내시경적 조직검사로 진단된 위 분선충증 1 예

이석호,이화영,이규택,강인구,최규완,백승운,이종균,이준혁,고광철,이종철,오영륜,현재근,이풍렬,김재준,채종일 대한소화기내시경학회 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.2

Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic disease caused by Strongyloides stercoralis which exists in two forms : the free living and parasitic forms. It exists in warm, moist climate in areas where there is frequent fecal contamination of the soil. After cutaneous invasion by the filariform larvae, petechial hemorrage, pruritus, papular rashes, edema, and urticaria occur. Infection commonly occurs in the proximal intestine of the gastrointestinal (G-I) tract but may extend from the stomach to the anus. Once the worm is established in the small intestine, the physical findings may include epigastric tenderness to palpation. The mucosal biopsy is an inefficient way of making the diagnosis because the worm is found in the biopsy specimen in only 2% of patients. Gastric strongyloidiasis is rare. We experienced a case of gastric strongyloidiasis diagnosed by the endoscopic biopsy and serologic test for parasite specific IgG antibody by micro-ELISA.

전해산성수를 이용한 새로운 내시경 소독 시스템(Cleantop WM-1??)의 소독효율

이준행,이풍렬,송재훈,이남용,임윤정,장재권,김영호,김재준,백승운,이종철,최규완 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.2

Background : Electrolyzed acid water (EAW) is a new liquid chemical germicide containing a mixture of oxidizing species and prepared by mixing a small amount of salt with tap water in an electrolyzer. We attempted an in-use evaluation of the high-level disinfection capability of Cleantop WM-1□, a new endoscope reprocessing system using EAW. Methods : Forty-seven flexible endoscopes were randomly collected just after upper endoscopic examinations and were disinfected using Cleantop WM-1□. Parts of the endoscopes without contact to EAW were disinfected with 75% ethyl alcohol. Immediately after the disinfection procedure, samples were taken from the biopsy channel (S-1), tip of the insertion tube (S-2), the umbilical cord (S-3), and the angulation knob (S-4). Results : In EAW-disinfected parts of the endoscopes, the culture-positive rates were 4.3% (2/47) in S-1 samples and 12.8% (6/47) in S-2 samples. In ethyl alcohol-disinfected area, the culture-positive rates were 2.1% (1/47) in S-3 samples and 25.5% (12/47) in S-4 samples. The colony counts of culture-positive samples ranged from 1 to 144. Pseudomonas aerugi-nasa was recovered from the angulation knob of an endoscope, but other contaminating organisms were mostly : normal flora or opportunistic pathogens. Conclusion : Although part of the endoscopes disinfected with 75% ethyl alcohol were contaminated with more organisms than EAW-disinfected areas, Cleantop WM-1□ showed a relatively good disinfection efficacy in reprocessing patient-used endoscopes. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:133∼138, 2001)

위성자료를 이용한 지점 호우모형에 관한 연구

이재형,김운중,김경수 全北大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.39 No.-

The physically based heavy rainfall model was developed by Ceon(1994) for storm event. This is a modified version of the model. The input variable of the model are temperature, pressure, dew point temperature on the ground level and cloud top temperature by the satellite. The results show that there is significant deviation between the hourly calculated rainfall rate and the observed data. But the difference is very small in the total rainfall rate. The deviation is due to not well fitted for the saturate evaporation, which are calculated from cloud top temperature, at the lower 253°K.

체육교과 인식에 대한 중학생의 성별 차이 분석

이재운 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of middle school students' perceptions for physical education according to sex. To achieve this purpose, the researcher used the case study utilized qualitative method. The participants of this study were 356 students(male: 180. female: 176) in the middle school. The data was collected by group interviews. The data was analyzed by an inductive categorical analysis. The collected data was verified by member checks, peer debriefing. and triangulation. The conclusions of this study were as follows. First, students perceived physical education as interesting subject, subject granted physical activity, subject enforced outside the class, and unrestricted subject out of a burden regardless of sex. Second, male students perceived physical education as one's preferring subject, subject promoted health and physical fitness. But female students perceived physical education as subject experienced poor motor skills, one's dislike subject, and subject experienced of one's physical insufficiency.

