 시행하였다. 총 79명의 환자 중, 수술적 병기 I기와 II기로 판명된 74명의 환자를 연구 대상으로 하였다. 대조군으로는 같은 기간 동안에 개복수술을 시행한 환자중 복강경 수술군과 병기가 같은 168예를 선정하였다. 결과 : 평균 수술 기간, 수혈량은 양군에서 비슷하였으며, 평균 재원 기간은 복강경 수술군에서 유의하게 짧았다. 수술전후 및 만성 합병증의 발생은 개복 수술군에서 유의하게 증가되었으며, 획득한 림프절의 수는 복강경 수술군에서 유의하게 더 많았다. 복강경 수술군에서 1예, 개복 수술군에서는 2예에서 재발하였고, 2년 무병 생존률은 복강경 수술군과 개복 수술군에서 각각 97.5%와 98.6%으로 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 자궁내막암 치료로서 복강경 수술은 기존의 개복술을 대신할 수 있는 안전하고 효과적인 시술 방법이다. 개복 수술과 비교해 볼 때, 재발 및 생존율 면에서 차이가 없었지만, 향후 전향적이고 더 오랜 추적기간을 갖는 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. Objective : To evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic surgery and to compare surgical parameters and recurrence rate of these with those of conventional abdominal surgery in patients with endometrial cancer. Methods : From August 1997 to November 2003, we have performed 79 cases of LAVH (laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy) with or without lymph node dissection. Laparoscopic approach was adapted in patients with FIGO clinical stage I by imaging study. Of the 79 patients, 74 patients who were proved to be surgical stage I and II were enrolled in this comparative study. As a control group, We selected 168 cases for the laparotomy group of the same stages. Results : The mean duration of surgery, the amount of blood transfusion and hemoglobin chamges were similar in both the laparoscory and the convertional alparotomy group. The mean duration of hospital stay was significantly shorter in patients treated by laparoscopic surgery (10.2 vs. 15.5 days). The number of lymph node obtained was significantly higher in the laparoscopy group. Two year recurrence-free survival rates were 97.5% in laparoscopy group and 98.6% in laparotomy group (p=0.763). Conclusion : Laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of early stage endometrial cancer is safe and effective altematives in terms of perioperative complications. Overall and recurrence-free survival did not differ significantly in both groups however long term risk for recurrence and survival has yet to be defined.

당뇨병성 합병증을 가진 환자에서 혈증 Erythropoietin 농도

김동규,유기동,허광식,김상용,윤성호,조영신,권용은,김태원,김건영,정종훈,배학연 조선의대 1998 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.23 No.1

數種의 弗素製材에 의해 前處置 再植 齒牙의 祖織學的 反應에 關한 硏究

金鐘秀,金殷淑,金鐘好,金容琦 大韓小兒齒科學會 1997 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.24 No.2

The effect of fluoride pretreatment upon root resorption after delayed replantation was studied in beagle dogs. Upper and lower incisors were extracted and bench dried for 45minutes. 1% Stannous Fluoride solution, 2% neutral sodium fluoride gel and 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel were used for the pre-treatment of replanted root surface in the experimental groups. Replantation was done with no treatment in control group. After of an experimental periods 3 weeks, animals were sacrificed by perfusion followed by sample preparation. A histomorphometric method was applied for evaluation of tissue reactions observed in each group under light microscope. Scanning electron microscopic observation was done to find out any different surface topography between groups. The results were as follows: 1. Fluoride-treated groups showed in general the better healing patterns than untreated control group. 2. Comparisons between three experimental groups revealed the superiority of APF-treated group over the other groups in terms of tissue healing reaction by showing the highest frequency in uncomplicated healing pattern and surface resorption and the lowest in inflammatory resorption, but with no statistical significance(p>.05) 3. Scanning elecron micrographs showed the irregular distribution of resorption cavitie s and the attached bone of variable size and shape in all groups. 4. It can be conclued that the types of fluoride did not have significant impact on the early tissue reactions after delayed replantation under the condition of the present experiment.

