Reversibel Data HIding Using Adaptive Embedding

Xiaochao Qu,김형중 한국정보통신설비학회 2013 한국정보통신설비학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Family and Religious Values in Contemporary China

Xiaochao Wang 장로회신학대학교 2014 ASIA‒PACIFIC JOURNAL OF THEOLOGICAL STUDIES Vol.2 No.-

There are several issues that contemporary Chinese families experienced in the wake of change. Equalization of family members is a positive effect of it; there are negative sides of it, however. They are as follows: fi rst, increase of divorce rate; second, increase of extramarital intercourse; third, infringement of rights of weak members within the family; fourth, reemergence of corrupt morale which disappeared in the New China(e.g., drugs, gambles, human traffi c, prostitution etc.); fi fth, unsound consumption of family. Regarding all these phenomena, Chinese religion should seek indigenization and cultural contextualization to solve these problems. In this regard, Roman Catholic and protestant Christianity may be seen as having theological and ethical theses that are acceptable to Chinese people. Especially, emphasis on love of God and love of neighbor is harmonious to the ethical spirit that China is pursuing. Therefore Roman Catholic and protestant Christianity are expected to provide promising foundation of thoughts that could meet issues facing China.

Prediction of Laboratory-Derived Resilient Modulus from Field Dynamic Cone Penetrometer Tests for Unbound Pavement Aggregate Materials

Xiaochao Tang,Tahmidur Rahman,Nima Kargah-Ostadi 한국도로학회 2018 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.05

It has been recognized that the performance of pavements is closely related to the properties of the underlying unbound layers and subgrade. It has also been recognized that unbound pavement materials possess a complex nature and often exhibit nonlinear behaviors [1, 2]. The Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) is founded on the use of resilient modulus as the primary input parameter when characterizing unbound pavement materials [3, 4]. The resilient moduli of unbound materials are typically determined by performing repeated load triaxial (RLT) tests in the laboratory. Due to that laboratory resilient modulus tests require sophisticated equipment and trained operators following complicated test procedures, many transportation agencies may not have access to the laboratory facility and opt to correlate resilient modulus with field tests [5]. The long-term pavement performance (LTPP) program offers a large and diverse database that includes a range of laboratory-derived and field-derived properties for unbound materials of many in-service pavement sections. This study is aimed to utilize LTPP data to develop a correlation between the laboratory-derived resilient modulus and a field-derived parameter, dynamic cone penetration index (DCPI) for unbound aggregate materials. Data extracted from the LTPP database were subjected to a thorough quality check to ensure that the data are of good quality and without errors. One-on-one univariate regression was first performed to examine the significance of different variables, including DCPI and some physical properties such as dry unit weight, water content, plasticity index, percent passing No.200 sieve. The physical properties that show strong correlation were selected to be combined with field test parameter (DCPI) to conduct a multivariate regression analysis. A statistical model was developed for the prediction of resilient modulus of unbound aggregates from the DCP test parameters and physical properties. The model predicted a separate data set that did not participate in the correlation analysis, suggesting the success of applying the DCP test in evaluating the resilient modulus of pavement unbound aggregate materials.

Balanced augmented empirical likelihood for regression models

Xiaochao Xia,Zhi Liu 한국통계학회 2019 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.48 No.2

This paper studies the problem of convex hull constraint in conventional empirical likelihood. Specifically, in the framework of regression, a balanced augmented empirical likelihood (BAEL) procedure through adding two synthetic data points is proposed. It can be used to resolve the under-coverage issue, especially in small-sample or high-dimension setting. Furthermore, some asymptotic properties for proposed BAEL ratio statistic are established under mild conditions. The proposed approach performs robust to different random errors by choosing a robust loss function. Extensive simulation studies and a real example are carried out to support our results.

Reversible Watermarking Based on Compensation

Xiaochao Qu,Suah Kim,Hyoung Joong Kim 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.1

This paper proposes a high performance reversible watermarking (RW) scheme based on a novel compensation strategy. RW embeds data into a host image by modifying its pixel values slightly. It is found that certain modified pixels can be compensated to their original values during the proposed embedding procedure. The compensation effect in the RW scheme can improve the marked image quality significantly. By incorporating the pixel selection method, a higher quality image is obtained, which is verified by extensive experiments.

Reversible Watermarking Based on Compensation

Qu, Xiaochao,Kim, Suah,Kim, Hyoung Joong The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.1

This paper proposes a high performance reversible watermarking (RW) scheme based on a novel compensation strategy. RW embeds data into a host image by modifying its pixel values slightly. It is found that certain modified pixels can be compensated to their original values during the proposed embedding procedure. The compensation effect in the RW scheme can improve the marked image quality significantly. By incorporating the pixel selection method, a higher quality image is obtained, which is verified by extensive experiments.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition drives a pro-metastatic Golgi compaction process through scaffolding protein PAQR11

Tan, Xiaochao,Banerjee, Priyam,Guo, Hou-Fu,Ireland, Stephen,Pankova, Daniela,Ahn, Young-ho,Nikolaidis, Irodotos Michail,Liu, Xin,Zhao, Yanbin,Xue, Yongming American Society for Clinical Investigation 2017 The Journal of clinical investigation Vol.127 No.1