노동계약법 실시 이후 중국 노사관계의 변화와 재중 기업의 대응전략

이희운;강재식 경희대학교 산업관계연구소 2011 産硏論叢 Vol.36 No.-

중국은 경제체제개혁에서 나타나는 노동문제를 해결하고, 계획경제시기와 다른 노사관계를 수립하는 한편 노동자의 권익을 보호하기 위하여 2008년부터 노동계약법을 전면적으로 시행하였다. 노동계약법은 중국의 시장경제가 점차적으로 성숙해지는 시기에 노동쟁의가 날로 증가되는 상황에서 탄생된 법률로서 중국 노사관계가 새로운 변화를 가져올 것으로 보인다. 노동관련 정책과 법률이 “親기업”에서 “親노동자”로 변함에 따라 중국이 가공무역과 저임 노동력의 매력을 점점 상실하게 되고 중국진출 외자기업은 원가관리, 인력자원관리 등 면에서 새로운 도전에 직면하게 된다. 이 연구는 중국의 노동계약법 실시로 인한 노사관계의 변화를 살펴보고, 중국진출 외자기업의 대응전략을 제시하는 데 주목적을 두었다. 결과적으로 외자기업들은 첫째, 국제적 역량의 이전과 능력 향상 및 교육훈련을 강화하고, 주재원을 현지 경영 인력이나 기술 인력으로 간접적으로 대체하여야 한다. 둘째, 중국 공회를 통한 경영 및 관리방식의 개선을 실시하여야 한다. 셋째, 생산성 향상으로 임금상승을 상쇄하고 성과주의 인사제도를 도입하여야 한다. 넷째, 생산거점을 중국내륙으로 이전하거나, 중국에서의 철수 또는 타국으로의 이전을 고려하여야 한다. Since innovation and opening in 1978, China has been industrialized and urbanized through expansion of market economy and accomplishment of rapid economical growth for more than 30 years but labor-management relations have been significantly changed, too. Especially, as the Labor Agreement Law was enforced in January, 2008, the labor market and labor environment of China faced on important changes. The largest change was that the labor law system, which had been focused on the development of enterprises in the past, was changed to the direction to protect the rights and benefits of the laborers. The purpose of this study is to suggest counter strategies to the enterprises, which run business in China, against the new changes by studying and analyzing the changed Labor Agreement Law. The counter measures of the foreign-invested enterprises in China may be summarized as follows. The first is to minimize the employed manpower through equipment automation, outsourcing non-essential work, and expanded outsourcing in order to meet the elevated labor cost. The second is to take measures to meet the new labor environment through rearrangement of manpower and structural reorganization. The third is to try in order to construct cooperative relations with labor unions. And, the last is to improve the personnel affairs and labor management systems. Many foreign-invested enterprises in China, which is called as the factor of the world due to its rich manpower, could be comfortable in China in relation to the requests for wage increase and labor unions’ strikes which had been frequent in their native countries but, as the Labor Agreement Law was enforced, they are surprised at the change to the labor market that cannot be easily controlled due to requests for wage increase by almost 20 % every year, group suicide of Foxconn, and the large scale strike of Honda Motors Factory. The foreign-invested enterprises in China should strictly manage personnel affairs and labor to meet the changed Labor Agreement Law, should possess specified technology, and should practice ethical management in order to survive in Chinese market with competition priority.

상수도관로중 주철관종의 잔존수명 평가에 관한 연구

이현동,배철호,홍성호,황재윤,곽필재 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Residual wall thicknesses, corrosion rates, and residual life of thirty four samples of cast iron pipes(CIPs) and ductile cast iron pipes(DCIPs) collected from water mains of B city were studied to estimate their remaining service life or optimum time of rehabilitation. The internal maximum corrosion depths of samples measured using a dial gauge after shot blasting were twice higher than the external in most cases. Therefore corrosion of water pipes was much more affected by internal water quality than soil. Residual wall thicknesses of DCIPs were higher than those of CIPs. That reason was thought to be that DCIPs have been protected from internal corrosion by lining cement mortar. Residual life calculated by maximum corrosion rate was ranged up to 44 years with 12.40 years average. Since most CIPs were much deteriorated, rehabilitation plan should be established soon in B city. Residual life of DCIP was 33.52 years average. When cement mortar lining is used up by neutralization of DCIPs. DCIP also should be rehabilitated.

Frozen Shoulder의 물리치료에 관한 임상적 고찰

이재학,함용운 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1985 保健科學論集 Vol.14 No.1

This study is conducted to analyses and evaluate efficiency of Physical Therapy on the frozen shoulder on 152 cases who were treated at the Dept. of Rehabilitation Medicine, Korea University Hospital during I year of period from July 1, 1984 to June 30, 1985. The result obtained in this study are summarized as follow: 1. Among the 152 cases females were 90 cases(59.2%) and males were 62 cases(40.8%) and average age was 58.4 years. 2. The involvements of the right side 70 cases (46.1%) were slightly more than the left side 67 cases (44.0%), and 15cases(9.9%) were bilateral. 3. 82 cases(53.9%) out of 152 cases were idiopathic and average duration of symptom at admission was 3.7 months. 4. The modalities of physical therapy suitable to each cases were applied: 98.0% of all cases were treated with hydrocollator steam pack, 98.7% ultrasound and diathermy, 88.5% Codman's exercise, 68.4% shoulder wheel, 55.9% overhead pulley, 35.5% shoulder ladder, 51.3% gentle passive exercise. 5. Average duration of physical therapy was 1.7 months. 6. Total amount of an increase of range of motion shoulder joint after physical therapy were about 70 degrees in abduction and 45 degrees in external rotation.