학업/비학업자아개념, 학교태도 및 학교적응간의 관계 탐색

金龍來,金兌垠 弘益大學校 敎育硏究所 2001 敎育硏究論叢 Vol.- No.18

The purpose of this examination was to find out the relationship among secondary school learners' academic/nonacademic self-concept, school-related attitudes and school-related coping. And in order to achieve the purpose of this examination sampled middle/high school learners in Seoul and other areas. The instruments used for the data collection were 「Self-Concept Scale」 (Kim, Yong-Rae, 1995), 「School-Related Attitudes Scale」 (Kim, Yong-Rea, Lee, Hye-Won, 1996) and 「School-Related Coping Scale」 (Kim, Yong-Rae, 2000). The collected data analyses were performed using SPSS Win (10 V) program, and analysed Mean score (M), Standard Deviation (SD), Zero-Order Correlation (γ) and Multi-Regression Analysis. All statistic values were tested by t-test and F-test in the significant level of p< .05. And as for the major findings of this examination, only three variables - 'school general self-concept', 'teacher-related attitudes' and 'instruction related attitudes' among all research variables for this examination were significantly positive influences on Korea secondary school learners' "school-related coping" respectively.

자아개념과 정서지능의 관계

김용래,김태은 홍익대학교 2002 敎育硏究論叢 Vol.- No.19

The purpose of this study was to conceptualize the `Emotional Intelligence' and the 'Self-Concept' through an analysis of the related literature. and to find out the relationships between secondary school learners' emotional intelligence(EI) and self-concept(SC). And in order to achieve the purpose of this study analysed the related literatures and the subjects were sampled voluntarily 320 middle and high school learners in Seoul and other areas. The scales/instruments used for data collection were 「Emotional Intelligence Scale」 (Moon, Yong-Lin, 1996) and 「Self-Concept Scale] (Kim, Yong-Rae, 1995), the collected data processing was performed by SPSS/PC+ program, and analysed zero-order correlation between two variables and multiple regression, and all statistic value (r, R^2, R^2ch, andβ) were tested by F-test and t-test at the significant level of p < .05. As for the major contents of the findings in this study were as follows: First, "Self-concept is the level or degree of the evaluative attitudes and beliefs about 'the self' based feelings and views that was formed through interaction between self and significant others and various experiences in environment/situation" Second, "Emotional intelligence is multifactorial array of interrelated emotional, personal, and social abilities - the ability to accurately perceive and appraise self, to be aware of and understand self-emotions, to effectively manage self-emotions, to control self-emotions, to adapt and adjust self-feelings and thoughts to new situations, to solve self-personal and interpersonal problems, to be aware of and understand others emotions, and to relate well others". And addition to these abilities, emotional intelligence may be include following the abilities - the ability to be positive and to look at the brighter side of life, to feel content with self, others, and life in general, to be self-reliant and free of emotional dependency on others, to identify with and feel part of our social groups, and to achieve goals and actualize self-potential. Third, the correlation between learners 'emotional intelligence' and 'self-concept' was relatively in meaningful positive relationships. Learners nonacademic self-concept was more influence on emotional intelligence than academic self-concept. Personality self-concept and family self-concept among nonacademic self-concept subfactors influenced on emotional intelligence and its subfactors respectively. And the personality self-concept was in meaningful higher power of influence on the emotional intelligence than the family self-concept.

두경부 마사지가 중환자실 환자의 수면과 불안에 미치는 효과

김미용,전선영,송윤희,최은진,김재희,김미성,주명순,김남선 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: This study was to apply head and neck massage to patients in intensive care unit and to inventigate the effect of that massage on sleep and state anxiety. Method: The subjects in this study were 27 patients who were admitted in medical intensive care unit. The study was performed from June thru September of 2005 on the One-group pretest-posttest design and the sleep, state anxiety of the subjects were measured before and after head and neck massage. For data analysis, paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were utilized. Result: The first hypothesis that the subjects might have a better sleep after being exposed to head and neck massage was accepted. The second hypothesis that the subjects might feel less state anxiety afrer being exposed to head and neck massage was accepted. The third hypothesis that the sleep of the ICU patients maight be correlated to their anxiety was accepted, as there appeared correlation between their sleep and anxiety. Conclusion: Head and neck massage is identified as one of independent nursing interwentions to improve the sleep of ICU patients and ease their anxiety, and it is necessary to apply it to clinical practices.