KETCH1 imports HYL1 to nucleus for miRNA biogenesis in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Zhang, Zhonghui,Guo, Xinwei,Ge, Chunxiao,Ma, Zeyang,Jiang, Mengqiu,Li, Tianhong,Koiwa, Hisashi,Yang, Seong Wook,Zhang, Xiuren National Academy of Sciences 2017 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.114 No.15

<P>MicroRNA (miRNA) is processed from primary transcripts with hairpin structures (pri-miRNAs) by microprocessors in the nucleus. How cytoplasmic-borne microprocessor components are transported into the nucleus to fulfill their functions remains poorly understood. Here, we report KETCH1 (karyopherin enabling the transport of the cytoplasmic HYL1) as a partner of hyponastic leaves 1 (HYL1) protein, a core component of microprocessor in Arabidopsis and functional counterpart of DGCR8/Pasha in animals. Null mutation of ketch1 is embryonic-lethal, whereas knockdown mutation of ketch1 caused morphological defects, reminiscent of mutants in the miRNA pathway. ketch1 knockdown mutation also substantially reduced miRNA accumulation, but did not alter nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of miRNAs. Rather, the mutation significantly reduced nuclear portion of HYL1 protein and correspondingly compromised the pri-miRNA processing in the nucleus. We propose that KETCH1 transports HYL1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus to constitute functional microprocessor in Arabidopsis. This study provides insight into the largely unknown nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking process of miRNA biogenesis components through eukaryotes.</P>

Chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite coatings on porous Ti6Al4V titanium implants: in vitro and in vivo studies

Zhang, Ting,Zhang, Xinwei,Mao, Mengyun,Li, Jiayi,Wei, Ting,Sun, Huiqiang Korean Academy of Periodontology 2020 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.50 No.6

Purpose: Titanium implants are widely used in the treatment of dentition defects; however, due to problems such as osseointegration failure, peri-implant bone resorption, and periimplant inflammation, their application is subject to certain restrictions. The surface modification of titanium implants can improve the implant success rate and meet the needs of clinical applications. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of porous titanium with a chitosan/hydroxyapatite coating on osseointegration. Methods: Titanium implants with a dense core and a porous outer structure were prepared using a computer-aided design model and selective laser sintering technology, with a fabricated chitosan/hydroxyapatite composite coating on their surfaces. In vivo and in vitro experiments were used to assess osteogenesis. Results: The quasi-elastic gradient and compressive strength of porous titanium implants were observed to decrease as the porosity increased. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that, the porous titanium implants had no biological toxicity; additionally, the porous structure was shown to be superior to dense titanium with regard to facilitating the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. The in vivo experimental results also showed that the porous structure was beneficial, as bone tissue could grow into the pores, thereby exhibiting good osseointegration. Conclusions: Porous titanium with a chitosan/hydroxyapatite coating promoted MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and differentiation, and also improved osseointegration in vitro. This study has meaningful implications for research into ways of improving the surface structures of implants and promoting implant osseointegration.

A multiple level set method for modeling grain boundary evolution of polycrystalline materials

Zhang, Xinwei,Chen, Jiun-Shyan,Osher, Stanley Techno-Press 2008 Interaction and multiscale mechanics Vol.1 No.2

In this paper, we model grain boundary evolution based on a multiple level set method. Grain boundary migration under a curvature-induced driving force is considered and the level set method is employed to deal with the resulting topological changes of grain structures. The complexity of using a level set method for modeling grain structure evolution is due to its N-phase nature and the associated geometry compatibility constraint. We employ a multiple level set method with a predictor-multicorrectors approach to reduce the gaps in the triple junctions down to the grid resolution level. A ghost cell approach for imposing periodic boundary conditions is introduced without solving a constrained problem with a Lagrange multiplier method or a penalty method. Numerical results for both uniform and random grain structures evolution are presented and the results are compared with the solutions based on a front tracking approach (Chen and Kotta et al. 2004b).