게놈 유형이 다른 무릇(Scilla scilloides comlpex)에서 FISH를 이용한 인 우성 다양성 분석

이상은,최혜운,방재욱 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2004 생물공학연구지 Vol.10 No.2

Nucleolar dominance, an epigenetic phenomenon in which one parental set of ribosomal RNA gene is silenced in an interspecific hybrid, was investigated in different cytotype plants of Scilla scilloides complex; AA, BB, AABB, ABBB, BBBB and AABBB. To determine the loci of the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in metaphase chromosomes, physical mapping of 45S rRNA gene (3.8 Kb) using FISH method was applied. Two signals of the 45S rRNA gene loci were observed in both the cytotypes of AA (2n=16) and BB (2n=18). Four signals were found in tetraploid BBBB, while two and three signals were found in cytotypes of AABB and ABBB, respectively. However, AABB plants in the population of Daegukhul-do Island had four NORs in both the A and B genome. Four signals were found in pentaploid AABBB plants. The different numbers of 45S rRNA gene signals suggested the phenomenon of nucleolar dominance or amphiplasty among different cytotype plants of S. scilloides. It is speculated that inactivation of NORs on a2 chromosome in the cytotype AABB plants is the result of the amphiplastic suppression between A and B genomes.

제주도산 가무락, Cyclina sinensis의 생식주기에 관한 조직학적 연구

이정재,조운삼 제주대학교 해양연구소 1985 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.9 No.-

광선추적과 스펙트럼에 대한 교사와 중학생의 개념 유형 분석

이재봉,남경운,손정우,이성묵 한국과학교육학회 2004 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.24 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 중학교 교사와 학생들을 대상으로 광선추적과 스펙트럼에 대한 교사와 학생의 개념 유형을 비교하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 7학년 '빛 단원에서 가장 중요하다고 생각되는 핵심개념은 광선추적과 스펙트럼에 의해 파악할 수 있다고 전제하고, 이에 대한 교사와 학생의 개념 유형을 조사하였다. 연구 대상은 서울ㆍ경기지역 과학교사 10명과 이들에게 배운 학생 328명이다. 모든 검사문항은 광선추적법과 스펙트럼 방법을 적용하는 문항으로 구성하였다. 연구결과 광선추적과 스펙트럼에 대한 교사와 학생들의 개념유형에는 차이가 있었다. 또한 대부분의 교사와 학생들은 상이 생기는 근본원리에 대하여 정확하게 알지 못하였다. 광선추적법을 알지 못하여 반사와 굴절에 의한 상을 찾을 때, 물체에서 나온 두 개 이상의 광선을 그려서 상을 찾는 경우는 거의 없었고, 하나의 광선으로 임의의 위치에서 상을 찾거나 평소 암기하고 있던 상의 위치를 표시하였다. 그리고 색에 대하여는 교사와 학생들은 개념을 이해하지 못하고, 교사들은 학생들에게 원리에 대한 설명 없이 현상을 제시하였다. 즉 교사와 학생들은 색에 대해서 단순 암기하고 있었다. The purpose of this study is to understand the types of teacher and student's concept on ray-tracing and spectrum in middle school. This study suggest key-concepts that is most important to "Light" unit in the seven grades : the ray-tracing and the spectrum. We examined the types of teacher and student's concept. We selected 10 teacher and 328 students who had learned by 10 teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi. The problems were composed with the question item regarding all ray-tracing or the spectrum. From the analysis, it was found that the types of teacher and student's concept on ray-tracing and spectrum is different. The most of teacher and student didn't understand the basic principle of image formation. In case of context about formation of image by reflection and refraction, because they don't know ray-tracing, they do not try to find the position of the image by drawing two rays. Most of them used one ray comes from the one position of the object and indicated the position of image by memorized position. Also almost there was not a case which uses a ray tracing accurately. In the case of understanding color, they didn't understand the concept of color(or spectrum) and teachers represented to students the color phenomena without explanation of principles. In the result teachers and students would learn color science by rote.