<P>Tumor cells gain metastatic capacity through a Golgi phosphoprotein 3-dependent (GOLPH3-dependent) Golgi membrane dispersal process that drives the budding and transport of secretory vesicles. Whether Golgi dispersal underlies the pro-metastatic vesicular trafficking that is associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains unclear. Here, we have shown that, rather than causing Golgi dispersal, EMT led to the formation of compact Golgi organelles with improved ribbon linking and cisternal stacking. Ectopic expression of the EMT-activating transcription factor ZEB1 stimulated Golgi compaction and relieved microRNA-mediated repression of the Golgi scaffolding protein PAQR11. Depletion of PAQR11 dispersed Golgi organelles and impaired anterograde vesicle transport to the plasma membrane as well as retrograde vesicle tethering to the Golgi. The N-terminal scaffolding domain of PAQR11 was associated with key regulators of Golgi compaction and vesicle transport in pull-down assays and was required to reconstitute Golgi compaction in PAQR11-deficient tumor cells. Finally, high PAQR11 levels were correlated with EMT and shorter survival in human cancers, and PAQR11 was found to be essential for tumor cell migration and metastasis in EMT-driven lung adenocarcinoma models. We conclude that EMT initiates a PAQR11-mediated Golgi compaction process that drives metastasis.</P>

Reversible Data Hiding in JPEG Images

Fangjun Huang,Xiaochao Qu,Hyoung Joong Kim,Jiwu Huang Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2016 IEEE transactions on circuits and systems for vide Vol.26 No.9

<P>Among various digital image formats used in daily life, the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) is the most popular. Therefore, reversible data hiding (RDH) in JPEG images is important and useful for many applications such as archive management and image authentication. However, RDH in JPEG images is considerably more difficult than that in uncompressed images because there is less information redundancy in JPEG images than that in uncompressed images, and any modification in the compressed domain may introduce more distortion in the host image. Furthermore, along with the embedding capacity and fidelity (visual quality), which have to be considered for uncompressed images, the storage size of the marked JPEG file should be considered. In this paper, based on the philosophy behind the JPEG encoder and the statistical properties of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients, we present some basic insights into how to select quantized DCT coefficients for RDH. Then, a new histogram shifting-based RDH scheme for JPEG images is proposed, in which the zero coefficients remain unchanged and only coefficients with values 1 and -1 are expanded to carry message bits. Moreover, a block selection strategy based on the number of zero coefficients in each 8 × 8 block is proposed, which can be utilized to adaptively choose DCT coefficients for data hiding. Experimental results demonstrate that by using the proposed method we can easily realize high embedding capacity and good visual quality. The storage size of the host JPEG file can also be well preserved.</P>

Equivalence of two tests in varying coefficient partially linear errors in variable model with missing responses

Hu Yang,Xiaochao Xia 한국통계학회 2014 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.43 No.1

This paper considers two tests on varying coefficient partially linear errors-in-variablesmodels (VCPLM-EV) with missing responses under the linear constraint. The restricted estimatorfor the parametric component is derived and proven to share asymptotically normaldistribution. In order to test the linear constraint, two statistics based on the profile Lagrangemultiplier method and the corrected residual sum of squares method respectively,are proposed. It is of interest to obtain that the magnitudes of the two statistics are equal exactlyand follow the asymptotical chi-square distribution. This reveals a new type of Wilk’sphenomenon in VCPLM-EV models with missing response. Finally, some numerical examplesare carried out to illustrate relevant performances.

MiR-34a and miR-34b/c have distinct effects on the suppression of lung adenocarcinomas

김정선,박상희,안영호,Xiaochao Tan,Xin Liu,박상희,강근수,윤정숙,고윤호,Jonathan M. Kurie,안영호 생화학분자생물학회 2019 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.51 No.-

Three miR-34 family members (miR-34a, miR-34b, and miR-34c) are clustered on two different chromosomal loci, Mir34a and Mir34b/c. These miRNAs have identical seed sequences, which are predicted to target the same set of genes. However, miR-34a and miR-34c have different sets of negatively correlated genes in lung adenocarcinoma data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Therefore, we hypothesized that the individual miR-34 family members, which are tumor suppressive miRNAs, would have varying effects on lung tumorigenesis. To show this, we overexpressed each miR-34 cluster in murine lung cancer cells. MiR-34b/c enhanced cancer cell attachment and suppressed cell growth and invasion compared with miR-34a. In a syngeneic mouse model, both miR-34a and miR-34b/c blocked lung metastasis. However, miR-34b/c suppressed tumor growth more than miR-34a. MiR-34b/c also decreased the expression of mesenchymal markers (Cdh2 and Fn1) and increased the expression of epithelial markers (Cldn3, Dsp, and miR-200) to a greater degree than miR-34a. These results imply that miR-34b and miR-34c inhibit epithelial-tomesenchymal transition. Furthermore, knockout of all three miR-34 members promoted mutant Kras-driven lung tumor progression in mice. Similarly, lung adenocarcinoma patients with higher miR-34a/b/c levels had better survival rates than did those with lower levels. In summary, we suggest that miR-34b and miR-34c are more effective tumor suppressors than miR-34a.