Numerical investigation on the multiphase flow field at various muzzle velocities

Jinghui Zhang,Yonggang Yu,Xinwei Zhang 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.8

To predict the multiphase flow field during the underwater launch, a twodimensional (2D) transient model and a visual experiment platform were employed. The simulated graphs were compared to the experimental photos, and the results indicate the reasonableness of the model. Furthermore, the effects of muzzle velocity on the flow field were investigated. The results demonstrate that a partially formed bottle-shaped shock wave is generated when t = 0.4 ms for various velocities, and a greater muzzle velocity can accelerate its expansion process. Additionally, the maximum displacement of the Mach disk fulfills the binomial law with the muzzle velocity. The maximum peak pressure of oscillations increases with the greater muzzle velocity, but the duration of pressure oscillations decreases.

Design of Balanced Dual-Band Bandpass Filter with Self-Feedback Structure

Xinwei Chen,Guorui Han,Runbo Ma,Jiangrui Gao,Wenmei Zhang 한국전자통신연구원 2009 ETRI Journal Vol.31 No.4

A balanced dual-band bandpass filter based on λ/2 stepped-impedance resonators and open-loop resonators is proposed in this letter. By employing a type of self-feedback structure, an extra transmission zero is introduced near the common-mode resonance frequency, and the common-mode signal is suppressed. The measured results indicate that the filter can operate in 2.46 GHz and 5.6 GHz bands, and the insertion loss is 1.85 dB and 1.9 dB, respectively. Also, better common-mode suppression is achieved.

Design of LPG Remote Cargo Operation Simulator with Automatic Bargaining Function

Zhang Qiang,Zhou Xinwei 국제이네비해양경제학회 2019 International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Vol.13 No.1

Liquefied gas carrier cargo handling operations are critical to ship safety. In order to improve the quality and efficiency of cargo handling of liquefied gas carriers, the loading and unloading operation of the liquefied gas carrier was studied and a set of LPG remote cargo operation simulator with automatic bargaining function was designed. Introducing the components of the simulator: the console unit and the simulated cargo tank unit in brief, the design ideas and specific functions of the automatic barge and remote control of the core part of the system are introduced in detail. The simulator feasibility verification is carried out by comparing the error between the actual loading and unloading operation with the system simulation loading and unloading operation. The simulation training functions verification is carried out by testing people who use the simulator for training. The final results show that the error is within the acceptable range, and people who use the simulator for training can pass an authoritative comprehensive exam. It is shown that that the system can simulate the important operations in the cargo handling process and has an excellent training effect.

The Study of Newly-supplemented Characters from Bamboo Manuscripts Deposited in Shanghai Museum(《上海博物館藏戰國楚竹書》)

Xinwei XU,Shujuan ZHANG 세계한자학회 2016 世界漢字硏究 Vol.2 No.1

At present, Characters Collection in Chu Area(《楚文字編》) (called CWZB in later content) is not only just an important ancient writing dictionary, but also a high-level academic bookmaking because of its appropriate stylistic rules and layout,abundant contents and easiness to use. However, any academic achievements have historical limitations. After CWZB came out, it had been revealed a lot of defects from the perspective of current situation and the status of unearthed study of Chu literature. The main disadvantage is missing graphemes from Bamboo Manuscripts Deposited in Shanghai Museum (《上海博物館藏戰國楚竹書》 (called SBJ in later context)). SBJ is the most important written material after Bamboo slips from Guodian Tomb(《郭店楚墓竹簡》). SBJ is published in succession since 2001.The total number of characters are up to 20000.Obviously overall presents about Characters collection in Chu area will not be intact if Characters from SBJ are not embodied. We concluded about 900 newly-supplemented characters with SBJ making up CWZB. Those newly-supplemented Characters show the following research significances: 1) bringing forward existence of some Characters; 2) enriching meanings of some characters with the reference of new manusciptionmanuscripts; 3) amending some errors in CWZB with the reference of newly-supplement Characters; 4) numerous newly-supplemented characters show their corresponding relations between themselves in Chu area.

Wideband Lamb wave analysis based on continuous wavelet transform

Lihua Shi,Xinwei Wang,Gang Li,Lingyan Zhang 국제구조공학회 2005 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.1 No.3

In Lamb wave detection of damages in smart structures, the excitation pulse is usually designed as a narrow band burst wave for the convenience of analysis and recognition. However, the wideband excitation can excite more modes in plate/shell structure and thus provides extra information for changes of the structure. This paper presents a method that can extract information in wideband Lamb wave signals. By transforming the detected signals into various sub-frequency band, the measured signal can be converted to its equivalences of narrow band excitations, therefore, the information in different frequency bands can be acquired from a single test and in the same time the complicity of wideband signal can be simplified. Some test results are provided to verify this method.

Wideband Lamb wave analysis based on continuous wavelet transform

Shi, Lihua,Wang, Xinwei,Li, Gang,Zhang, Lingyan Techno-Press 2005 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.1 No.3

In Lamb wave detection of damages in smart structures, the excitation pulse is usually designed as a narrow band burst wave for the convenience of analysis and recognition. However, the wideband excitation can excite more modes in plate/shell structure and thus provides extra information for changes of the structure. This paper presents a method that can extract information in wideband Lamb wave signals. By transforming the detected signals into various sub-frequency band, the measured signal can be converted to its equivalences of narrow band excitations, therefore, the information in different frequency bands can be acquired from a single test and in the same time the complicity of wideband signal can be simplified. Some test results are provided to verify this method.

Accurate Measurement of Agatston Score Using kVp-Independent Reconstruction Algorithm for Ultra-High-Pitch Sn150 kVp CT

Hu Xi,Tao Xinwei,Zhang Yueqiao,Niu Zhongfeng,Zhang Yong,Allmendinger Thomas,Kuang Yu,Chen Bin 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.11

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of the Agatston score obtained with the ultra-high-pitch (UHP) acquisition mode using tin-filter spectral shaping (Sn150 kVp) and a kVp-independent reconstruction algorithm to reduce the radiation dose. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 114 patients (mean ± standard deviation, 60.3 ± 9.8 years; 74 male) who underwent a standard 120 kVp scan and an additional UHP Sn150 kVp scan for coronary artery calcification scoring (CACS). These two datasets were reconstructed using a standard reconstruction algorithm (120 kVp + Qr36d, protocol A; Sn150 kVp + Qr36d, protocol B). In addition, the Sn150 kVp dataset was reconstructed using a kVp-independent reconstruction algorithm (Sn150 kVp + Sa36d, protocol C). The Agatston scores for protocols A and B, as well as protocols A and C, were compared. The agreement between the scores was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Bland–Altman plot. The radiation doses for the 120 kVp and UHP Sn150 kVp acquisition modes were also compared. Results: No significant difference was observed in the Agatston score for protocols A (median, 63.05; interquartile range [IQR], 0–232.28) and C (median, 60.25; IQR, 0–195.20) (p = 0.060). The mean difference in the Agatston score for protocols A and C was relatively small (-7.82) and with the limits of agreement from -65.20 to 49.56 (ICC = 0.997). The Agatston score for protocol B (median, 34.85; IQR, 0–120.73) was significantly underestimated compared with that for protocol A (p < 0.001). The UHP Sn150 kVp mode facilitated an effective radiation dose reduction by approximately 30% (0.58 vs. 0.82 mSv, p < 0.001) from that associated with the standard 120 kVp mode. Conclusion: The Agatston scores for CACS with the UHP Sn150 kVp mode with a kVp-independent reconstruction algorithm and the standard 120 kVp demonstrated excellent agreement with a small mean difference and narrow agreement limits. The UHP Sn150 kVp mode allowed a significant reduction in the radiation dose.